在進入考研複習階段的時候，瞭解長難句的組成方式，對於拆分解讀很有幫助。小編為大家精心準備了考研英語長難句的組合方式解析，歡迎大家前來閱讀。
一、複合從句
在考研中，複合從句中的從句最常見的是定語從句。複合從句可分為簡單複合從句和複雜複合從句。本文將分詞作狀語和定語也歸入從句範疇，當作一種更為靈活的從句形式。這種語法處理，並不是從語言學研究角度進行的，而是從考試、教學角度出發做出的從簡處理。
①簡單複合從句
簡單複合從句可以分為套用從句和並列從句兩種。
套用從句，其實是最簡單的長難句。這類句子就像一根鎖鏈，只要抓住句子的各個連線點，理出句子層次，就完全可以把握住。在翻譯定語從句時，“這(些/ 個)”常用來作為拆分句子的必用手段。閱讀時，定語從句一般可以跳過，實在不放心可以略讀。一般情況下，考研基本上不會在這種從句中有出題點。
並列從句大致有四種情況：並列從句修飾主語、謂語和賓語。也就是說並列從句一般作定語或狀語。其實，並列從句和並列短語在語法功能上完全相同，只不過並列從句一般較長，會使考生在閱讀中漸忘句子結構。
並列從句修飾主語，就是說並列從句作狀語。這種句子很簡單。翻譯時，可以直譯，把從句作定語，直接放在主語前面。如果從句很長，可以使用復指代詞。另外，翻譯從句先行詞時，要注意詞性的轉換，比如hope/ suggest之類的詞有名動兩種譯法。考生要切忌拘於詞性。
並列從句修飾謂語就是說這些從句作狀語。一般情況下，這些從句都不完整，多為現在分詞短語和過去分詞短語。事實上，現在分詞短語和過去分詞短語作狀語或者定語，都可以看作是從句的一種更加靈活的表達方式。
並列從句修飾賓語。賓語有兩種，一種是單純賓語，另一種是介賓結構中的`準賓語。單純賓語指在句中作賓語成分;準賓語指在介詞後面的賓語。
並列從句修飾單純賓語的句子結構很清晰，閱讀難度不大，但翻譯有些難度。並列從句修飾準賓語的就比較難了。因為後面有很長的介詞短語會使考生在閱讀中忘記句子前面的意思。
②複雜複合從句
複雜複合從句，就是說這些句子不是單純的複合從句。複雜複合從句主要是因為句子中出現省略，插入和倒裝等形式，從而加大了句子的難度。這也是考研英語為了加大難度常用的方式。在複雜複合從句中出現的省略一般主要是語法省略，語用省略一般很少。出現插入語，其實是指這些詞或短語的插入，使句子語法成分的聯絡打斷，句子的整體性受到衝擊，從而影響了句子的理解。複雜複合從句中出現的插入語一般都是分詞形式或者介賓結構。翻譯時，一般多可以翻為狀語，有時也可以翻為定語。出現倒裝時，越短的句子越難。因為可以參考的資訊很少。這種句子可以先把從句和先行詞用一個代詞替換，然後進行語序恢復。
二、成分省略
語言有個節省性原則。成分省略，主要是為了避免重複。一般的成分省略多為主語省略和謂語省略。這種省略屬於語法省略。但考研中一般是語用省略，也就是說是為了某種具體的表達目的而採取的省略。成分省略一般和從句相結合，一正一反，使句子變得富有變化和難於把握。但省略句也有一些出現頻率很高，因此需要熟記。
三、使用插入語
插入語，是因為分裂了句子的結構而得名的，所以，這個術語主要是從語法功能角度出發提出的，對語法形式沒有多大考慮。插入語一般是主謂結構或者介賓結構。使用插入語主要是為了調整語氣和增加補充資訊，並且更主要的目的是為了平衡句子結構，避免頭重腳輕。插入語是主謂結構，一般都是“sb say/reason/suggest”這種格式，閱讀問題不大，翻譯時要提到句首。插入語是介賓結構也是如此處理。定語從句和分詞做定語時，如果是插在主謂結構之間也可以看作是插入語。考研翻譯中出現最多的插入語是用破折號插入的新話題或者補充資訊。這種插入標誌很明顯，只是翻譯處理會有些棘手。另外，因為一些句子成分(一般是定語)過長而出現後置，也可看作是插入現象。只不過這種插入只是句子原有成分間的位子變化，沒有新增成分。
四、改變語序
改變語序，一般指倒裝。倒裝分為語法倒裝和修辭倒裝。考研難點一般在修辭倒裝。一種是強調句子的表達重心，一種是強調一種表達語氣，比如命令語氣，假設語氣(虛擬語氣的倒裝屬於此類)疑問語氣和否定語氣。這些倒裝常和一些連詞或者副詞(如nor/so/only/never/until等)密切相關。
考研英語完形填空的出題點1.引語
文章中出現的引語基本上都是考點，只是採用不同的題型而已，如推理引申題、句意理解題、作者意圖題等等。特別注意首段引語的三種作用：第一，作為支援作者觀點的論據;第二，作為作者批判的靶子;第三，給出文章大背景。
2.例子
例子經常出現在命題中，而且題型多為作者觀點態度題。此類題型主要針對文章中所舉之例的作用進行發問。
我們應該注意例子的出現無非有兩種情況：一是先提觀點後舉例;二是先舉例後提出觀點。而該觀點就是作者引用例子所要說明或反駁的。因此見到例子後，我們應該迅速查詢其上下文，目的必在其中。通過歷年真題分析，發現先提觀點後舉例的情況佔多數。
3.長難句
考點一般集中在長難句上。這些句子的共同點就是同位語、定語和分句很多;主語和謂語之間的距離很遠，還時常伴有插入成分。主要考查句子之間的指代或邏輯關係，以引申推理題、事實細節題等多種形式出現。理解長難句的要領就是先找出主幹，化繁為簡，然後再看各個分句或修飾成分與它的關係。
4.轉折處或對比處
在歷年考題中，轉折和對比一直受到命題者的青睞。文章通過however,but,infact，yet等邏輯詞進行轉折,轉折後的內容常常是作者真正表達的內容。對比常用unlike,differentfrom,until,notsomuchas等詞語引導，考的是對比雙方的屬性。對轉折題，我們要著重把握作者轉折後的觀點。對於文章中出現的將兩種人或兩種觀點進行對比時，我們要準確把握每一種的特點，避免被張冠李戴的選項迷惑。
5.因果句
(1)出這類題時,文章中一般都since,for,because,as,therefore,resultin,originatefrom這些標誌詞。沒有標誌詞的就需要通過上下文推出二者的因果關係。
(2)當有多種原因時，主要原因常考。
6.段首段尾常考
考點一般是段首句的總覽全域性，段尾句的提煉、理解，或者段首段尾相呼應表達的文章主題。
7.類比比喻
議論文和說明文在論證說明事理的時候均很抽象。
為了讓讀者更形象地理解一些抽象的內容，文章常採用類比的手法。形象的類比不僅有助於將抽象的道理闡釋清楚，更可以讓讀者加深印象。類比在文中有兩種體現方式，一是明喻，即A像B一樣;二是暗喻，說A是B，由於暗喻更加隱蔽，近年來命題專家越來越趨向於在暗喻內容上設問。
8.復指處
考點是復指代詞或與復指副詞作用相同的詞。1996以前此類題目大多是直接問考生文章某句中的it或that指代什麼。近幾年此類題目的問法開始轉向隱蔽。我們在遇到此類題時應該記住，題目的答案所在位置必定在復指詞的上文中。因此，只需返回原文，在復指詞上方掃描即可找到正確答案。
考研英語作文結尾例句的盤點1.總結性句型
Based on the above reasons, I firmly believe that China will experience a stage of continuous, steady and healthy expansion in the coming years. In the long run, it is evident that China will become much stronger, and the Chinese will live a better life than ever.
A lesson that we can draw from this example is quite obvious. Honesty is crucial for the survival of an enterprise. Only with honesty can the enterprise set up a good image, thus win the trust of the clients.
In one word, protecting natural resources is the same as protecting our mankind.
All in all, I think borrowing money from a friend can hurt the friendship. It creates more problems than it solves.
It is only when people become the masters of the country that science can serve the people.
From what I have discussed above, we may safely arrive at/reach/ come to/draw the conclusion that…
Judging from all the evidence offered, we may suggest that…
All the above facts goes to show that …
In general / In summary /In conclusion / In a word / In short/ In brief/ In conclusion/ To conclude…
Finally/ Lastly / Last but not the least …
2.建設性句型
To solve this problem, a combined effort is really very necessary. First, factories should try all means to clean the polluted water and gas before such waste stuff flow into the river or emit into the air. Second, each government should make effective laws to punish various illegal conducts that are potentially harmful to the environment. Last but not the least, anyone of us has good reason to take actions for the restoration of the beauty of our globe.
To eradicate this tumor of society, two measures might be involved/have to be taken immediately. For one thing, we should appeal to our government to make rigid laws to punish the briber and the bribed. For another, we ought to enhance their sense of serving people, not mastering people.
To improve college entrance examination system, I suggest the following steps.
The best way to solve this problem I think is to give young people opportunities to do things independently.
My suggestion is that more people from all walks of life should be encouraged to finance the Project with
their deeper love and stronger sense of responsibility for these children. And I am sure that the Project Hope will be meeting with hearty and generous response.
There is no immediate solution to the problem of …, but … might be helpful / beneficial.
It is, therefore, evident that the task of … requires immediate attention.
The general awareness of the necessity and importance of ... might be the first step to solve this problem.
It is urgent/ important/ necessary that appropriate/effective/rapid measures/steps/method should be taken to …
3.號召性句型
It is high time that parents, educators and the government made combined efforts to put an end to this situation.
It is high time that broadcasters provided public messages on TV screens that would warn viewers about the potentially harmful effects of viewing televised violence.
From now on, let us take actions to heal our globe, and clean up our environment! Some day, peoples in all nations will be enveloped with the blue sky and green lands.
It is prime time that we put considerable / great/ special emphasis on …
4.警示性句型
As the issue of census plays such an important role both in our society and life, due attention should be paid from the general public as well as the government.
Our society is no longer prepared to tolerate unnecessary cruelty to animals for science and entertainment. If we continue our crimes against these creatures, we will be remembered as cruel and inhuman by the generations of the future.
Not surprisingly … demands/ requires/ deserves immediate/ serious attention/ consideration.
5.展望性句型
Just imagine how great the world would be if only we would have greater concern for our fellowmen.
I firmly believe that the relationship between people will be harmonious and our society will be a better place for us to live in.
I believe a happy and bright future is awaiting us if we make every effort to promote cultural development both nationally and internationally.
Undoubtedly/ Obviously/ Consequently/ Clearly, … is valuable/ worthwile for …
6.觀點性句型
As far as I am concerned, I hate the terrible dirt and noise in the city. So, given the chance, I would prefer to live peacefully in the country.
In my opinion, the real implication of the author is that …
Personally, I prefer to …
In my point of view, I think …
From my personal point of view, I agree with the opinion that …
