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2016年GMAT的CR結論題解題技巧

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2016年GMAT的CR結論題解題技巧

  【結論題】

結論題,又稱conclusion題目或歸納題。通常需要從題目給出的資訊中得出一個結論。

標誌性詞語:conclusion、conclude、infer、must be true

解題思路:順向思維,通過總結歸納文中資訊得出某個結論。通常與文章內容高度相關,不會出現新內容。

  >>>解題技巧

1、模糊詞選項優先考慮

2、條件句選項優先考慮

3、排除法做題:

(1)不能重複原文、不能反駁原文、不能只與原文中一部分相關;

(2)不是對單個資訊的改寫或推理;是對原文2個以上資訊的融合;

(3)正確選項都能在原文找到依據

(4)不必結合全部資訊,但至少結合2個以上,必須結合文章最後一句文中已有結論,問題是讓support,同加強題一樣做法

4、與段落重合度越高的選項越可能稱為正確答案,若段落出現專有名詞,答案一般也會出現專有名詞

5、出現if,unless,whenever等條件連詞的選項成為正確答案的可能性遠大於其他選項

6、NOT,EXCEPT題E正確的可能性為85%,CD各為5%,AB加在一起5%。

  >>>錯誤選項特徵

1、不能出現新概念(包含新的動詞、形容詞、名詞等),原文的同義詞除外

2、原文沒有絕對化語言,答案也不能有絕對化語言(原文若有some等,為嚴謹答案一般也有some)

3、不能出現新比較

4、切忌進行段落外資訊的進一步推理!

  >>>例題:OG16-P502-1

Neuroscientist: Memory evolved to help animals react appropriately to situations they encounter by drawing on the past experience of similar situations. But this does not require that animals perfectly recall every detail of all their experiences. Instead, to function well, memory should generalize from past experiences that are similar to the current one.

The neuroscientist’ s statements, if true, most strongly support which of the following conclusions?

(A) At least some animals perfectly recall every detail of at least some past experiences.

(B) Perfectly recalling every detail of all their past experiences could help at least some animals react more appropriately than they otherwise would to new situations they encounter.

(C) Generalizing from past experiences requires clear memories of most if not all the details of those experiences.

(D) Recalling every detail of all past experiences would be incompatible with any ability to generalize from those experiences.

(E) Animals can often react more appropriately than they otherwise would to situations they encounter if they draw on generalizations from past experiences of similar situations.

解析:神經學家:記憶幫助動物在遇到相似經歷下作出恰當的反應。但是動物並不需要回憶出他們的經歷的每一個細節。也就是說,為了表現的更得體,記憶應該可以從和現在相似的過去經歷中總結出經驗。

如果神經學家說的正確,可以得出什麼結論?

A 有動物可以回憶出一些過去經歷當中的.每一個細節,原文沒有提及

B 回憶出所有的細節可以幫助動物表現的更好,原文沒有提及

C 要從過去的經歷裡得出經驗,即使不能回憶出所有的細節,也需要清晰的記得大部分細節,原文沒有提及

D 如果可以回憶出所有的細節,就不具備從過去經驗裡得出經驗的能力,原文沒有提及

E 如果他們可以利用他們從過去相似經歷裡得出的經驗,那麼他們將會表現得更恰當,正確,符合題中邏輯鏈

  >>>例題:OG16-P518-53

Humans get Lyme disease from infected ticks. Ticks get infected by feeding on animals with Lyme disease, but the ease of transmission from host animal to tick varies. With most species of host animal, transmission of Lyme disease to ticks is extremely rare, but white-footed mice are an exception, readily passing Lyme disease to ticks. And white-footed mouse populations greatly expand, becoming the main food source for ticks, in areas where biodiversity is in decline.

The information in the passage most strongly supports which of the following?

(A) In areas where many humans are infected with Lyme disease, the proportion of ticks infected with Lyme disease is especially high.

(B) Very few animals that live in areas where there are no white-footed mice are infected with Lyme disease.

(C) Humans are less at risk of contracting Lyme disease in areas where biodiversity is high.

(D) Ticks feed on white-footed mice only when other host species are not available to them.

(E) The greater the biodiversity of an area, the more likely any given host animal in that area is to pass Lyme disease to ticks.

解析:人類通過T感染L病。T通過吃有L病的動物感染L病,但是傳染的難易程度是和宿主到T有關的。T很難從大部分種類的宿主身上感染L的,但是白腳老鼠是個例外,T很容易就感染上L。在生物多樣性逐漸降低的地區,隨著白腳老鼠數量的大量增加,白腳老鼠慢慢變成T的主要食物。

上述資訊主要支援下面哪一個資訊?

A 在人類感染L的地區,感染L的T的比例特別高,原文沒有提及

B 生活在沒有感染L的白腳鼠地方的動物非常少,原文沒有提及

C 在生物多樣性高的地方,人類感染上L疾病的風險低,正確。因為生物多樣性高,T的食物不止白腳老鼠一種,感染L的概率低,那麼人從T上面感染L的概率也低。符合邏輯

D T只有當吃不到其他的宿主時,才會吃白腳老鼠,原文沒有提及。

E 一個地區的生物多樣性越高,其他宿主把L傳染給T的概率就越高,原文沒有提及。