七八天以前我曾對一個初次見面的朋友說：“在朋友們面前我只感到慚愧。你們待我太好了，我簡直沒法報答你們。”這並不是謙虛的客氣話，這是真的事實。下面是小編分享的英譯散《朋友》賞析，歡迎大家閱讀!
朋友
Friends
巴金
Ba Jin
這一次的旅行使我更瞭解一個名詞的意義，這個名詞就是：朋友。
七八天以前我曾對一個初次見面的朋友說：“在朋友們面前我只感到慚愧。你們待我太好了，我簡直沒法報答你們。”這並不是謙虛的客氣話，這是真的事實。說過這些話，我第二天就離開了那個朋友，並不知道以後還有沒有機會再見他。但是他給我的那一點點溫暖至今還使我的心顫動。
On my recent travels, I came to realize still more fully the significance of the word “friend”.
Seven or eight days ago, I said to a friend whom I had just come to know, “I can’t help feeling embarrassed before my friends. You’re all so nice to me. I simply don’t know how to repay your kindness.” I did not make this remark out of mere modesty and courtesy. I truly meant what I said. The next day, I said goodbye to this friend, not knowing if I could ever see him again. But the little warmth that he gave me has been keeping my heart throbbing with gratitude.
要點：
1，在翻譯“這一次的旅行使我更瞭解一個名詞的意義”時，譯者再一次無情地拋棄了我們最常用的make君，將“我”作為主語，串聯起整個句子，fully realize意為“充分理解”，still 在此的作用是加強比較級，意為“還要，更”沒錯我們的行文奏是這麼有感情~
2，“在朋友們面前我只感到慚愧”中的“慚愧”意為“不好意思”而不是”“羞愧”，因此譯為embarrassed，此外還有ill at ease也可表示此意。
3，“謙虛的客氣話”= out of mere modesty and courtesy
4，“使我的心顫動”譯為keeping my heart throbbing(跳動，抽動，悸動) with gratitude，其中with gratitude是增加成分哦，原文雖然沒有明說，但是有這個意思，因此，文學翻譯時，作者的言外之意也是非常重要滴，就像是高中時做的閱讀理解~(^o^)/~
我的生命大概不會很長久罷。然而在短促的過去的回顧中卻有一盞明燈，照徹了我的靈魂的黑暗，使我的生存有一點光彩。這盞燈就是就友情。我應該感謝它，因為靠了它我才能夠活到現在;而且把舊家庭給我留下的陰影掃除了的也正是它。
The length of my days will not be unlimited. However, whenever I look back on my brief past life, I find a beacon illuminating my soul and thereby lending a little brightness to my being. That beacon is friendship. I should be grateful to it because it has helped me keep alive up to now and clear away the shadow left on me by my old family.
要點:
1，“在短促的過去的回顧中”=在我回顧自己短暫的一生時，譯為whenever I look back on my brief past life，其中look back on意為“回顧，回首”，此外它的小夥伴in retrospect(回顧過去)出鏡率也很高,因為這個詞在文學翻譯中灰常常見哦，畢竟有一種文叫“回憶性散文”嘛~
2，lend to常見意為“借給，貸款給…”此處表示“增添，新增;賦予…以…”
3，being在此意為“誕生，存在，出現”，如We do not know when the universe came into being.我們不知道宇宙何時開始存在。
4，“靠了它我才能夠活到現在;而且把舊家庭給我留下的陰影掃除了的也正是它”句中，兩個分句都出現了“它”可考慮串成一個句子，避免it重複出現。譯為it has helped me keep alive up to now and clear away the shadow left on me by my old family.在說法上，將“靠了它我才…”轉換為“它幫助我,,,”
世間有不少的人為了家庭拋棄朋友，至少也會在家庭和朋友之間劃一個界限，把家庭看得比朋友重過若干倍。這似乎是很自然的事情。我也曾親眼看見一些人結婚以後就離開朋友，離開事業……
Many people forsake their friends in favor of their own families, or at least draw a line of demarcation between families and friends, considering the former to be many times more important than the latter. That seems to be a matter of course. I have also seen with my own eyes how some people abandon their friends as well as their own careers soon after they get married…
要點：
1，“拋棄”的高階說法=forsake, leave 也是一個很文藝的說法，此外還有我們熟悉的abandon~
2， in favor of 意為“支援，贊同”但是，do sth in favor of sth 就有“決定選擇某物而不選擇某物”之意了~如：Plans for a tunnel were rejected in favor of a bridge.(修建隧道的計劃被否決，選擇了橋)
Favor的其他用法，也要引起重視~，常見的有come back in favor(重獲青睞)，in sb’s favor (對某人有利)，do sb no favors=don’t do sb any favor (對…沒有一點好處)，do sb a favor(幫某人忙)
3，“把家庭看得比朋友重過若干倍”譯為considering the former to be many times more important than the latter，此處注意倍數的表達“數量+比較級+than”~而且譯者用former 和latter，避免了“家庭，朋友”這兩個詞的重複出現，體現了英文多代詞的特點~
朋友是暫時的，家庭是永久的。在好些人的行為裡我發見了這個信條。這個信條在我實在是不可理解的。對於我，要是沒有朋友，我現在會變成怎樣可憐的東西，我自己也不知道。
Friends are transient whereas family are lasting—that is the tenet, as I know, guiding the behavior of many people. To me, that is utterly inconceivable. Without friends, I would have been reduced to I don’t know what a miserable creature.
要點：
1，說一下高階的轉折詞whereas，意為“鑑於，然而，反之”多用於正式文體哦，寫作中也常會用到~如：He said Kyoto was about setting a framework, whereas Copenhagen is an attempt to get every country involved.
他說京都是建立一個框架，而哥本哈根是力圖使每個國家都參與進來。
2，“要是沒有朋友，我現在會變成怎樣可憐的東西，我自己也不知道。”譯為Without friends, I would have been reduced to I don’t know what a miserable creature.其中又出現了reduce啊有木有，從《背影》的“reduced circumstances(光景慘淡)”到《我坐了木船》的“reduce to(被迫從事)”再到如今的be reduced to(淪落為，淪落到)，reduce在表示“落魄”和“慘”方面的偉大作用真是無可替代~~~
3，句法上注意最後一句，翻譯時要用虛擬語氣~表示對現在的虛擬，中文對時態要求並不明顯，但在英文中要明確地體現出來
然而朋友們把我救了。他們給了我家庭所不能給的東西。他們的友愛，他們的幫助，他們的鼓勵，幾次把我從深淵的邊沿救回來。他們對我表示了無限的慷慨。
Friends are my saviors. They give me things which it is beyond my family to give me. Thanks to their fraternal love, assistance and encouragement, I have time and again been saved from falling into an abyss while on its verge. They have been enormously generous towards me.
要點：
1，fraternal 意為“兄弟般的，兄弟間的”，同義的還有brotherly, friendly ,sibling~
2，“他們給了我家庭所不能給的東西”譯為They give me things which it is beyond my family to give me. 其中which it is beyond my family to give是定語從句，修飾things，而which這個關係代詞又是to give 的賓語，to give which又是真正的主語，it 是形式主語。其實這句話可以寫成兩個句子：①They give me things 。②To give the things is beyond my family .注意此處beyond 君在這裡又粗現啦~還記得《我坐了木船》中表示“不能做某事”的用法嗎?
2，“幾次把我從深淵的.邊沿救回來”譯為I have time and again been saved from falling into an abyss while on its verge，譯者增譯了動詞(墜入深淵)使行文更加明確，很好地體現了把原文中的修辭意~值得借鑑和學習
3，time and again=再次，多次，之前也有過相關說法的總結，如：again and again, time after time, repeatedly~
3，“他們對我表示了無限的慷慨。”中“無限的慷慨”譯為enormously generous，其中enormously=extremely, exceedingly(非常，極其)~
我的生活曾經是悲苦的，黑暗的。然而朋友們把多量的同情，多量的愛，多量的歡樂，多量的眼淚分了給我，這些東西都是生存所必需的。這些不要報答的慷慨的施捨，使我的生活裡也有了溫暖，有了幸福。我默默地接受了它們。我並不曾說一句感激的話，我也沒有做過一件報答的行為。但是朋友們卻不把自私的形容詞加到我的身上。對於我，他們太慷慨了。
There was a time when my life was miserable and gloomy. My friends then gave me in large quantities sympathy, love, joy and tears—things essential for existence. It is due to their bountiful free gifts that I also have my share of warmth and happiness in my life. I accepted their kindnesses quietly without ever saying a word of thanks and without ever doing anything in return. In spite of that, my friends never used the epithet “self-centered” when referred to me. They are only too generous towards me.
要點：
1，“多量的”就是大量的，此處譯為In large quantity，如：we will order in large quantity man's shirts.(我們將大量訂購男式襯衫)
童鞋們~是時候擺脫a lot of了
2，“這些不要報答的慷慨的施捨，使我的生活裡也有了溫暖，有了幸福”譯為It is due to their bountiful free gifts that I also have my share of warmth and happiness in my life.運用強調句，說明正是這些朋友慷慨的幫助，才讓我的生活發生了變化。my share of意為“我(也有)的一份”用以表達原文中“也”的內涵
3，經過本段，我們大概可以給這篇文章的高頻詞“慷慨”做一個總結了——generous, bountiful,本段“慷慨”以名詞形式出現時意思接近於“禮物，饋贈”，因此譯者翻譯為了gift~聯絡上下文語境是灰常重要的!!!
4，本段那些用於加強語氣的副詞也值得積累，比如ever(用於否定句表不曾)，還有之後會出現的only too(很，非常)=all too(非常，簡直太。。。)如: I shall be only too pleased to hear from you further.我非常歡迎你再來信。
這一次我走了許多新地方，看見了許多新朋友。我的生活是忙碌的：忙著看，忙著聽，忙著說，忙著走。但是我不曾遇到一點困難，朋友們給我準備好了一切，使我不會缺少什麼。我每走到一個新地方，我就像回到我那個在上海被日本兵毀掉的舊居一樣。
I visited many new places and met new friends on my recent trip. My time was mostly taken up by looking around, listening, talking and walking. But I never ran into any trouble because my friends had done their utmost to make sure that I would be short of nothing. Whatever new places I called at, I always felt at home as if I were back in my old residence in Shanghai which had been already been raged to the ground by Japanese troops.
