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Questions 9 to 12 are based on the passage you have just heard.
9
on Mandela founded the ANC's military wing.
on Mandela was convicted of conspiracy.
past history of Nelson Mandela.
developing history of South Africa.
10
bombed power plants.
was elected president of South Africa.
was convicted of conspiracy.
founded the ANC's military wing.
11
was anxious about the cold war.
was battling ANC's military wing.
was almost hurt in a bomb explosion.
classified the ANC as a terrorist organization.
12
declared war on western countries.
fought for equality in a peaceful way.
was feared by many South Africans.
was branded as a terrorist.
Passage One
When the world mourned Nelson Mandela at his funeral on December 10, 2013, few would remember that early on, (9) the father of the modem South African nation was feared and condemned by many nations for advocating violence.
As young, Nelson Mandela had a rebellious streak. He was a founding member of the Youth League of the African National Congress, combating apartheid at a young age. In 1961, he founded and became co-chairman of the ANC's military wing.
Its tactics included bombing power plants, military installations, and transportation lines.
(l0) In 1962, Mandela was convicted of conspiracy and he began serving a life sentence two years later.
The 1960s brought a change in tactics by groups campaigning for change. Once local and confined to a specific area of conflict, they now focused on the anti-colonial unification of groups worldwide.
The 1970s and 1980s brought heightened fears of the Cold War and global terrorism.
Britain was battling the military wing of the Irish Republican Army. Analysts say Mandela was lumped along with terrorists in western perception.
(11) In 1984, British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher narrowly escaped injury when an IRA bomb exploded at a Conservative Party meeting in Brighton. Five party members were killed.
In 1987, Thatcher branded the ANC a terrorist organization.
Following South Africa's transition to black majority rule and Mandela's election as president, many feared his ascension to power.
(12) But those who feared a freed Nelson Mandela pursuing power in South Africa have watched him lead, govern, and forgive.
Question 9. What is the passage mainly talking about?
Question 10. What happened to Nelson Mandela in 1962?
Question 11. What happened to British Prime Minister in 1984?
Question 12. What happened when Nelson Mandela was elected president of South Africa?
文章一
2013年12月10日，當全世界都在納爾遜·曼德拉的葬禮上為他哀悼的時候，幾乎沒有人會記起這位現代南非之父曾經因為主張暴力而被很多國家譴責和懼怕。年輕時候的納爾遜·曼德拉有反叛傾向。他是非洲國民大會青年聯盟的創始人之一，從年輕時就開始對抗種族隔離。1961年，他建立了非洲國民大會的軍事派別，併成為其聯合主席。此軍事派別的`戰略包括炸燬發電廠、軍事設施和交通線路。1962年納爾遜·曼德拉被判犯有陰謀罪，兩年以後被判處無期徒刑。20世紀60年代，戰略發生了改變，轉變成了集體活動。他們曾侷限於關注某一特定區域出現的衝突，但是現在他們會將注意力集中在聯合全世界反殖民主義的團體上。二十世紀七八十年代是冷戰和全球恐怖分子更加嚴重的時期。英國在忙著對抗愛爾蘭共和軍的軍事派別。分析家稱在西方觀念中，曼德拉已經與恐怖分子緊密相連。1984年，當愛爾蘭共和軍的一枚炸彈在布賴頓的保守黨會場爆炸時，英國首相瑪格麗特·撒切爾僥倖沒有受傷。五名黨員被殺。1987年，撒切爾將非洲國民大會歸類為恐怖組織。後來南非出現了黑人佔多數的統治以及曼德拉當選總統的轉變，很多人都對曼德拉的掌權感到恐懼。但是那些對重獲自由並在南非追求權力的納爾遜·曼德拉感到懼怕的人看到的卻是(英明的)領導、(有力的)統治和(無私的)寬容。
問題9 這篇文章主要在講什麼?
問題10 1962年納爾遜·曼德拉發生了什麼事?
問題11 1984年，英國首相發生了什麼事?
問題12 納爾遜·曼德拉被選為南非總統時，發生了什麼事?
參考答案：
【小題9】C
【小題10】C
【小題11】C
【小題12】B
習題解析：
【小題9】這是一道主旨題，短文開頭部分提到“2013年12月10日，當全世界都在納爾遜·曼德拉的葬禮上為他哀悼的時候，幾乎沒有人會記起這位現代南非之父曾經因為主張暴力而被很多國家譴責和懼怕。”可見本文主要是回顧納爾遜·曼德拉的過去。C選項符合文意，故選C。
【小題10】短文中提到，1962年納爾遜·曼德拉被判犯有陰謀(推翻政府)罪，故本題選C。
【小題11】本題問的是“1984年英國首相發生了什麼事情”，文中提到在1984年，當愛爾蘭共和軍的一枚炸彈在布賴頓的保守黨會場爆炸時，英國首相瑪格麗特·撒切爾僥倖沒有受傷。因此，C選項“她在愛爾蘭共和軍的炸彈爆炸中差點受傷”為正確答案。
【小題12】本題屬於推斷題，短文最後提到“但是那些對重獲自由並在南非追求權力的納爾遜·曼德拉感到懼怕的人看到的卻是(英明的)領導、(有力的)統治和(無私的)寬容。”根據排除法可以推斷出答案為B。
