為了大家更好地備考2017年職稱英語考試，yjbys網為大家提供了2017年職稱英語衛生類的試題相應練習。以下是完形填空專項練習題，大家可以多加練習。
練習一：
Taking a Nap During the Day
Medical experts say most Americans do not get 51 sleep. They say more Americans need to rest for a short period in the middle of the day. They are advising people to sleep lightly before 52 with other activities.
One study earlier this year found that persons who sleep for a few minutes during the day were less 53to die of heart disease. The study followed more than 2,300 Greek adults 54 about six years. Adults who rested for half an hour 55 three times a week had a 37 present lower risk of dying from heart disease than those who did not nap.
Study organizers said the strongest evidence was in working men. They said naps might improve 56 by mitigating tension caused by work.
Some European and Latin American businesses have supported the 57 of napping for many years. They urge people to 58 work, go home and have a nap before returning. In the United States, some companies let workers rest briefly in their offices. They believe this reduces 59 and accidents, and 60 increases the amount of work a person can do.
Sleep experts say it is likely that people make more mistakes at work than at other times. They say people should not carry out important duties when they feel 61 And they say the best thing to do is to take a nap. About twenty minutes of rest is 62 you need. Experts say this provides extra energy and can increase your effectiveness 63 the end of the day. But experts warn that a nap 64 last no more than twenty to thirty minutes. A longer nap will put the body into deep sleep and waking up will be 65
51
A sweet
B sound
C bad
D enough
52
A checking
B sharing
C continuing
D meeting
53
A lovely
B likely
C fondly
D finely
54
A for
B at
C in
D with
55
A at least
B at most
C at last
D at first
56
A ability
B health
C thinking
D life
57
A experiment
B reform
C idea
D way
58
A repeat
B improve
C change
D leave
59
A work
B mistakes
C energy
D time
60
A never
B seldom
C too
D also
61
A ready
B good
C sleepy
D awake
62
A all
B few
C any
D nothing
63
A unless
B while
C until
D during
64
A would
B may
C might
D should
65
A helpful
B difficult
C easy
D happy
答案與解析
51 D本段第二句說“more Americans need to rest for a short period in the middle of the day”，引導我們選擇(not)enough。因為睡眠不夠，才要中午“打個盹”。選項A：文不對題。選項B：bad(sleep)與上下文不符，因為通篇文章沒有提到過，中午打盹的原因上晚上沒有睡好。選項C：明顯不合乎邏輯。“由於沒有睡不好(即：晚上睡好了)，白天還要補睡一會兒”，於理說不通。所以，惟一合理的選擇是D。
52 C空格52所在句子的意思是：醫學專家建議人們在進行其它活動之前，最好小睡一會。四個選項中，只有continuing(選項C)最接近上述的理解。
53 B空格53所在的句子說的是“心臟病致死”的問題，lovely，fondly和finely分別表達“可愛”、“喜歡”和“美好”的意思，明顯不對。less likely是“可能性較低一些”的意思，選擇likely符合上下文的意思。本段最後一句說，成年人白天打盹半小時，一週三次，其心臟病致死的概率比不打盹的人要低37%。這更證實了選likely是正確的。
54 A本句的意思是，調查進行了六年。about six years之前要用表達一段時間的介詞for。介詞at和with明顯與about six years不搭配，而選項in(about six years)表達的是未來的時間，如：He will come to Beijing in one day or tw0.(他一、兩天之內會到北京。)
55 A at first和at last明顯與本句的意思不符。若選at most(最多)，本句的意思成了“成年人白天打盹半小時，一週不得超過三次，其心及髒病致死的概率比不打盹的人要低37%”，意思有點令人費解。改說成，“一週至少三次”才說得通。所以at least是答案。
56 B篇文章在闡述白天打盹有益於健康，選項B是答案。
57 C空格57所在的句子的意思是：多年來，歐洲和拉丁美洲的一些公司支援白天打盹的?(空格中填哪一個詞?)。很明顯，空格中填入experiment(試驗)或reform(改革)則離題太遠，而way(方式)肯定沒有idea(想法)好。C是答案。
58 D從上下文判斷，空格58的詞應該與“中止(work)”有關。四個選項中，只有leave合乎這一條件。而其它三個選項repeat(重複)、improve(改進)和change(改變)與後半旬的go home and have a nap搭不上。
59 B前面一句說，美國有些公司讓職員在辦公室打個盹，這樣可以減少些事故等。填入空格59的詞應該與accidents(事故)一樣，是一個負面意思的詞。mistakes(選項B)符合這個條件，是答案。reduce work/energy time都不合理。
60 D打個盹有兩個好處：1)可以減少錯誤和事故;2)可以增加工作效率。從上下文判斷，選also。too從詞義上說也可以，但用法上有問題，因為“…this…too increases the amount…”把too置於動詞increases之前很少見。never和seldom的意思與上下文不匹配。
61 C前半句說，“people should not carry out important duties…”，後半句自然會想到“when they feel sleepy”。而when they feel ready good happy都說不通。
62 A本句的意思是：大約20分鐘的打盹是你所需要的。所以，About twenty minutes of rest is few/any/nothing you need與上述意思不符，只有until(the end of the day)才說得通。
63 C前半句說，“(指打盹)”後面接不搭配，只有C才是答案。
64 D本句的意思是：專家警告說：打盹不能(或不應該)超過30分鐘。這題選should最合適。
65 B本句表達的意思應該是上一句“A longer nap will put the body into deep sleep”引出的結果。打盹時間長了，就會進入深睡狀態，很難醒過來。選difficult是合適的`，其它三個選項的意思脫離了上下文，不會是答案。
練習二：
An Intelligent Car
Driving needs sharp eyes,keen ears,quick brain,and coordination(協調)between hands and the human drivers have all(51)and can control a fast-moving how does an intelligent car control itself?
There is a virtual(虛擬的)driver in the smart virtual driver has"eyes,""brains,""hands"and"feet," minicameras(52)each side of the car are his"eyes,"which(53)the road conditions ahead of watch the(54)to the car's left and e is also a highly automatic driving(55)in the is the built-in computer,which is the virtual driver's"brain."His"brain"(56)the speeds of other moving cars near it and analyzes their ng on this information,it chooses the(57)path for the intelligent car,and gives instructions to the "hands"and"feet"to act this way,the virtual driver(58)his car.
What is the virtual driver's best advantage?He reacts(59) minicameras are bringing(60)continuously to the "brain."It completes the processing of the images within 100 milliseconds.(61),the world's best driver needs at least one second to des,when he takes(62),he needs one more second.
The virtual driver is really can reduce the accident(63)considerably on expressways(高速公路) this(64),can we let him have the wheel at any time and in any place?Experts(65)that we cannot do that just ability to recognize things is still can now only drive an intelligent car on expressways.
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on em vity
ulates hes ers ces
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s s rols cts
kly erly ually ly
s ry es
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答案:
51.A 52.D 53.B 54.B 55.C
56.A 57.D 58.C 59.A 60.D
61.B 62.A 63.C 64.A 65.B
練習三：
Better Control of TB Seen If a Faster Cure Is Found
The World Health Organization1 estimates that about one-third of all people are infected with bacteria that cause tuberculosis. Most times, the infection remains inactive. But each year about eight million people develop active cases of TB, usually in their 1 million people die 2 it. The disease has 3 with the spread of AIDS and drug-resistant forms of tuberculosis.
Current treatments take at least six months. Patients have to 4 a combination of several antibiotic drugs daily. But many people stop 5 they feel better. Doing that can 6 to an infection that resists treatment. Public health experts agree that a faster-acting cure for tuberculosis would be more effective. Now a study estimates just how 7 it might be. A professor of international health at Harvard University2 led the study. Joshua Salomon says a shorter treatment program would likely mean not just more patients would also mean 9 infectious patients who can pass on their infection to others.
The researchers developed a mathematical model to examine the effects of a two-month treatment plan. They 10 the model with current TB conditions in Southeast Asia. The scientists found that a two-month treatment could prevent about twenty percent of new cases. And it might 11 about twenty-five percent of TB deaths. The model shows that these 12 would take place between two thousand twelve and two thousand thirty. That is, if a faster cure is developed and in wide use by two thousand twelve.
The World Health Organization 13 the DOTS3 program in nineteen ninety. DOTS is Directly Observed Treatment, Short-course. Health workers watch tuberculosis patients take their daily pills to make 14 they continue treatment.
Earlier this year, an international partnership of organizations announced a plan to expand the DOTS program. The ten-year plan also aims to finance research 15 new TB drugs. The four most common drugs used now are more than forty years old. The Global Alliance for TB Drug Development4 says its long-term goal is a treatment that could work in as few as ten doses.
註釋：
d Health Organization (WHO):世界衛生組織
ard University ( = Harvard)：(美國)哈佛大學
(Directly Observed Treatment, Short-course):短期直接觀察治療
al Alliance for TB Drug Development:全球結核病藥物開發聯盟
練習：
1. A. kidneys B. lungs C. bones D. livers
2. A. with B. without C. of D. out of
3. A. increased B. decreased C. changed D. disappeared
4. A. make B. take C. try D. test
5. A. as if B. as though C. as far as D. as soon as
6. A. refer B. apply C. lead D. amount
7. A. effective B. ineffective C. expensive D. inexpensive
8. A. cured B. to cure C. being cured D. having been cured
9. A. many B. more C. few D. fewer
10.A. provided B. introduced C. tested D. tempted
11.A. bring about B. contributed to C. promote D. prevent
12.A. increases B. reductions C. creations D. collections
13.A. developed B. invented C. delayed D. refused
14. A. easy B. uneasy C. sure D. unsure
15. A. with B. to C. onto D. into
答案與題解：
1.B結核病多發於肺部,這是一般的常識。
2. C die of意思是“死於某種疾病”，其他三個介詞都不與die搭配。
3.A本句後半部說到艾滋病的傳播和抗藥型結核病的出現,那麼根據推理,結核病自然應該增加,而不可能“減少”或“消失”。至於“變化”,不應該是結核病本身發生變化,而應該是發病率發生變化。
4.B從本句的前後句可以推測到本句想說的是“病人每天必須服用幾種抗生素藥物”，而服藥只能選擇take,其他幾個動詞都不合適。
5.D答題時請注意句首的But這個詞,顯然與上句意思發生轉折,而四個選項中as if、as though都是“彷彿,宛如”的意思，as far as則是“至於……,就……而言”的意思,填在這裡均不合適,只有as soon as (“一……就……”)才恰當。
6. C本空白處後面有介詞to,雖然這幾個選項均可與to連用,但意思各不相同:refer to:“談及”，“參考”;apply to:“接洽”，“適用於”;lead to:“導致”;amount to:“合計,總共達……”，只有選擇lead才能使本句意思完整、準確。
7.A只要用心注意上面那句話就可以很容易地找到答案,顯然本句想說“現在有一項新的研究想評估這種速效治療劑究竟效力有多大”。
8. A本句考查的是語法。根據所給的動詞,我們可以猜到本句想說的是“Joshua Salomon 說,療程較短的治療計劃可能意味著不僅僅是更多病人被治好”。這裡從語法分析,應該是缺一個定語修飾patients。cure是一個及物動詞,病人應是被治療者。B項to cure不能表示被動;C和D雖然有表示被動的意思,但是C是“正在被治療”，D是“已經被治療”，二者隱含的時態在這裡均不合適,只有A才是恰當的。
9.D前句說到更多病人可以被治癒,根據推理,後句應該是“將感染傳遞給別人的傳染病人就會更少”，因為前後兩句實際上具有因果關係。這裡必須用比較級fewer,因為few是表示“不多的,幾乎沒有的”(=not many),而fewer則只是與以前比較“更少”，並沒有明確多少。
10.C只有填C項tested (“檢驗”)才能符合上下文意思,其他三項不僅詞義不合適,詞的用法也不對。
11.D空白處的上一句實際上起到提示作用兩個月的治療方案可以防止大約20%的新病例”，後句自然應是“也可能防止大約20%的結核病死亡”。其他三個選項詞義均相反。
12.B上面兩句說到“可以防止大約20%的新病例和可能防止大約20%的死亡”，這自然是“降低”，絕不可能是“增加”,更不是“創作品”、“收藏品”。
13.A空白處的上一句實際上也起到提示作用,可以推測,本句應該是“制訂DOTS計劃”，而四個選項中只有A項有“制訂”的意思,計劃也不可能是“發明”，從上下文分析,更不可能是“推遲”或“拒絕”。
14.C DOTS計劃土中就包含“直接觀察”的意思,本句中也說到“衛生工作者監督結核病人每天服藥”，目的自然是要“確信他們繼續治療”,C項make sure正是“確信”的意思。
15.D research 後面常用on 或into,偶爾也用for 或after,例如:a research for/after facts (對事實的調查)，但不與其他三個選項連用。
譯文：第一篇 找到速效治療可以更好控制結核病
世界衛生組織估計全球大約三分之一的人感染類導致結核病的病菌。大多數時候，這種感染是不活躍的。但是每年大約有800萬結核病病例，通常是在肺部。200萬人因此喪命。結核病發病率由於艾滋病的傳播和抗藥型結核病的出現而增加。
目前的治療至少需要6個月。患病者不得不每日服用多種抗生素藥品。許多人在稍感舒適後就停止使用藥品，這麼做可能導致抗藥性感染。公共衛生專家一致認為針對結核病的速效治療劑將會更加有效果。現在有一項研究評估這種速效治療劑究竟效力有多大。這項研究由美國哈佛大學國際衛生方面的教授率領。Joshua Salomon說，療程較短的治療計劃可能不僅僅意味著更多病人被治好，也意味著將感染傳給別人的病人會更少。
研究者們設計類一個數學模型來檢測兩個月治療計劃的效果。他們以東南亞目前的結核病情況來檢驗這個模型。科學家們發現兩個月的治療可以防止大約20%的新病例，也可能防止大約25%因結核病引起的死亡。這個模型表明，如果速效治療可以在2012年前研發出來並大規模使用的話，減少結核病例在2012年到2030年間就可以實現。
世界衛生組織在1990年制訂類DOTS計劃，DOTS意指短期直接觀察治療。衛生工作者監督結核病人每天服藥，以確信他們繼續治療。
今年年初，一個國際組織同盟宣佈類一項擴大DOTS的計劃。這個十年計劃也旨在自助新結核藥品的研究。現在四種最常用的藥品也有四十多年的歷史類。全球結核病藥物開發聯盟宣稱它的長期目標是找到一種治療方法，可以通過十次劑量就有效果。
