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prize珍視 = value
lucrative 有利可圖的= profitable
ineffectively=with out any result
misleading =inaccuracy
architecture =structure 結構，建築物
accomplished完成的，熟練的=skilled,
embedded內含的，嵌入的=enclosed 被附上的
collaboration協作=joint effects
identical=the same
allow=enable
dispersal 分散，散佈= distribution
hampering妨礙，牽制 = restricting
cherished珍愛的=valuable
precision = accuracy
broadly = extensively
yearly = annual
tracking = following
tolerant = endure
rather than = instead of
transformation = conversion
sample=example
crawl爬行=move
hobby業餘愛好 = pastime 消遣，娛樂
inherent in = characteristic of
recharge再充電=refill再裝滿
devise設計，發明=create
attest to證明--confirm,
replicas複製品--copies,
extant 現存的=not extinct
be closer resemblance to=. be more like
indicate =demonstrate
thrive=flourish
fluctuating=changing
mirror反映=reflect
procure獲得=obtain
paradoxically=seemingly contradictory
counsel勸告，忠告=advice.
mock嘲弄，模仿 = pretend
spectacular引人入勝的 = impressive 印象深刻的
mimic模仿，仿製品=copy
routinely = commonly
actually = in fact = virtually
revolutionize = dramatic change
initially = originally
source = origin
prerequisite = something required (something needed to happen)
rather = instead 相反地/ in some degree在tain
sank (sink的過去式)= descended; dropped to the bottom
scant = minimum
sited = located
sophisticated = refined /elaborated /complex
ubiquitous 到處存在的 = common
unanimity = total agreement
spectator = viewer
sporadic = intermittent /irregular
stylus 鐵筆，針狀物 = pen
unconceivable = unimaginable
uniformly = evenly/ without variation/consistently
unique = sole/ distinct
warranted = authorized 授權的/justified
assume=take on 呈現/ suppose, posit 假設
foster=promote ，encourage
Plumage羽毛=feather
Composition作文，成分，混合物=mixture
relatively=comparatively
substitute=replacement
premise= assumption
within= inside
have nothing to do = in no relation to
vigorous= strong
scope=extent
collaboration n. 合作
collapse n. 倒塌;崩潰，失敗 breakdown, failure
colleague n. 同事，同僚 fellow worker, associate, co-worker
collective adj. 集體的，共同的 common
collide vi. 碰撞;衝突 bump, hit;conflict
collision n. 碰撞;衝突，牴觸 crash, impact
colloquial adj. 口語的，通俗語的 conversational, informal
colloquialism n. 俗話，白話，口語
colonize vt. 建立殖民地，拓殖 settle
vt. 定居，居於 plant
colony n. 殖民地;群體 group, community
colonial adj. 殖民的，殖民地的'
colonel n. 陸軍上校
colossal adj. 巨大的 huge, gigantic
combination n. 化和，組合 blend, union
combine v. 聯合，結合 blend, fuse, merge
combustible adj. 易燃的 flammable, burnable, inflammable
combustion n. 燃燒
comet n. 彗星
cometary adj. 彗星的，彗星似的
comic adj. 滑稽的，好笑的;喜劇的 funny, ridiculous
comical adj. 滑稽的，好笑的
commander n. 司令官，指揮員 chief, leader
commemorate vt. 紀念 remember, memorialize
comment n. 註釋，評論 remark, judgment
vi. 談及;註釋，評論
clarify vt. 澄清，闡明 illuminate, elucidate
clarification n. 澄清，淨化
classify vt. 把…分類，分等級
classification n. 分類，分級
clause n. 分句;條款 sentence, phrase
clay n. 粘土;泥土
clergy n. 牧師
clergyman n. 牧師，教士
cliff n. 懸崖峭壁 bluff, precipice
climate
n.
氣候;社會風氣或趨勢
weather condition;atmosphere, environment
climatic adj. 氣候上的
cling vi. 粘緊，附著 stick
vi. 堅持(意見)，墨守(習慣) adhere to
clinic n. 門診所 dispensary, infirmary
clinical adj. 臨床的
clip vt. 修剪 trim, cut off
clockwise adj./adv. 順時針方向的(地)
counterclockwise adj./adv. 逆時針方向的(地)
clog vt. 障礙，阻塞 congest, jam
clumsy adj. 笨拙的;愚笨的 awkward, inept
cluster n. 簇，串，群 group, bunch
vi. 叢生;聚集 concentrate, gather, assemble
clutch v. 抓住，攫取 grasp tightly
n. 一次產的或孵的蛋(或卵) coalesce vi. 聯合，合併 associate, combine
coalescence n. 合併，聯合
coalition n. 聯合，同盟 alliance, union
coarse adj. 粗糙的 rough, harsh
coax vt. 哄誘，巧言誘哄 persuade, cajole
code of laws 片語 法典
codify vt. 編成法典，編輯成書
coexist vi. 同時存在，共存 coincide
cognitive adj. 認知的;感知的
coherent adj. 粘在一起的 adhesive, cohesive
adj. 連貫的;有條理的 logical, sound
coherence
incoherence n.
n.
一致
不連貫，不一致
cohesion n. 附著(力)，凝聚力 unity, solidarity
cohesive adj. 粘著的
coil n. (一)卷;線圈 ring, roll
vt. 盤繞，卷 twist, curl
recoil vi. 彈回，反衝
coin n. 鑄幣 nickel
vt. 創造(一個新的詞語或短語) create, invent
coinage n. 造幣，貨幣制度
coincide vi. 同時發生;相符合，相巧合 occur at the same time as, correspond
coincident adj. 一致的，巧合的 concerning, simultaneous
coincidence n. 一致;同時發生或同時存在的事
collaborate vi. 協作，合作 work together, cooperate
circumference n. 圓周;周長 perimeter, periphery
circumscribe vt. 劃界限;限制 make the boundaries of; confine,restrict
circumstance n. 環境，情況 situation, condition
citadel n. 堡壘，要塞 fort, fortress
cite vt. 引用，舉例 refer to, quote
citizenship n. 公民(的身份)
civil adj. 公民的;市民的 civic
adj. 國內的
civil rights 片語 公民權
civil war 片語 內戰
civility n. 彬彬有禮，斯文
civilization n. 文明，文化 culture
civilian adj. 平民的;民用的 nonmilitary, noncombatant
n. 平民
claim n. 要求，要求權
v. 聲稱，主張
clam n. 蛤，蛤肉
clamor n. 叫囂，喧譁 outcry, uproar, commotion
reclamation n. 開墾;改造;(廢料等的)回收
clan n. 家族，宗族 faction, tribe
clap n. 拍手聲;霹靂聲
v. 鼓掌;輕拍 applaud; slapcharter v. 包租;特許 license, authorize
n. 章，章程
chart n. 海圖，圖表 graph, diagram
vt. 製圖 plot
chaste adj. 貞潔的;(思想、言論)樸素的
chat vi. 閒談 talk
chateau n. 城堡，高階旅館
check vt. 檢查，核對;阻止，控制 control, suppress, restrict
n. 支票
checkup n. 審查;身體檢查
checkout n. 檢驗，校驗
check out 片語 檢驗，校驗
paycheck n. 付薪水的支票
chef n. 廚師
cherish v. 懷抱(希望等);珍愛 harbor;treasure, value
chill vt. 使冷，變冷;冷卻 cool, freeze
n. 寒意，寒戰 coolness, coldness
chilly adj. 寒冷的 cold
chilli n. 紅辣椒
chimpanzee n. 黑猩猩
gorilla n. 大猩猩
chisel n. 鑿子 gouge
v. 砍鑿，鑿刻 cut, sculpt
chivalry n. 騎士氣概，俠義;(男人)對女人彬彬有禮，獻殷勤
choke vt. 使窒息 asphyxiate, suffocate
