當前位置:才華齋>英語>等級考試>

英語四級改錯題考點:謂語動詞

等級考試 閱讀(2.96W)

謂語動詞指在句子中充當謂語的動詞,有行為動詞,系動詞,情態動詞和助動詞等幾種,其中行為動詞又包括及物動詞和不及物動詞。 謂語動詞是與非謂語動詞相對應的概念.兩者都是動詞,但是前者是作謂語成分,後者不能作謂語成分.而謂語成分就是用來說明主語的動作或狀態的,一般由動詞或短語動詞承擔.

英語四級改錯題考點:謂語動詞

  一、 謂語動詞的主謂一致

①、主謂分割原則

例1:To the citizens of the United States, the bald eagle,

A

America's national bird, symbolize strength and freedom.

B      C      D

分析:C錯,應改為symbolizes。主語謂語用逗號分割開,主語the bald eagle為單數,謂語動詞也應該用單數形式。

②、與後者一致原則

not…but, 強調but後面的名詞,

not only…but also

③、與前者一致原則

名詞+with/together with/as well as/including+複數名詞,謂語用is,

中心詞在前面,謂語動詞應該與前面的名詞保持一致

例:The athlete, together with his coach and

A      B  C

several relatives, are traveling to the Olympic Games.

D

分析:D錯,與謂語動詞與the athlete 保持一致,改為is

④、就近原則

or, either…or, neither…nor,

單數名詞+or+複數名詞+are

如果把句子變為一般疑問句,也就是把be動詞提到前面,那麼變為is

所以注意一點: 如果是陳述句,靠後面近,用複數

如果是疑問句,靠前面近,用單數

例:The structure or behavior of many protozoans are

A      B

amazingly complex for single-celled animals.

C              D

分析:A錯,應改為and。從謂語動詞是複數形式判斷,主語應該為複數,or連線兩個名詞時動詞和後面的名詞保持一致,behavior是用單數形式,因此只有改為並列連詞and才能使主謂在數上保持一致。

⑤定語從句主語就近原則

There are five apples that are red.

apples是複數,因此從句謂語動詞是複數。

例:A rocket burns propellant rapidly and most rockets

A

carry a supply that last just a few seconds.

B   C    D

分析:D錯,應改為lasts。從句的邏輯主語a supply為單數,其謂語動詞應為單數形式。

⑥the +形容詞主謂一致

The rich are not always happier than the poor.

The rich 表示一類人,應該用複數

⑦、倒裝句的主謂一致

改錯題倒裝句的主謂一致一般考兩種情況:

a. there be 句型

there be+名詞+名詞,那麼最近的名詞決定其形式

b. between/ among 放在句首+be+名詞,名詞其實是主語,所以be和名詞保持一致

例:There are no known society in which left-handed people predominate.

A     B      C    D

分析:there be 句型由最近的名詞決定其形式,society當然用單數,A錯,there are 改為there is

例:Between the foothills of the Andes and the Pacific

A     B

Ocean are a dry coastal strip averaging about 30

C

miles in width.

D

分析:倒裝句,are改為is

例:Among the favorite attractions at the National Air and

A    B       C

Space Museum in Washington D.C. are the film

D

presented on the five-story-tall screen.

分析:D錯,應改為films , 主語實際上是名詞,應該與謂語動詞保持一致。

⑧、百分比結構的主謂一致

fifty percent of + 名詞

one percent of + 名詞

謂語動詞的形式和百分比多少沒有關係,主要取決於後面的名詞,比如:

one percent of my students + are

fifty percent of my time is spent on working.

這裡要強調兩個結構

half of =fifty percent

most of + 可數名詞 + are

most of + 不可數名詞+ is

例:Nearly half of the ancient meteor craters has been

A       B         C

found in central and eastern Canada.

D

分析:C錯,應改為have been。介詞of的賓語為複數名詞短語,作主語的.中心詞half當然表複數,相應的謂語動詞應為複數形式。

例:Approximately fifty percent of the package utilized

A   B

in the United States are for foods and beverages.

C     D

分析:A錯,應改為packages。從謂語動詞用複數形式判斷出主語是複數名詞。注意food用複數表示不同種類的食品,beverage用複數表示不同種類的飲料,故(C)、(D)均沒有錯

  二、謂語動詞的時態

①、主要考察時間狀語

例 The metal aluminum has been first isolated early in the nineteenth century.

A        B  C     D

分析:Metal, aluminum同位語,in the nineteenth century為明顯表示過去時間的狀語, 因此應該用過去時態,把has been改為was