構詞法:
1、合成法:
如:spaceship, headache, basketball, playground等等。
2、派生法:
(1) 派生名詞:①動詞+er/or ②動詞+ing ③動詞+(t)ion ④形容詞+ness ⑤其他,如:inventor, learner, swimming, congratulation, kindness, carelessness, knowledge
(2)派生形容詞:①名詞+y ②名詞+ful ③動詞+ing/ed ④friendly ⑤dangerous ⑥Chinese; Japanese ⑦English ⑧French ⑨German ⑩國名+(i)an 如:snowy, sunny, hopeful, beautiful, interesting, following, daily(每日的),nervous, delicious
(3)派生副詞:①形容詞+ly ②其它,如:slowly, angrily, fullfully, goodwell, possiblepossibly等等。
3、轉換法:
(1)形容詞動詞,如:dry(乾燥的.)dry(弄乾), clean(乾淨的)clean(打掃,弄乾淨),等等。
(2)動詞名詞,如:look, walk, rest, work, study, swim, go, talk等等。
(3)名詞動詞,如:hand(手)(傳遞),face(臉)(面對)等等。
(4)形容詞副詞,如:earlyearly, fastfast等等。
(5)副詞連詞,如:when(什麼時候)(當時候),等等。
(6)介詞副詞,如:in(到裡)(在裡面;在家),on(在上)(進行,繼續),等等。