在不斷的練習中更總結出考試出題規律，是練習的意義所在。下面是小編整理的公共英語五級閱讀題訓練，希望對大家有用，更多訊息請關注應屆畢業生網。
Answer Questions 71 -80 by referring to the following book reviews.
Note: Answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D and mark it on ANSWER SHEET 1. Some choicesmay be required more than once.
A = BOOK REVIEW 1B = BOOK REVIEW 2
C = BOOK REVIEW 3D = BOOK REVIEW 4
Which book review(s) contain(s) the following information?
The main point of the book is simple : globalization is not helping many poor countries. Incomes are not ris- ing in much of the world, and adoption of market-based policies such as open capital markets, free trade.
and privatization are makirlg developing economies less stable, not more. Instead of a bigger dose of free markets, Stiglitz argues, what' s needed to make globalization work better is more and smarter government intervention. While this has 'been said before, the ideas carry more weight coming from someone With Stiglitz's credentials. In some ways, this book ha—— the potential to be the liberal equivalent of Milton Friedman'S 1962 classic Capitalism and Freedom, which helped provide the intellectual foundafion for a generation of conservatives. But Giobalization and Its Discontents does not rise to the level of capitalism and freedom. While Stiglitz makes a strong case for govern- ment-oriented development policy, he ignores some key arguments in favor of the market. "The book' s main villain is the International Monetary Fund, the Washington organization that lends to troubled countries", Stiglitz' con- tempt for the IMF is boundless, "It is clear that the IMF has failed in its mission, " he declares. "Many of the poli- cies that the IMF pushed have contributed to global instability. "
While parts of this book are disappointingly shallow, Stiglitz' s critique of the market-driven 90' s s011 reso- hates; especially when the business page is full of stories about white-collar crime and the stock market
seems stuck in a perpetual rut. Even the United States cannot blithely assume that financial markets will work on au- topilot. It is testament to the salience of Stiglitz' s arguments that many economists--even some Bush Administration officials--now embrace his view that economic change in the developing word must evolve more with local condi- tions, not on Washington' s calendar. Without a thorough makeover, globalization could easily become a quagmire. Stiglitz shared a Nobel Prize last year for his work analyzing the imperfections of markets. His main c——omplaint a- gainst Rubin and Summers, who served as Treasury Secretaries, and against Fischer, the NO. 2 official and de facto chief executive of the international Monetary Fund, is that they had too much faith that markets could transform poor countries overnight. He labels these three men market fundamentalists, who fought tO maintain financial stability with the same urgency that an earlier generation struggled to contain communism. Worse, he suggests, they shilled for Wall Street, conflating the interests of the big banks with the financial health of the world.
"Stiglitz, 58, is hardly the first person to accuse the IMF of operating undemocratically and exacerbating T——ird World poverty. But he is by far the most prominent and his emergence as a critic marks an important
shift in the intellectual landscape. Only a few years ago, it was possible for pundits to claim that no mainstream e- conomist, certainly nobody of Stiglitz' s stature, took the criticism of free trade and globalization seriously. Such
claims are no longer credible, for Stiglitz is part of a small but growing group Of economists, sociologists and poliO- cal scientists, among them Dani Rodrik of Harvard and Robert Wade of the London School of Economics, who not
only take the critics seriously but warn that ignoring their concerns could have dire consequences. " Over the past several years, Stiglitz, a celebrated theorist who was awarded the 2001 Nobel Prize in economics for his work on asymmetric information, has grown accustomed to being at the center of controversy. From 1997 to 2000, he served as senior vice president and chief economist at the Word Bank--a tire that did not stop him from publicly criticizing the bank' s sister institution, the International Monetary Fund, Stiglitz' s outspokenness, unprecedented for a high- ranking insider, infuriated top officials at the IMF and US Treasury Department, and eventually led James Wolfen- sohn, the World Bank' s president, to inform him that he would have to mute his criticism or resign, Stiglitz chose to leave.
"Stiglitz' book makes a compelling case that simple-minded economic doctrine, inadequately tailored to the realities of developing countries, can do more harm than good, and that the subtleties of economic theory are actually quite important for sound policy advice, But simplistic political advice--give developing countries more voice and the institutions of global governance will be rendered more legitimate and efficient--is equally problemat- ic. Political reform is as subtle lex as economic reform. Evidently, the minds among us have only be- gun to think about it. " Joseph Stiglitz' s memoirs of his years in Washington, D. C. --first as chair of President blill Clinton' s Council of Economic Advisers and then as chief economist at the World Bank--have the flavor of a morality play: Our goodhearted but slightly native hero, on leave from Stanford University, sets out for the nation'
capital to serve his country and improve the lot of the developing world. Once there he finds a morass of political opportunism, ideologically motivated decision-making and bureaucratic inertia. Undeterred, he battles valiantly on behalf of impoverished nations against the unrelenting globalisers of the International Monetary Fund.
短文賞析
A
書評一講的是經濟學家Sdglitz的《全球化和問題》的主要觀點並與Friedman的《資本主義和自由》進行比較，Stiglitz認為全球化對落後國家並沒有什麼幫助。採取市場經濟、自由貿易等政策只會使經濟越來越不穩定。使全球化更好的發揮作用的辦法是政府的干涉。該書主要是對國際貨幣基金組織的批判。他對IMF無比鄙視，認為國際貨幣基金組織推出的政策只會導致全球不穩定。
B
書評二是有關Stiglitz對其他三位經濟學家的批判，Rubin，Summers和Fischer都過於看好市場經濟的力量。儘管Stiglitz的書中有些部分也很膚淺，但是他對市場驅動的批評仍然迴盪在人們心中，特別是當90年代有關商業的報紙都登滿了白領犯罪和股市不景氣的資訊，這些都證明了市場驅動下的政策的不利影響。該書認為市場經濟的作用也必須與當地的經濟發展狀況相協調。否則的話，全球化很容易就變為泥潭。
C
書評三是有關Stiglitz成就的資訊。他雖然不是最早對IMF提出批評的人，但是到目前為止是該領域最傑出的人物。他作為一個批評家的出現標誌著知識分子領域的一個重要轉變。前些年經濟學家們都沒有人像Stightz這樣重視自由貿易和全球化。是他開創了這一先河，但是現在越來越多的經濟學家開始關注這一問題。2001年，他因為發表不對稱理論獲得諾貝爾獎。自那之後也開始習慣了別人對他爭議的看法。他的直言不諱激怒了IMF和美國財政部的許多官員，使世界銀行的總裁都很無奈地告訴他，他必須停止他的批判或者辭職。Stiglitz選擇了離職。
D
書評四講的是Stiglitz書籍的影響力以及他決心致力於發展中國家的`發展問題。那些頭腦簡單，認為應該給予發達國家更多的權力和發言權的愚蠢想法，只會帶來更多的危害。政治改革和經濟改革一樣複雜。很顯然我們的心地善良的英雄，離開斯坦福大學，打算為發展中國家的發展事業而奮鬥。
答案及解析
71.A【解析】“Comparison of the significance of two economic books”含有對兩本經濟書的對比資訊的，我們可以看出四個書評中只有A中提到了兩本書之間的關係。所以本題應選A。
72.C【解析】Stiglitz在經濟學領域享有的盛譽，C中“the most promi-nent and his emergence”。“a celebrated theorist who was awarded the 2001 Nobel Prize...”等詞都可以看出他的傑出貢獻。所以本題應選C。
73.B 【解析】書評二中最後幾句話提到了Stiglitz對Rubin and Sum—meFs，Fischer，the N0.2 0fficial and de facto chief executive of the IMF的批評，“…they had too much筋th that markets could trans—form poor countries labels these three men market fun—damentalists”都可以看出題目中包含的資訊。所以本題應選B。
74.B【解析】書評二中提到許多經濟學家，甚至布什政府的官員都贊成Stiglitz的論點，認為“economic change in the developing world must evolve more with local conditions”。所以本題應選B。
75.A【解析】書評一中“Stiglitz argues，what’s needed to make globaliza-tion work better is more and smarter government intervention.”這句話我們可以看出。所以本題應選A。
76.D【解析】Stiglitz打算致力於發展中國家的發展是在書評四中提到的，書評四最後幾句“…sets out for the nation’S capital to serve his country and improve the lot of the developing world.”他打算改善發展中國家人民的命運。所以本題應選D。
77.A 【解析】書評一中提到Stiglitz更主張政府參與下的經濟政策，而不是以市場為主導的政策。所以本題應選A。
78.c【解析】越來越多的人贊成Stiglitz的觀點，批評自由貿易和全球化，從“Such claims are no longer Stiglitz is part of a small but growing group of economists，sociologists and political sci-entists…”9rowing一詞可以看出答案。所以本題應選C。
79.B【解析】有關商業方面的報道都是對Stiglitz的論點的支援資訊。“cially when the business page is full of stories about white—collar crime and the stock market seems stuck in a perpetual rut..."所以本題應選B。
80.D【解析】書評一中的“…he ignores some key arguments in favor of the market...”，書評二中的“While parts of this book are disap. pointingly shallow…”，書評三種的“stiglitz，58，is hardly the first person to accuse the IMF…”都有提到Stiglitz的一些負面的訊息。所以本題應選D。
