讀書不是為了雄辯和駁斥，也不是為了輕信和盲從，而是為了思考和權衡。 以下是小編為大家搜尋整理的2017年職稱英語考試技巧衛生類語法講義，希望能給大家帶來幫助!更多精彩內容請及時關注我們應屆畢業生考試網!
用法辨析：
(1)“Why not+動詞原形+…?”(幹嘛不……?)是簡略句，完全形式是：Why don't you +動詞原形+…?如：Why not go and have a look?(幹嘛不去看看?)/Why not try it once again?(為什麼不再試試?)
(2) seem(好象)的用法：記住幾個結構：①sb./sth.+seem+(to be+)形容詞+…;②sb./sth.+seem+like +…;③sb/sth+seem+to(do);④It seems that+從句。如：He seemed(to be) very happy when he was called by the headmaster.(被校長叫到名字時他好象很開心)/It seems that nobody else could do such a foolish thing except Jim.(除了吉姆好象沒有什麼人會做出如此愚蠢的事情來)
(3) be afraid(害怕)的用法：記住幾個結構：①be afraid of sth;be afraid of(doing);②be afraid to(do);③be afraid that+從句。如：She is a little afraid of snakes.(她有點怕蛇)/Don't be so afraid to stay at home alone at night.(別害怕晚上一個人在家)/I'm afraid that somebody will take his place because of his serious mistakes.(恐怕有人要取代他了，因為他犯了那麼大的錯誤)
(4) be sorry(抱歉)的用法：記住幾個結構：①be sorry for(sth);②be sorry for(doing sth);③be sorry to(do);④be sorry that+從句。如：I am very sorry for keeping you waiting so long.(不好意思讓你久等了)I am sorry to trouble you.(對不起，麻煩你了)/I am sorry(that) he isn't here at the moment.(恐怕他現在不在)
(5) be sure(確信)的用法：記住幾個結構： ①be sure of(sth);②be sure to(do);③be sure that+從句。如：She told me many times that she was sure to come.(她給我講過多次她一定會來的)/Are you sure of your answer?Maybe it's wrong.(你對你的答案有把握嗎?也許是錯的。)/I am sure that Dad will help me with the job.(我確信爸爸會幫著我做這件事情的)
(6) make 與do的用法：一般情況下表示進行活動或者做工作用do，表示創造建構某事物用make. 如：I don't know what to do.(我不知道該幹什麼)/I'm not going to do any work.(我不準備做什麼)/My father and I once made a boat.(我和我爸曾經做過一隻船)
此外還要記住一些固定說法：do good/harm/business/one's best/a favour……
make a decision/an effort/a mistake/a noise/a phone call/money/war/the bed/sure，……被動語態：
(1)被動語態定義：被動語態是動詞的一種特殊形式，用來說明主語與謂語動詞之間的'關係。如果主語是 動作的執行者(即某人做某事)，便叫主動語態;如果主語是動作的承受者(即某事被做)，便叫被動語態。主動與被動的區別不是詞序的區別，而是主語與謂語意義上的區別。在英語中只有及物動詞和一些相當於及物動詞的片語才有被動語態的形式。
(2)英語中被動語態由“助動詞be +動詞的過去分詞”構成。助動詞be有時態、人稱和數的變化。被動語態後的by短語有時可省去。具體結構見下表：
現在時態
一般現在時
現在進行時
一般將來時
現在完成時
謂語動詞構成
am
is+p.p.
are
am
is+being+p.p.
are
will+be+p.p.
am
is+goingto+be+p.p.
are
have(has)+been+p.p.
過去時態
一般過去時
過去進行時
過去將來時
過去完成時
謂語動詞構成
was+p.p.
were
was
+being+p.p.
were
would+be+p.p.
was+goingto+be+p.p.
were
had+been+p.p.
【注】p.p.表示過去分詞。
(1)被動語態的用法：
① 不知道誰是動作的執行者(即不知道誰做)時用被動語態，省略by短語。如：A man was killed in the accident.(一個人死於事故)/ This window was broken yesterday.(這扇窗子是昨天被打破的)
②不說或者眾所周知是誰做時，用被動語態，省略by短語。如：Rice is also grown in this place.(這個地方也種水稻)/ A railroad will be built here in three years.(三年之後這裡將要修建一條鐵路)
③強調動作的承受者，句尾加by短語。如：It was written by Lu Xun.(它(書)是魯迅寫的)/ A pet dog is never killed by its owner.(寵物狗是不會被主人宰殺的)
(2) 注意點：
①“動詞+間接賓語+直接賓語”改為被動時，可以用間接賓語做被動句的主語。如：
His teacher gave him a dictionary.→He was given a dictionary by his teacher.(老師給他一本字典→他得到老師一本字典)
也可以用直接賓語做被動句的主語，但是需用to或者for引出原句的間接賓語。如：His teacher gave him a dictionary.→A dictionary was given to him by his teacher.(老師給他一本字典→一本字典由老師送給了他)/His father made him a kite.→A kite was made for him by his father.(他的父親給他做了一個風箏→一個風箏由他的父親做給了他)
②“動詞+賓語+動詞原形”改為被動時，動詞原形前要加to.如：The boss made the poor man work 12 hours a day.→The poor man was made to work 12 hours a day.(老闆讓這個可憐的人一天工作12小時→這個可憐人被迫一天工作12小時)
③“動詞+…+介詞”改為被動時，介詞一般在原位不動。如：The girl takes good care of her little brother.→The girl's little brother is taken good care of by her.(女孩照顧小弟弟→女孩的小弟弟由她照顧著)
④“be+過去分詞”未必表示被動語態，而可能是系表結構。如：
He is pleased/worried/tired /……(系表)(他高興/焦慮/疲勞……)
He was hit/knocked down/told/shot/……(被動)(他被擊中/撞倒/關照/射中……)
