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第一篇
Taking Pictures of the World
Meet Annie Griffiths Belt, a National Geographic photographer. Belt has worked for National Geographic since 1978, and has taken pictures on almost every continent in the world. In fact,Antarctica is the only continent Belt hasn't seen yet.
Belt's photographs are well-known for their beauty and high quality. They also reflect very different cultures and regions of the world. Belt has photographed the ancient city of Petra, Jordan,as well as the green landscapes of the Lake District in England. Recently, her pictures appeared in a book about undeveloped natural places in North America.
Everywhere that Belt goes, she takes pictures of people. Belt has found ways to connect with people of all ages and nationalities even when she does not speak their language. "The greatest privilege of my job is being allowed into people's lives," she has said. "The camera is like a passport, and I am often overwhelmed by how quickly people welcome me!"
Knowing how to break the ice has helped to make Belt a successful photographer, but experts say that anyone can learn to connect with new people. When people speak the same language,greeting and small talk can make strangers feel more comfortable with each other. When people don't speak the same language, a smile is very helpful. Having something in common can also help break the ice. For example, Belt has traveled with her two children, so when she takes pictures of children or their parents, they all have that family connection in common. Even bad weather can help people to connect when they are experiencing it together.
Belt has some advice if you are thinking about a career in photography. You can volunteer to take pictures for a local organization that can't afford to hire a professional photographer. You can also take a good, honest look at your best photographs. If you're a real photographer, your photos are good because of your personal and technical skills. Belt also recommends studying and learning from photos taken by professional photographers.
Remember, the next time you look at a beautiful photograph, you might be looking at the work of Annie Griffiths Belt. And the next time you meet a new person, don't be afraid to break the ice. The connection you make could be very rewarding.
has never traveled to England.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
has won a lot of awards for her wonderful photographs.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
a is a very old city in Jordan.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
has worked for a number of magazines.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
can only connect with English-speakers.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
le can connect with each other in bad weather.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
nteering is one way to begin a photography career.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
第二篇
The Life in Ireland
Ireland is the best place in the world to live in for 2005, according to a life quality ranking that appeared in Britain's Economist magazine last week.
The ambitious attempt to compare happiness levels around the world is based on the principle that wealth is not the only measure of human satisfaction and well-being.
The index of 111 countries uses data on incomes, health, unemployment, climate, political stability, job security, gender equality as well as what the magazine calls “freedom, family and community life".
Despite the bad weather, troubled health service, traffic congestion (擁擠), gender inequality,and the high cost of flying, Ireland scored an impressive 8.33 points out of 10.
That put it well ahead of second-place Switzerland, which managed 8.07, Zimbabwe, troubled by political insecurity and hunger, is rated the gloomiest (最差的 ), picking up only 3.89 points.
"Although rising incomes and increased individual choices are highly valued," the report said,"some of the factors associated with modernization such as the breakdown (崩潰) in traditional institutions and family values in part take away from a positive impact."
"Ireland wins because it successfully combines the most desirable elements of the new with the preservation of certain warm elements of the old, such as stable family and community I ife."
The magazine admitted measuring quality of life is not a straightforward thing to do, and that its findings would have their critics.
No.2 on the list is Switzerland. The other nations in the top 10 are Norway, Luxembourg,Sweden, Australia, Iceland, Italy, Denmark and Spain. The U.K. is positioned at No.29, a much lower position chiefly because of the social and family breakdown recorded in official statistics.
The U.S., which has the second highest per capita GDP (人均國內生產總值 ) after Luxembourg, took the 13th place in the survey. China was in the lower half of the league at 60th.
2005 years, Ireland has been the best place for humans to live in.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
security is the least important measure of life quality.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
of living in Ireland is pretty high.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
ly life in Zimbabwe is not stable.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
and is positioned at No.1 because it combines the most desirable elements of the new with some good elements of the old.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
measure life quality is easy.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
United States of America is among the top 10 countries.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
第三篇
Inventor of LED
When Nick Holonyak set out to create a new kind of visible lighting using semiconductor alloys, his colleagues thought he was unrealistic. Today, his discovery of light-emitting diodes, or LEDs, are used in everything from DVDs to alarm clocks to airports. Dozens of his students have continued his work, developing lighting used in traffic lights and other everyday technology.
On April 23,2004, Holonyak received the $500,000 Lemelson-MIT Prize at a ceremony in Washington. This marks the 10th year that the Lemelson-MIT Program at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) has given the award to prominent inventors.
"Anytime you get an award, big or little, it's always a surprise," Holonyak said.
Holonyak,75, was a student of John Bardeen, an inventor of the transistor, in the early 1950s.
After graduate school, Holonyak worked at Bell Labs. He later went to General Electric, where he invented a switch now widely used in house dimmer switches.
Later, Holonyak started looking into how semiconductors could be used to generate light. But while his colleagues were looking at how to generate invisible light, he wanted to generate visible light. The LEDs he invented in 1962 now last about 10 times longer than incandescent bulbs, and are more environmentally friendly and cost effective.
Holonyak, now a professor of electrical and computer engineering and physics at the University of Illinois, said he suspected that LEDs would become as commonplace as they are today, but didn't realize how many uses they would have.
"You don't know in the beginning. You think you're doing something important, you think it's worth doing, but you really can't tell what the big payoff is going to be, and when, and how. You just don't know," he said.
The Lemelson-MIT Program also recognized Edith Flanigen,75, with the $100,000 Lemelson-MIT Lifetime Achievement Award for her work on a new generation of "molecular sieves". That can separate molecules by size.
nyak's colleagues thought he would fail in his research on LEDs at the time when he started it.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
nyak believed that his students that were working with him on the project would get the Lemelson-MIT Prize sooner or later.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
nyak was the inventor of the transistor in the early 1950s.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
nyak believed that LEDs would become very popular in the future.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
nyak said that you should not do anything you are not interested in.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
h Flanigen is the only co-inventor of LEDs.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
Lemelson-MIT Prize has a history of over 100 years.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
答案與解析
第一篇
1.B。題幹：Belt還沒有去英格蘭旅行過。通過題幹中專有名詞England定位到第二段“Belt has photographed the ancient city of Petra，Jordan，as well as the green landscapes of the Lake District in England”，即“Belt曾經為約旦的佩特拉古城以及英格蘭湖區的美景拍過照片”。由此可知，Belt是去過英格蘭的，題幹資訊與文章資訊不一致，故答案為B。
2.C。題幹：Belt拍攝的照片已經獲過很多獎。根據題幹關鍵詞award進行定位，發現原文沒有相關資訊，所以該題的答案為C。
3.A。題幹：Petra是約旦一座非常古老的城市。利用題幹關鍵詞Petra可以定位到第二段“Belt has photographed the ancient city ofPetra，Jordan，”，即“Belt曾經到約旦的Petra古城去拍照”，所以該題幹資訊與原文資訊一致，因而正確答案為A。
4.C。題幹：Belt為許多雜誌工作。利用題幹關鍵詞magazines進行定位，發現原文沒有相關的句子，只是第一段第一行提到貝爾特從1978年就開始為《國家地理》雜誌工作，但是並無其他雜誌資訊，所以答案為C。
5.B。題幹：Belt只能跟說英語的人溝通。利用題幹關鍵詞connect和English—speaking可以定位到第三段“Belt has found ways to connect with people of all ages and nationalities even when she does not speak their language”，即“Belt找到了與不同年齡段和不同國籍的人溝通的方式，甚至當她不會說他fl']的語言時也可以”。可知，題幹資訊與原文資訊不符合，所以答案為B。
6.A。題幹：在惡劣天氣條件下，人們還能彼此交流。利用題幹關鍵詞connect和badweather可以定位到第四段“Even bad weather can help people to connect when they are experiencing it together”，即“一起體驗壞天氣可以幫助人們增進相互間的交流”。由此可知，題幹資訊與文章資訊相符，因此選擇A。
7.A。題幹：志願是開始拍攝生涯的一種方式。利用題幹關鍵詞photography career可以定位到第五段：“Belt has some advice if you are thinking about a career in can volunteer to take pictures for a local organization that can’t afford to hire a professionalphotographer.”即“Belt為希望從事攝影行業的人提供了一些建議：當個志願者為沒錢請專業攝影師的地方機構拍攝照片”，可知題幹資訊與原文資訊一致，所以答案為A。
第二篇
1.B。題幹：在長達2005年裡，愛爾蘭一直是世界上最適合人類居住的地方。用數字“2005”定位，文章首句有相關資訊，但首句卻說的是“愛爾蘭是2005年最適合居住的地方。”故選B。
2.C。題幹：工作安全對生活質量來講是最不重要的衡量標準。用中心詞“job security”回到原文定位，文章第三段提到了工作穩定，但是沒有說工作穩定是生活質量中最不重要的衡量標準。因此選擇C。
3.A。題幹：愛爾蘭的生活成本很高。由中心詞“the high cost ofliving”(很高的生活費用)回到原文定位，這一資訊可以在第四段中找到。資訊吻合，因此選擇A。
4.C。題幹：辛巴威的家庭生活不穩定。由專有名詞Zimbabwe(辛巴威)回到文章定位。文章並沒有提到辛巴威家庭生活是否穩定，故選擇C。
5.A。題幹：愛爾蘭位於第一位是因為它把新時期最佳的成分和一些好的傳統結合在一起。由邏輯關係詞because定位，這一資訊可以從第六段中找到，說的.是“愛爾蘭位居榜首是因為它把新時期最佳的成分和一些好的傳統結合在一起”，與題幹資訊是一致的，因此選擇A。
6.B。題幹：生活質量的測量很容易。由題幹關鍵詞回到原文定位，第七段有相關資訊：“該雜誌承認評價生活質量不是一件簡單的事。”題幹內容與原文資訊不一致，因此選擇B。
7.B。題幹：美國是位於前10的國家。由專有名詞“The United States”和數字10回到原文定位，有關此資訊可以在最後一段找到。題幹說的是“美國在前10名”，原文說它排在第13名，因此選擇B。
第三篇
1.A。題幹：當Holonyak開始研究時，他的同事們曾認為他的有關LEDs的研究將會失敗。利用題幹關鍵詞Holonyak和colleagues等可以定位到第一段第一句，該旬說：“When Nick Holonyak set out to create a new kind of visible lighting using semiconductor alloys，his colleagues thought he was unrealistic.”可知他的同事認為他是不現實的，所以題干與原文意義吻合，故選A。
2.C。題幹：Holonyak認為和他一起進行這個專案的學生遲早會獲得獎。利用題幹關鍵詞進行定位，發現通篇文章沒有提到Holonyak相信他的學生將獲得 Prize這件事，故答案為C。
3.B。題幹：Holonyak於19世紀50年代早期發明了電晶體。利用題幹關鍵詞1950s可以定位到第四段，可知發明電晶體的是Holonyak的老師John Bardeen，不是Holonyak本人，所以答案為B。
4.A。題幹：Holonyak認為LED在未來會變得很常見。利用題目順序與段落順序一致的原則和題幹關鍵詞LED可以定位到第六段的句子“…he suspected that LEDs would become ascommonplace as they are today…”，commonplace與popular的意思相近，故選A。
5.C。題幹：Holonyak認為你不要去做任何你不感興趣的事情。利用題幹關鍵詞interestedin，發現通篇文章沒有提到“不要做你不感興趣的事”，故答案為C。
6.C。題幹：Edith Flanigen是LED的唯一合作發明者。利用題幹關鍵詞Edith Flanigen和co-inventor進行定位，發現通篇文章沒有提到Edith Flanigen是Holonyak發明LEDs的合作者，更不要說是唯一的合作者，所以答案為C。
7.B。題幹：Lemelson-MIT Prize已經有100多年的歷史。利用題幹關鍵詞Lemelson-MITPrize可以定位到第二段，該段提到，2004年是the Prize成立10週年，按此推算，the Lemelson-MIT Prize是在1994年設立的，所以答案為B。
