對於定語從句關係詞用法大家掌握了嗎？以下範文是小編分享的定語從句關係詞用法，歡迎大家閱讀參考！
一、定語從句關係詞的用法與選擇
■關係詞的用法
關係詞分關係代詞和關係副詞.關係代詞主要有 that,who,whom,whose,which,as 等,其中who和whom 只用於指人,which和as 只用於指事物,whose和 that既可於指人也可用於指物,它們在定語從句可用作主語、賓語、表語或定語；關係副詞主要有when,where 和why,其中when表示時間,where表地點,why表原因,它們在定語從句中均用作狀語：
A plane is a machine that can fly.飛機是一種能飛行的機器.(that指物,在從句中用作主語)
I have forgotten everything that I learnt at school.我把學校學的所有東西都給忘了.(that指物,在從句中句作賓語)
The man who lives in that house is my uncle.住在那座房子裡的人是我叔叔.(who指人,在從句中作主語)
The house whose windows are broken is empty.破了窗戶的那座房子是空的.(whose指物,在從句中作定語)
There are some students whose questions I can’t answer.有些學生提出的問題我回答不了.(whose指人,在從句中作定語)
He is not such a fool as he looks.他並不像他看起來那麼傻.(as指人,在從句作表語)
■關係詞的選擇
選擇關係詞可考慮以下四點：
(1)一看先行詞的意義,即分清先行詞是指人、指物、時間、地點還是原因(如指物時不能用who或whom,指人時通常不用which等).
(2)二看關係詞的句能,即分清關係詞是擔任什麼句子成分,是作主語還是賓語、是作定語還是狀語等(如作定語通常用whose,有時也用which；作狀語要用when,where,why).
(3)三看定語從句的種類,即分清是限制性定語從句還是非限制性定語從句(如that和why通常不引導非限制性定語從句).
(4)四看文體,即分清是正式文體還是非正式文體,是書面語體還是口語體.
二、定語從句中關係副詞的用法
關係副詞，顧名思義，是聯絡先行詞和定語從句的詞，屬於副詞。定語從句中的關係副詞有三個：when, where和why，它們在定語從句中分別作時間、地點和原因狀語。其句法結構如下：
表時間的名詞 + when + 定語從句
when指時間，在定語從句中作時間狀語。
例句：I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing.
I’ll never forget the day when I joined the army.
表地點的名詞 + where + 定語從句
where指地點，在定語從句中作地點狀語。
例句：The factory where his father works is in the west of the city.
This is the house where I lived two years ago.
表原因的名詞reason + why + 定語從句(why只用於reason之後的限制性定語從句中,在定語從句中作原因狀語。)
例句：That is the reason why I did the job.(在現代英語中why可以省略)
上句也可以這樣表示：
That is the reason I did the job.
又如： This was the reason (why )we raised the temperature.
關係副詞在定語從句中的用法看似簡單，以下注意點不可忽視：
1）“when”、“where”和“why”的`運用取就於表時間的名詞、表地點的名詞和表原因的名詞reason在定語從句中所作的成分，比較下面的幾組句子：
*I will never forget the day when I first met you on the seashore.
*I will never forget the days which/that we spent together in Xueyao Middle School.
**This is the hospital where my mother works.
**This is the hospital which/that we visited the day before yesterday.
***The reason why he did not go to school is that he was ill.
***This is the reason which/that he gave his boss in the office .
2) “when”、“where”和“why”都可以替換成“介詞 + which”，介詞的選用取就於先行詞和定語從句中的動詞。例如：
Do you still remember the day on which we first met in Nantong?(on which=when)
This is the room in which we lived last year.(in which=where)
Do you know the reason for which he refused to go to Mary’s birthday party. (for which=why)
有時定語從句中介詞短語和動詞有意義緊密的修飾關係，尤其在非限制性定語從句中，常使用“介詞 + which”結構，而不使用關係副詞。例如：
My mother works in a factory, in front of which there is a small river.
At night the soldiers got to a small hill, at the foot of which stood a farmhouse.
3) 關係副詞“when”、“where”既可引導限制性定語從句，也可引導非限制性定語從句。
例如：I will always remember the day when I first visited the Great Wall.
He came to Shanghai in 1980, when he was only 12.
I don’t know the exact spot where they will meet.
Mr Wang will fly to Beijing, where he will stay for three months.
有時關係副詞“when”、“where”引導的限制性定語從句和先行詞有間隔的現象，是為了平衡句子的語法需要。
Do you remember one afternoon ten years ago when I came to your house and borrowed a diamond necklace?
The days are gone forever when the Chinese people used “foreign oil.”.
4) “that”可活用為關係副詞，相當於“when, where、why”和“介詞 + which”結構，尤其在“the time when”等結構中的“when”常被“that”代替，而且“that”往往省略。
I may leave here any time I want to.
During the time I was there I visited him twice.
This is my second time I have come to your country.
5) “which”有時可用作關係形容詞，這是“which”在非限制性定語從句中的特殊使用，如：
The doctor advised him to give up smoking, which advice he did not follow.
