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Drugs
Doctors, sixty years ago, could do little to help victims of polio. Serious cases usually ended in death. In 1955, a vaccine was developed that prevented the disease. Today, polio is no longer a major health problem.
Many of the most important drugs that doctors prescribe today have been developed in the last 30 years. Modern drugs are complex, specific and powerful. People need to know more about drugs in order to use them safely.
Early people discovered by accident that some of the plants growing around them seemed useful to heal sores, relieve pain or even cure diseases. These plants were the first drugs. Now plants are still the source of some drugs. Quinine, for example, is a bitter-tasting drug used to treat the chills and fever of malaria and to reduce attacks of the disease. It is made from the bark of the cinchona tree, which grows in the Andes Mountains. The Indians of that region were the first to use the bark as a medicine. The Spanish people probably brought it to Europe in the early 1600s. Chemists learned how to get the pure drug from the bark. And in 1944, it was made artificially in the laboratory.
Other important drugs, such as hormones and vaccines, are obtained from animals. But most of the modern drugs come from chemical combinations worked out by research scientists. Most people never see drugs in their simple form as chemicals. Instead, they are seen as tablets, capsules or liquids that contain the drug and other ingredients.
People use drugs to get different results. Some drugs attack the organism that causes a disease. They cure by killing the organism. Other drugs relieve what we call the symptoms of the disease: the headache, pain, fever, or chills, and make the patient more comfortable. These constitute most over-the-counter drugs. People can get them in drug stores.
main idea of this passage is the development of drugs.
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y polio disappears in that polio is no longer a health problem.
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seems to the author that the medicine used by early people was probably effective.
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Spanish first learned how to used quinine as a medicine.
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ones are obtained from animals.
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le can use drugs in two aspects, such as curing cancer and relieving headache.
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“over-the-counter drugs” are those that patients can get without doctors’ prescriptions.
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參考答案：
ACABBCA
