考生們在進行考研英語的考試時，需要把一些重要的語法考點掌握好。小編為大家精心準備了考研英語知識考點，歡迎大家前來閱讀。
引導的賓語從句: that沒有意義，在口語或非正式文體中常省略：
I really feel she’s making a mistake. 我的確感到她正犯錯誤。
I suggested that we should go home. 我建議我們回家去。虛擬語氣，that 一般不能省略。 her/if (是否)引導的賓語從句：如果要突出“究竟是…還是不…”，常在whether 後面加or not; if 一般不與or not連用。
Let me know whether you can come or not. 你能來還是不能來，告訴我一聲。
3.在think, believe,suppose, expect 等動詞的賓語從句中，否定不用在從句中，而是將think 等詞變為否定形式。
I don’t think the film is interesting. 我覺得這部電影沒什麼意思。
I don’t suppose we are going outing tomorrow. 我認為我們明天不會出去郊遊。
4.如果從句作賓語而後面還有補語，為了保持句子的平衡，用it 作形式賓語，而將賓語從句放在句尾。常跟這樣的複合賓語的動詞有：make, find, see, hear, feel, think, consider, regard, take… granted等。
George made it clear that he opposed thisproject. 喬治已明確表示他反對這個專案。it 代表that引導的句子，作賓語，clear 是賓語補足語。
They kept it quiet that he was dead. 對他已經死亡的訊息，他們祕而不宣。
考研英語考點：各種承上啟下關係所謂“承上啟下”即承接上文，開啟下文。該考點是英語考試必考點!其常見的三種形式如下所示：
一代詞的承上啟下
(一)常見代詞：he/ she/ they/ it/ him/ her/ them/ his/ hers/ their/ one等
(二)識別標準：判斷指代詞的單複數、位置以及詞性。
(三)舉例子：
E.g. Tom is a good student. He would like to play football.(he主語、單數、名詞，往前找，我們不難發現he= Tom。學生因為作補語，所以Tom 更加準確。)
E.g. Tom does not like cars, because they pollute the air. (they主語，複數，名詞，往前找，Tom因為是單數，所以不符合還原要求，所以最終cars= they，符合句子邏輯要求。)
E.g. . ④That means a higher proportion of what is in the sea is being caught, so the real difference between present and past is likely to be worse than the one recorded by changes in catch sizes. [題目中的the one= the difference]
二名詞的承上啟下
(一)常見形式：the/ such/ this/ that/ these/ those+n
(二)舉例子：
E.g. Tom is a good student. The student would like to play football. (the +n往往表示第二次提到，所以該學生其實就是前面提到的a good student= Tom.)
E.g.
They all seem to look alike (though they come from all over)—lean, pointed, dedicated faces, wearing jeans and sandals, eating their buns and bedding down for the night on the flagstones outside the theatre to buy the 20 seats and 80 standing-room tickets held for the sleepers and sold to them when the box office opens at 10∶30 a. m. [題目中的them= the sleepers= their= they]
[備註：held，原形hold，在此表示“預留”的意思。所以tickets held for the sleepers= thickets which were held for the sleepers為守夜排隊者預留的票]
[注意：the+重複關鍵詞/同詞根不同形式的單詞/同義詞/上義詞/詞義更為廣泛的或籠統的上義詞]
三關聯詞的承上啟下
(一)常見形式：also/ furthermore/ but/ however/ therefore/ then等詞+上述兩種形式一種。
(二)舉例子：Everybody thinks Tom is stupid. Nobody thinks she is clever either.
四句法
(一)常見形式：即採用前置、省略、重複、被動語態，甚至排比等手段起到承上啟下的紐帶作用。有時為使句子與上文銜接把通常位於句中或句後的賓語、補語前置。
(二)舉例子：
Mr. White fried two small pieces of fish. One of these he fed to his cat, the other he ate himself.
We really should not resent being called paupers. Paupers we are, and paupers we shall remain.
考研英語必考知識點：被動語態的用法被動態的用法
1、不知道或沒有必要指出動作的執行者，這時就用被動語態。
I felt a littlie nervous when I was beinginterviewed. 我接受面試的時候，有點緊張。
These fighters are imported from Russia. 這些戰鬥機是從俄國進口的。
That place has been turned into a swimmingpool. 那個地方已被變成游泳池。
2、說話或發表意見時，為了顯得客觀公正，也常用被動語態
He’ssaid/believed/reported to be in the U. S. A. 據說/據信/據報道他在美國。
常用句型(that後面跟句子)：
It is said that…….
It is reported that…….
It is hoped that…….
It is believed that…….
It is announced that…….
it is (well) known that…….
It has been decided that…….
It is supposed that…….
It is suggested that…….
It must be remembered that…….
It is taken for granted that…….
主動句變被動句
一：時態不能改變;二：變為被動語態後，謂語動詞要和被動語態的主語在人稱、數上保持一致。還要作如下變動：把主動語態的賓語變為被動語態的主語;主動語態的主語放在by的後面，組成介詞短語，再把這個介詞短語放在被動語態的謂語動詞之後。在動作的執行者無須說明或不必要強調時，by短語可以省略。
They will open a new supermarket theresoon.
A new supermarket will be opened theresoon.
Somebody has warned us to be careful ofrats.
We have been warned to be careful of rats.
如果主動語態有兩個賓語(直接賓語和間接賓語)，變為被動語態時，可將其中任何一個賓語變為主語，另一個不變。但較常見的是將間接賓語變為被動語態的主語。
The reporters asked the president somequestions.
The president was asked some questions bythe reporters. (變間接賓語為主語)
Some questions were asked the president bythe reporters. (變直接賓語為主語)
情態動詞被動態
句中含有情態動詞時，其被動語態的結構是：情態動詞+be+過去分詞：
The timetable can be changed any time. 時間表隨時可以改變。
This book may not be taken out of thereading room. 這本書不允許帶出閱覽室。
This dictionary must be taken good care of.這本詞典必須保管好。
其他要點
1、有些動詞形式上是主動，意義上是被動。
School begins in September. 學校九月份開學。
The library doesn’t open onSunday. 圖書館星期天不開放。
The machine runs well. 這臺機器容易操作。
My pen writes well. 我的`鋼筆好使。
The cloth washes well. 這料子耐洗。
The dictionary sells well. 這詞典銷路很好。
The door will not shut/lock. 門關/鎖不上。
2、make, see, watch,hear, notice, feel等使役動詞和感官動詞的賓語後面可以接不帶to的不定式作賓補。但在被動語態中，不定式符號to必須補上。
They made him go. 他們讓他去。
He was made to go. 他被要求去了。
I heard him say good-bye to his friends. 我聽見他向他的朋友說再見。
He was heard to say good-bye to hisfriends. 有人聽到他向他的朋友說再見。
3、除助動詞be外，動詞get有時也可跟過去分詞構成被動語態，是比較口語化的一種被動語態。這種結構中很少用by短語。
I got lost in the huge market. 在那個巨大的市場中我迷失了方向。
In the end this story got translated intoEnglish. 這故事最後被譯成了英文。 His car got damaged in aroad accident. 他的車在交通事故中被毀了。
4、“have/get+賓語+過去分詞”這個句型也表達了一種被動的意思。
I had my wallet stolen/lost last Sundaywhen I was shopping. 上星期天買東西的時候我的錢夾被盜。
I bought these books at a discount and hadtwo hundred dollars saved. 我打折買了這些書，省了兩百美元。
5、在need, want, require後面，主動的-ing形式表達被動的意思：
our garden needs watering. (=…to bewatered) 你的花園需要澆水。
Does your suit require pressing, sir? 先生，您的衣服要燙嗎?
