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Recording Three
錄音三
Welcome to the third lecture in our series on the future of small businesses in Europe.
歡迎來到關於歐洲小企業未來的系列講座。
The purpose of today's lecture, as you have seen from the title and the abstract, is to examine in more detail the problems facing small- and medium-sized enterprises which arise at least in part from having to adapt to rapid advances in technology.
正如你從標題和摘要中看到的，今天講座的目的是更詳細地研究中小型企業面臨的問題，至少部分原因是不得不適應技術的快速發展。
And I want to look at these both from a financial and from a personnel point of view and to offer a few hopefully effective solutions.
我想從財務和人事方面來看，並提供一些但願有效的解決方案。
Here we have three of the most important problems facing small businesses that I want to look at today.
今天我們要看的是小企業面臨的三個最重要的問題。
First, keeping up with the pace of technological change, recruiting high quality staff in a time of skills shortages in IT as a whole and in a highly competitive market, and the issue of retaining staff once they've been recruited and trained.
首先是跟上技術變革的步伐，在IT整體技能短缺，市場競爭激烈的時候招聘高素質的員工，而後招聘培訓人員的問題。
Now, all of these problems involve significant costs for all businesses.
現在，所有這些問題都涉及所有企業的重大成本。
But there are particularly challenging issues for small- and medium-sized enterprises.
但中小企業還面臨著特別具有挑戰性的問題。
And those costs would vary depending on the size and scale of the businesses.
這些費用將因企業規模和規模而異。
So let's come to the first issue on our list which is keeping pace with developments in technology.
所以我們來看看我們的列表中的第一個問題：跟上技術的發展。
Now we all know that the technology industry is intensely competitive with new products being launched all year round as the various companies strive to compete with each other, rather than, say once a year or every couple of years.
現在我們都知道，技術行業全年都在推出的新產品競爭激烈，各家公司力爭相互角逐，而不是每年或每幾年一次。
And this is a real headache for smaller businesses.
這對小企業來說真是一個頭痛的地方。
So, let's imagine we have a small company which is doing OK.
所以，我們想象一下有一家執行不錯的小公司。
It's just about making a profit and it spends most of its income on overheads.
這只是賺取利潤，它的大部分收入花費在一般費用上。
So for a company in this situation, keeping up to date with the latest technology, even if it's only for the benefit of key staff, this can be hugely expensive.
所以對於這種情況下的'公司來說，保持最新的技術，即使只是為了關鍵人員的利益，都可能是非常昂貴的。
So in my view, some creative thinking needs to come in here to find ways to help companies in this situation to stay ahead in the game, but at the same time, to remain technologically competitive.
所以在我看來，為了幫助企業在這種情況下保持領先這裡需要有一些創造性思維，但與此同時還要保持技術競爭力。
Well, there's a possibility that small groups of companies with similar requirements but not directly competing with each other— they could share the cost of upgrading in much the same way as, let's say, an intranet operates within large organizations.
那麼，有可能要求類似的小公司並不直接相互競爭——他們可以以大致相同的方式分享升級成本，就像內聯網在大型組織中執行一樣。
In fact, cost-sharing could be a very practical solution, especially in times of financial difficulty.
事實上，費用分攤可能是一個非常實際的解決方案，特別是在經濟困難時期。
If there's downward pressure on costs, because of a need for investment in other areas, I would argue that this is a perfectly feasible solution.
如果成本壓力下降，由於需要投資於其他領域，我認為這是一個完全可行的解決方案。
Questions 23 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.
問題23至25基於你剛剛聽到的錄音。
Question 23. What does the speaker say about the problems facing small- and medium-sized enterprises?
問題23. 講話者說中小企業面對的問題是什麼?
Question 24. What does the speaker say about the technology industry?
問題24. 講話者說了關於科技產業的什麼?
Question 25. What is a practical solution to the problems of small- and medium-sized businesses?
問題25. 中小企業解決問題的實際解決辦法是什麼?
