職稱英語考試閱讀理解是試卷中分值比重最大的題型。由此可見，想要通過全國專業技術職稱英語考試，必須掌握基本閱讀技能，努力提高閱讀理解能力。
1.閱讀題的解題流程圖
2.定位原句的方法
1)利用題幹關鍵詞在原文中定位相關句子
*利用數字資訊定位：題幹中的時間、價格、比例等數字資訊都是很好的定位資訊，因為數字在文中十分明顯，容易尋找。
*利用人名、地名和機構名稱定位：人名、地名和機構名稱等一般都是以大寫字母開頭，它們在文中比較突出，容易定位。
*利用生詞及專有名詞定位：題幹中的生詞有時是一些專業術語或專門含義的特殊表達，大都也是以大寫字母開頭，這些一般都是照搬原文資訊，有利於定位。
*利用題幹中的核心詞定位：如果沒有上述的明顯詞彙，就要利用題幹中的核心詞彙(如動詞、名詞、形容詞、副詞等)以及短語來定位。
2)利用選項關鍵詞在原文中定位相關句子
有時候題幹中沒有關鍵詞，特別是判斷類的題目，如：which ofthe following is true/not true?/Which ofthe followin9…except?這類題目利用選項關鍵詞來定位反而更容易，從而迅速地判斷出選項的對錯與否。
3)利用題目順序與段落順序一致的原則定位
閱讀理解的出題順序和原文的順序基本一致，即第一題的答案應在文章的前部，第二題的答案應在第一題的答案之後。換句話講，靠前的題在靠文章前面的段落尋找答案。這個規律有助於考生確定題幹所對應的句子在文中的位置。
下面我們來看具體考點的解題方法：
考點一：主旨題
主旨題是對主題思想提問，是閱讀理解的必考題。
常見主旨大意提問的方式有：
The main idea of this section is
The best title for this passage might be __________.
The main idea of this article is__________.
Which of the following best states the theme of the passage?
The last paragraph is mainly about __________.
The major point discussed in the paragraph is __________.
What is the passage mainly about ?
The subject matter of this selection is __________.
What can you conclude from the passage?
如何抓文章或段落的主旨大意呢?
書最重要的手段還是精讀文章的首段和末段，以及每段的首句。例如：
More and more, the operations of our businesses, governments, and financial institutions are controlled by information that exists only inside computer memories. Anyone clever enough to modify this information for his own purposes can reap substantial rewards. Even worse, a number of people who have done this and been caught at it have managed to get away without punishment.
It's easy for computer crimes to go undetected if no one checks up on what the computer isdoing. But even if the crime is detected, the criminal may walk away not only unpunished but witha glowing recommendation from his former employers.
Of course, we have no statistics on crimes that go undetected. But it's disturbing to note howmany of the crimes we do know about were detected by accident, not by systematic inspections orother security procedures. The computer criminals who have been caught may have been thevictims of uncommonly bad luck.
For example, a certain keypunch (鍵盤打孔) operator complained of having to stay overtimeto punch extra cards. Investigation revealed that the extra cards she was being asked to punch werefor dishonest transaction. In another case, dissatisfied employees of the thief tipped off ( 向……透露 ) the company that was being robbed.
Unlike other lawbreakers, who must leave the country, commit suicide, or go to jail, computer criminals sometimes escape punishment, demanding not only that they not be charged but that they be given good recommendations and perhaps other benefits. All too often, their demands have been met.
Why? Because company executives are afraid of the bad publicity that would result if the public found out that their computer had been misused. They hesitate at the thought of a criminal boasting in open court of how he juggled (耍弄) the most confidential records right under the noses of the company's executives, accountants, and security staff. And so another computer criminal departs with just the recommendations he needs to continue his crimes elsewhere.
在文章第一段最後一句、第二段最後一句都反覆提到了計算機犯罪分子不受懲罰，文章第六段又分析了這種現象的種種原因。故全文核心內容談的是計算機犯罪分子作案後不受懲罰。
* 首段、末段沒有明確的主題句時，全篇重複的中心詞或每一段中重複的主題詞即為
中心大意。例如：
The differences in living standards around the world are vast. In 1993, the average American had an income of about $25,000. In the same year, the average Mexican earned $7,000, and the average Nigerian earned $1,500. Not surprisingly, this large variation in average income is reflected in various measures of the quality of life. Changes in living standards over time are also large. In the United States, incomes have historically grown about 2 percent per year (after adjusting for changes in the cost of living). At this rate, average income doubles every 35 years. In some countries, economic growth has been even more rapid. In Japan, for instance, average income has doubled in the past 20 years, and in South Korea it has doubled in the past 10 years.
What explains these large differences in living standards among countries and over time? Thanswer is surprisingly simple. Almost all variation in living standards is attributable to differences in countries' productivity-- that is, the amount of goods and services produced from each hour of a worker's time. In nations where workers can produce a large quantity of goods and services per unit of time, most people enjoy a high standard of living—— in nations where workers are less productive, most people must endure a more meager existence. Similarly, the growth rate of a nation's productivity determines the growth rate of its average income.
The fundamental relationship between productivity and living standards is simple, but its implications are far-reaching. If productivity is the primary determinant of living standards, other explanations must be of secondary importance. For example, people might think that labor unions or minimum-wage laws contributed to the rise in living standards of American workers over the past century. Yet the real hero of American workers is their rising productivity.
The relationship between productivity and living standards also has great implications for public policy. When thinking about how any policy will affect living standards, the key question is how it will affect our ability to produce goods and services. To improve living standards,policymakers need to raise productivity by ensuring that workers are well educated, have the tools needed to produce goods and services, and have access to the best available technology.
全文沒有主題段，但從每段主題句(畫線句子)中重複的單詞productivity和living standards可以看出，該主旨題的答案中應該同時包含這兩個主題詞。
*沒有主題句，也少有重複的詞，需要通過總結全文、並讀透字裡行間的意義來確定。
A bus driver must answer questions while guiding a bus through heavy traffic. All day long,the driver answers the same questions without becoming angry. Every few minutes a bus driver has to ask passengers to step to the rear of the bus. In spite of traffic snarls and thoughtless passengers who cause delays, a bus driver is expected to cover his or her rout on schedule.
本段沒有主題句。讀者只能通過通讀全文來歸納出隱含主題：Driving a bus is hard work.
考點二：細節題職稱英語考試閱讀理解部分對文章細節資訊的考查佔總分比重最大，約佔60%。對細節題的考查包括事實資訊題和邏輯關係細節題。解答前者的關鍵是準確定位，而後者除了準確定位之外，還需要把握文章句與句之間、段與段之間的邏輯關係。
常見的考查邏輯關係的提問方式為：
●…because__________.
●…includes__________.
●…except__________.
●Which ofthe followin9…true/not true?
●Who/When/Where/Why/How/What…?
