1. It’s been proved to limit the number of defects in embryos, and a recent trial found that folate in combination with vitamin B 12 and a form of B6 also decreases the re-blockage of arteries after surgical repair. (2003. 閱讀. 12. Text 1)
【譯文】維他命已被證明能夠減少胚胎的缺陷，並且最新試驗證明葉酸和維生素B12以及B16的一種一起服用也能降低手術修復後動脈血管堵塞的可能性。
【析句】主句由and連線兩個並列句，首先是It's been provedto limit the number of defects in embryos, it作形式主語，真正的主語是後面的不定式結構，然後是a recent trialfound+賓語從句that folate in combination eases the re-blockage of..., 注意in combinationwith用在句子中，謂語動詞的單複數看前面的名詞。
2. At some point, while researchers work on figuring out where the truth lies, it just makes sense to say the potential benefit outweighs the cost.(2003. 閱讀. 12. Text 1)
【譯文】在某種程度上，儘管研究者們仍在努力研究意圖發現維他命所起效果的真相，但是維他命對人體可能有的益處物超所值這種說法是有道理的。
【析句】複合句。主句it makes sense to say, 後面是省略了that的賓語從句the potential benefit outweighs the cost.主句前，while引導讓步狀語從句，figuring out後where the truth lies作賓語從句
3. There were various views about what constitutes it, but there was agreement that such an essence exists—that is to say, that there is something by virtue of which man is man. (2003. 閱讀. 12. Text 3)
【譯文】關於人性是由什麼組成的，人們眾說紛紜，但是人們一致同意，人性中存在著某種本質，正是這種本質特性是人之所以為人的原因。
【析句】主句由but連線的兩個成轉折關係的並列句構成。前句是There were various views about+賓語從句，簡單句。後句主句there was agreement, that such an essence exists，that there issomething同作agreement的同位語從句，兩個並列的同位語從句間，that is to say作插入語。by virtue of which man is man在後一同位語從句中作定語從句修飾something.
4. Politiciansremind their voters of the splendid machines ‘our scientists’ have invented,the new drugs to relieve old ailments , and the new surgical equipment and techniques by which previously intractable conditions may now betreated and lives saved. (2005. 閱讀. 12. Text 3)
【譯文】政客們提醒他們的擁護者，別忘了“我們的科學們”已經發明出精巧的機器，研究出消除病痛的新型藥物和能治療曾經的不治之症，挽救生命的新型醫療裝置和技術。
【析句】複合句。主句Politicians remind their voters of the splendid machines...,the new drugs...,and the new surgical equipment and techniques，用到了短語remind sb of sth，其中of後有三個並列的名詞賓語，中心詞是machines,drugs和equipment and techiniques，每個賓語後都有定語成分修飾，machines後是省略了引導詞that的定語從句our scientists have invented,drugs後有不定式to relieve old ailments作定語，最後by which引導定語從句修飾he new surgical equipment and techniques.
havereservations, but keep them to themselves in what they perceive as a climate hostile to the pursuit of understanding for its own sake and the idea of an inquiring, creative spirit. (2005. 閱讀. 12. Text 3)
【譯文】許多科學家有不同意見，但在一個不利於追求真知和探究型創新精神的環境下，他們選擇了有所保留。
【析句】主句Many have reservations, but keep them to themselves in..., 由but連線兩個並列句，in後what they perceive as a climate...是in的賓語從句。而hostile to the pursuit of the idea of...是形容詞作定語修飾a climate.
questions theintegrity of individuals working in a profession that prizes intellectual honesty as the supreme virtue, and plays into the hands of those who would liketo discredit scientists by representing then a venal. (2005. 閱讀. 12. Text 3)
【譯文】它質疑了一個人在一個把學術誠信作為最重要品質的專業領域內的誠信度，最終落入被那些想要藉此汙衊科學家從而購買其成果的人手中。
【析句】複合句。主句It questions the integrity of individuals，and plays into the hands of those..., 由and連線兩個並列句構成。前半句中，working in aprofession是現在分詞作定語修飾individual，而profession後又有that引導的定語從句修飾;而後半句中，who would like to discredit scientists...是those的定語從句。
7. The fundamental problem of American democracy in the 21st century is the problem of "structural racism", the deep patterns of socio-economic inequality and accumulated disadvantage that are coded by race, and constantly justified in public speeches by both racist stereo types and white indifference.(2006. 閱讀. 6. Text 4)
【譯文】21世紀美國民主最基本的問題是“結構性種族主義”，即社會經濟不公平的深層模式的和長久以來積累的種族劣勢，並不斷在種族主義分子和冷漠的`白人們的公共演講鼓吹下正義化。
【析句】複合句。主句The fundamental problem is the problem of "structural racism",後面部份的中心詞是the deep patterns of socio-economic inequality and accumulated disavantage...作structural racism的同位語，而disavantage後有定語從句that are justified...修飾。
8. It is, more important, an educational campaign to highlight the contemporary reality of “racial deficits” of all kinds, the unequal conditions that impact blacks regardless of class. (2006. 閱讀. 6. Text 4)
【譯文】更重要的是，這是一項教育活動，旨在強調當代存在的各種“種族赤字”，即不公平的環境影響了各階層的黑人。
【析句】主句是It is an educational campaign to highlight the contemporary reality of..., 其中，it在這裡是真正的主語，替代前文中的內容。to highlight...是不定式作目的狀語。the uneaual conditions作racial deficits的同位語，後有有that引導的定語從句修飾。
9. Structural racism’s barriers include “equity inequity.” the absence of black capital for mation that is a direct consequence of America’s history.(2006. 閱讀. 6. Text 4)
【譯文】結構性種族主義的障礙包括“權益的不公”，即黑人基礎資金匱乏，這是由美國歷史問題直接導致的結果。
【析句】本期的三個例句中都使用了主句+同位語+定語從句的結構。主句是Structural racism's barriers include...，include後兩個名詞賓語，後一個是the absence of black capital formation，that is a direct consequence of...作定語從句。
