2017年職稱英語考試備考已經開始，不少考生已開始準備2017年職稱英語考試複習。為了促進大家的學習積極性，以下是yjbys網小編整理的關於職稱英語《理工A》補全短文歷年真題精選，供大家備考。
Toads are Arthritis and in Pain
Arthritis is an illness that can cause pain and swelling in your bones. Toads, a big problem in the north of Australia, are suffering from painful arthritis in their legs and backbone, a new study has shown.
The toads that jump the fastest are more likely to be larger and to have longer legs.46
The large yellow toads, native to South and Central America, were introduced into the north-eastern Australian state of Queensland in 1935 in an attempt to stop beetles and other insects from destroying sugarcane crops. Now up to 200 million of the poisonous toads exist in the country,and they are rapidly spreading through the state of Northern Territory at a rate of up to 60 km a year.
The toads can now be found across more than one million square kilometers. 47 A Venezuelan poison virus was tried in the 1990s but had to be abandoned after it was found to also kill native frog species.
The toads have severely affected ecosystems in Australia. Animals, and sometimes pets, that eat the toads die immediately from their poison, and the toads themselves eat anything they can fit inside their mouth. 48
A co-author of the new study, Rick Shine, a professor at the University of Sydney, says that little attention has been given to the problems that toads face. Rick and his colleagues studied nearly 500 toads from Queensland and the Northern Territory and found that those in the latter state were very different. They were active, sprinting down roads and breeding quickly.
According to the results of the study, the fastest toads travel nearly one kilometer a night.
49 But speed and strength come at a price- arthritis of the legs and backbone due to constant pressure placed on them.
In laboratory tests, the researchers found that after about 15 minutes of hopping, arthritic toads would travel less distance with each hop (跳躍). 50 These toads are so programmed to move,apparently, that even when in pain the toads travelled as fast and as far as the healthy ones,continuing their relentless march across the landscape.
A. But this advantage also has a big drawback--up to 10% of the biggest toads suffer from arthritis.
B. The task now facing the country is how to remove the toads.
C. But arthritis didn't slow down toads outside the laboratory.
D. Toads with longer legs move faster and travel longer distances while the others are being left behind.
E. Toads are not built to be road runners-- they are built to sit around ponds and wet areas.
F. Furthermore, they soon take over the natural habitats of Australia's native species.
答案與解析：
46.A。從原文來看，第一段的首句要說關節疾病(Arthritis)的危害。空白處前面一句講到那種腿長的大蟾蜍跳得快，空白處應該接著談蟾蜍這種腿長的優勢，所以A(但是這個優勢也有一個大的缺陷，即近10%的蟾蜍會得關節疾病)比較合適，不僅接著談長腿的優勢，同時也點出了“關節病”這一主題詞。
47.B。從原文來看，空白處前面一句講的是蟾蜍現在已經蔓延到超過l00萬平方公里的區域，說明蟾蜍開始氾濫，而空白處後一句說的是一種委內瑞拉病毒在90年代開始用來消滅蟾蜍，但之後發現它也殺本地的青蛙物種，所以就不得不放棄了，所以空格處應填入與消除蟾蜍有關的選項，故B(現在這個國家面臨的任務就是如何消除蟾蜍)符合原文。
48.F。從原文來看，第三段的首句說蟾蜍嚴重影響了澳大利亞的生態環境。空白處前面一句講到吃蟾蜍的動物和寵物都被毒死了，而且蟾蜍吃掉了能吃的一切。空白處填入與生態環境受到蟾蜍影響有關的語句，故F(並且，它們很快就佔據了澳大利亞本地物種的自然棲息地)是正確答案。
49.D。從原文來看，空白處前面一句講到研究結果表明，最快的蟾蜍一個晚上能跑近l公里。空白處後一句講的是這種速度和力量卻是要付出代價的.。因此，空白處談論的應該還是有關速度的話題，所以D(長腿的蟾蜍移動較快並能移動較長的距離，而其他蟾蜍則落在後面)比較符合原文語義。
50.C。從原文來看，空白處前面一句講到研究者發現跳躍約l5分鐘後，有關節炎的蟾蜍每一次跳躍的距離會遞減。空白處後一句提到蟾蜍是程式化的移動，即使有關節病的蟾蜍，也跟健康的蟾蜍跳得一樣快，一樣高遠。前後有轉折關係，所以C選項(但是關節疾病不會降低蟾蜍的速度)是正確答案。
