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定語從句的主謂省略

校園 閱讀(1.56W)

英語語法讓很多學生都頭疼,因為複雜難懂的句式和片語有時難以記憶。如下是小編給大家整理的定語從句的主謂省略,希望對大家有所作用。

定語從句的主謂省略

用who和whom的情況

先行詞為one,ones,anyone,those,且指代人時。如:

The persons I want to talk about with you are Faye Wong and Li Yapeng, the ones who signed a divorce agreement on Friday in Urumqi.

在there be結構中, 修飾主語的定語從句宜用關係代詞who指代人。如:There’s a gentleman who wants to see you.

一個句子中帶有兩個修飾人的定語從句, 其中一個定語從句的關係代詞是that, 另一個宜用who以避免重複。如:The student that was praised at yesterday’s meeting is the monitor who is very modest and works very hard.

當關系代詞前面有介詞,只能用whom。whom在定語從句中作介詞的賓語時,介詞可放在後面,也可提前以構成“介詞+whom(先行詞指人)”結構。如:The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people, many of whom left their village homes for a better life in the city.

whose的用法

關係代詞whose一般指人,表示“該人的”,也可指物,表示“該物的”,在以物為先行詞時,可用of which代替在從句中作定語。如:Theprize will go to the writer whose story/of whom the story shows the most imagination.

注意:關係代詞在定語從句中作主語時,從句謂語動詞的人稱和數要和先行詞保持一致。如:

Tom is one of the engineers who are sent abroad.

Tom is the only one of the engineers who has come up with the solution.

選擇關係代詞/副詞的原則

在選擇關係詞時,最重要的是分析定語從句所缺的成分。若從句缺主語、賓語、定語或表語,那麼必須用關係代詞;若從句不缺主語、賓語、定語或表語,那麼必須用關係副詞。

This is the mountain village that/which I visited last year. (關係詞在從句中作賓語)

I will never forget the day when my father returned from America. (關係詞在從句中作狀語)

先行詞是表示方法、方式的'way,後面的定語從句缺方式狀語時可以用that或in which引導,也可以省略關係詞。如果後面的定語從句中缺少賓語,要用that或which引導,也可以省略關係詞。如:

I don’t like the way that/in which/不填 he speaks to his mother.

例1 (2015·湖南卷) It is a truly delightful place, ________ looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages.

A. as B. where C. that D. which

解析 D。此句是非限制性定語從句,先行詞place在定語從句中作主語,所以要用關係代詞引導。as引導非限定性定語從句時要放在句首,故選用which。句意:這真是一個令人愉快的地方,這裡蜿蜒的小路和美麗的村舍一定和一百年前看起來一模一樣。

例2 (2015·北京卷) Opposite is St. Paul’s Church, ________ you can hear some lovely music.

A. which B. that C. when D. where

解析 D。這是一個定語從句。先行詞是St. Paul’s Church,從句主謂賓成分完整,去掉空後依然是完整的句子,可推斷出引導詞在從句中作地點狀語,用where。句意:對面是聖保羅教堂,在教堂裡你能聽到一些優美的音樂

點撥 關係代詞that和關係副詞why不能引導非限制性定語從句。做題之前先看句中有沒有逗號,逗號是非限制性定語從句的標誌。然後再看句子中缺不缺成分,在定語從句中從句主語和賓語都不缺少時,應該考慮關係副詞。