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請根據短文內容，回答1~5題。
Human Space Exploration
While scientists are searching the cause of the Columbia disaster, NASA is moving ahead with plans to develop a new craft that would replace shuttles (太空梭) on space station missions by 2012 and respond quickly to space station emergencies.
The space agency released the first set of mission needs and requirements several days ago for the orbital space plane (軌道太空梭) , which would be designed to transport a crew of four to and from the International Space Station.
Although it includes few specifics, the plan states the orbiter (軌道太空梭) will be safer,cheaper and require less preparation time than the shuttle. It would be able to transport four crew members by 2012--though it would be available for rescue missions by 2010. NASA says the craft should be able to transport injured or ill space station crew members to "definitive (決定性的) medical care" within 24 hours.
The release of the requirements showed NASA remains focused on the long-term priorities of space exploration, even as questions exist concerning the loss of Columbia and its seven-member crew on February 1st,2003.
Experts at Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Alabama, have been working for years on a successor to the shuttle. The project, known as the Space Launch Initiative (倡議) , was divided last year into two parts--one focusing on a future launch vehicle, the other on a space station orbiter. The orbiter is expected to be ready sooner.
The program's managers say NASA officials have told them not to alter Space Launch Initiative in light of the Columbia disaster.
U. S. President George W. Bush asked Congress for about US$1 billion for Space Launch
Initiative in 2004, funds that would be almost equally split between the Orbital Space Plane and Next Generation Launch Technology.
plans to design the new space craft to__________.
rol the International Space Station.
y astronauts to the International Space Station.
sport equipment to the International Space Station.
n astronauts in space flights.
des its main mission, the orbiter would also be used as__________.
A.a medical research center.
B.a space station.
C.a space ambulance.
D.a passenger plane.
design of the orbiter indicates__________.
's determination to continue space exploration.
's disadvantage in space technology.
great pressure from Congress on NASA.
D.a heavy defeat for NASA.
did NASA start working on a successor to the shuttle?
year before the Columbia disaster.
year after the Columbia disaster.
diately after the Columbia disaster.
s before the Columbia disaster.
rding to the passage, the 1 billion funds, if granted, would__________.
used to rebuild the International Space Station.
awarded to the scientists working at NASA.
shared by the two projects under the Space Launch Initiative.
spent on the investigation of the Columbia disaster.
1.參考答案：B
參考解析：細節題。題幹：NASA(美國國家航空航天局)設計新太空梭的目的是什麼?利用題幹關鍵詞可以定位到文章第一段，此處指出研發這種新的航天器的目的`是取代現有的太空梭，把航天員送到國際空間站去。故選B。
2.參考答案：C
參考解析： 細節題。題幹：除了運送航天員這一主要使命外，太空梭還用來幹什麼?利用題幹關鍵詞可以定位到原文第一段，可知它還被用做太空急救車，故選C。
3.參考答案：A
參考解析： 細節題。題幹：這架太空梭的設計表明了什麼?利用題幹關鍵詞可以定位到第四段，該段指出，新裝置的發射表明NASA繼續關注長期太空勘探，儘管存在一些困難。所以選項A“NASA繼續探索太空的決心”為正確答案。
4.參考答案：D
參考解析： 細節題。題幹：NASA什麼時候開始著手設計後續的太空梭?利用題幹關鍵詞可以定位到倒數第三段第一句，該句提到研製工作很多年前就開始了，故選D。
5.參考答案：C
參考解析： 細節題。題幹：10億美元的款項被批准後用來幹什麼?利用題幹關鍵詞可以定位到最後一段，該段提到，若10億美元的款項獲得國會批准，這筆款項基本上平分給the orbital Space Plane和Next Generation Launch Technology這兩個研究專案，故選C。
