想要學好英語怎麼能不知道分詞複合結構呢?下面就讓小編為大家詳解一下吧。
某些分詞獨立結構由介詞with或without引出，形式是：
with(或without)+名詞+分詞
這種結構在英語中稱為“分詞複合結構”。它在句中可作定語和狀語，在科技文章中這種結構經常用來作為補充說明。
(1)The sun is a huge ball of gas, with the linear diameter of its “apparent disk” being 864,000 miles. 太陽是一個巨大的球狀氣團，它那“明亮的圓盤”的直徑為864，000英里。(作定語，說明ball)。
(2)The density of air varies directly as pressure, with temperature being constant. 若溫度不變，則空氣密度的變化與壓力乘正比。
(3)Maxwell pointed out that an object may be hot without the motion in it being visible. 麥克斯維爾指出，即使看不見物體內部德分子運動，物體也可能是熱的。(讓步)
(4)If something is moving, with nothing touching it, it will go on forever, coasting at a uniform speed in a straight line. 正在運動的某一物體，如果沒有受到任何外力的出動，它將永遠繼續作勻速直線運動。(條件)
(5)Ice, of relative density 0.9, floats in water with nine-tenth submerged. 冰的比重為0.9， 它浮在水面上時，10分之9淹沒在水裡。(方式方法)
(6)An atom of oxygen has 8 protons and 8 neutrons in its nucleus, with 8 electrons circling about that nucleus. 一個氧原子在其原子核內有八個質子和八個中子，還有八個電子繞著原子核旋轉。(附加說明)
分詞及分詞短語用法之練習部分：
(1)On the principle of the conservation of energy, the heat lost must be equal to the heat gained. 根據能量守恆定律，損失的熱量必然等於所得到德熱量。(lost和gained都是單獨的過去分詞，作定語，說明heat)。
(2)Average velocity may be defined as the distance traveled divided by the time of travel. 平均速度可定義為通過的距離除以運動所需的時間。(define…as…,“把…定義為…”。過去分詞traveled作定語，說明distance，分詞短語divided…travel也是說明distance的定語成分。)
(3)The kilogramme-calorie is the heat required to raise one kilogramme of water through one degree centigrade. 把1千克水升高攝氏1度所需的熱量為1千卡。(過去分詞短語required…centigrade作定語，說明heat.介詞短語through…centrigrade是raise要求的狀語。)
(4)Particles bearing like charges tend to repel one another, whereas particles bearing unlike charges tend to attract one another. 帶有相同電荷的粒子相互排斥，而帶有不同電荷的粒子則相互吸引。(bearing like charges和bearing unlike charge均為現在分詞短語，作定語，修飾particles.)
(5)When a body loses some of its electons, the total of negative charges left in it is less than the positive charge.當一個物體失去一些電子時，該物體中剩下的負電荷就少於正電荷。(left in it是過去分詞短語，作定語，修飾是leave的過去分詞。)
(6)The distance passed over by a body in uniform motion is equal to the velocity multiplied by the time. 一個物體勻速通過的距離等於速度乘以時間。(過去分詞短語passed…motion作定語，修飾distance.過去分詞短語multiplied…time作定語，修飾velocity.)
(7)In any machine, because of the effect of friction, the useful work done by the machine is always less than the wok done on the machine. 在任何一臺機器中，由於摩擦的影響，及其所作的有效功總是小於對及其所作的功。(done by the machine，和done on the machine均為過去分詞短語，作定語，分別修飾work.)
(8)The average power is the work performed divided by the time required for the performance. 平均功率等於所作的功除以做功所需的'時間。(單個分詞performed修飾ded…performance 是過去分詞短語作定語，也修飾ired…performance 是過去分詞短語，作定語，修飾time.)
(9)Chemistry is one of the natural sciences which treats of the world around us, its wealth of different forms and the diversity of phenomena taking place in it. 化學是研究我們周圍的物質世界、研究各種物質的不同形式以及世界上發生各種現象的差異的一門自然科學。(現在分詞短語taking place in it在句中作定語，修飾 place，“發生”。A wealth of …，“大量”)
(10)The wave length of the light given out by b given source depends upon the orbital changes of the electrons which occur within the atoms constituting the substance which is emitting the light. 一定光源所發出的光，其波長取決於構成發光物質的原子內部的電子軌道的變化。(過去分詞短語given out…source作定語，修飾stituting…light是現在分詞短語作定語，修飾atoms.)
