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2016年職稱英語考試解題技巧之閱讀理解

職稱英語 閱讀(2.37W)

2016年職稱英語考試在即,為幫助各位考生複習備考,小編整理了2016年職稱英語考試解題技巧專題,今天要講述的是閱讀理解的解題技巧,希望幫助到大家。

2016年職稱英語考試解題技巧之閱讀理解

全國職稱英語等級考試大綱就閱讀理解能力的考核目標作了如下規定:

讀者應能綜合運用英語語言知識和閱讀技能來理解本專業的或一般內容的英語書面材料。閱讀能力主要包括下列幾個方面:

1.掌握所讀材料的主旨和大意;

2.瞭解闡述主旨的事實和細節;

3.利用上下文猜測某些詞彙和短語的意義;

4.既理解個別句子的意義,也理解上下文之間的意義關係;

5.根據所讀材料進行判斷和推論;

6.領會作者的觀點、意圖和態度。

根據考試大綱規定的考核目標,我們歸納出相應的六種閱讀理解題的型別,並具體地探討如何答好這些閱讀理解題。

  1.掌握所讀材料的主旨和大意

掌握所讀材料的主旨和大意是正確理解全文的關鍵。對主題思想的提問是閱讀理解測試的必考題。但提問方式及用詞都有差異,這類題常見提問方式可歸納如下:

1. The main idea of this passage is _______

2. This passage tells us_______

3. Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the passage?

4. Which of the following sentences best summarizes the author's main point?

5. Which of the following best states the theme of the passage?

6. The subject matter of this selection is ______

7. The passage mainly discusses_______

8. This passage illustrates ______

9. This paragraph centers / focuses on ______

10. This passage mainly deals with ______

11. This passage is chiefly concerned with ______

12. The author's purpose in writing this passage is _______

13. What is the passage mainly about?

14. What is the best title of the passage?

15. The major point discussed in the passage is

  解答這一類題目的基本方法如下:

A.找出主題句。首先要讀標題,因為標題往往是主題句中的核心詞或概括性的詞。抓住全文中心思想的最快捷的途徑就是找出主題句。主題句一般位於文章或段落的開始,然後圍繞主題展開論述。因為許多作者喜歡採用從一般到個別的論證或敘述方式,即演繹法(deduction)。這是一種很常見的文章或段落的寫作形式。若作者採用歸納法(induction),即從個別到一般來論證或敘述,主題旬就會位於段末。除此之外,主題句還有可能位於段落的中間。找到主題句後,就應以它為標準,在解題時,凡是與主題句意思最接近的選項必然是正確的答案。

例1

In rock music there is a distinct and almost overwhelming single beat is characteristic of the music today. But each song has an easily recognizable you listen to a son9,your foot usually starts to pick up the re lon9,your entire body seems to be moving with head pounds with the beat,and there is no room for the surge of the music is its own way,rock music is as dominant as the rock Gibraltar. Its message is an evergrowing emotional one.

在這一段文章中 “In rock music there is a distinct and almost overwhelming beat.” 為主題句。beat則是句子的資訊核心。該詞在第2、4、6句裡重複出現,而第3句中的“rhythm”(節奏)跟“beat”(強烈的節奏)意思基本一致,這就保證了主題平穩而持續的發展。請注意:第8、9句作者重申並總結了主題句,而不是說段末是主題句。

  2.瞭解闡述主旨的事實和細節

為了準確理解每篇文章或每段文章的中心思想,我們必須要找到與中心思想有關的事實和細節。一個好的作者必然會引用事實、或分析原因、或對比事物間的關係等以論證自己的論點。常用以提問這類事實和細節的問題有兩種。一種是要求找出文章中的重要事實或細節,這些常與wh0,when,where,which或why有關。另一種問題是辨認哪些細節在文章中沒被提及。這些問題常有except,not(mentioned/true),least等。例如:

1. What causes ?

2. Some people do sth. because__________

3. Sb. is … because ________.

4. Why does the author mention ……?

5. Which of the following best characterizes the main feature of……?

6. Where in the passage does the author describe……?

7. Which of the following does the author want to illustrate in discussing ……?

8. What time does the writer think is ?

9. What does the author pay least attention to?

10. Which of the following is not a result of _______?

11. All of the following may be …… except ________.

12. Which of the following is not mentioned?

13. Which of the following statements is true ?

14. The author states all of the items listed except_______.

為了正確回答這一類題目,讀者往往要採用各種閱讀方法和解題技巧,也就是綜合解題法。在通讀全文、掌握文章的中心大意的基礎上,首先要仔細看懂問題,明確問的是什麼,然後按照題意進行尋讀,找到正確答案的根據。

7. Which of the following does the author want to illustrate in discussing ……?