導語:主謂一致指“人稱”和“數”方面的一致關係。下面YJBYS小編總結了英語主謂一致七種特殊情況下的問題,歡迎參考!
一、涉及“主語+介詞短語”的主謂一致問題當主語後面帶有with, together with, but, like, except, including等介詞短語時,謂語與介詞短語前的主語保持一致。如:
No one but me knows him here. 除了我這裡沒有一個人認識他。
My son together with some friends is leaving for Shanghai tonight. 我兒子和幾個朋友今晚要去上海。
At least 20 passengers, including a driver were injured in the accident. 至少二十名乘客在事故中受傷,包括一名司機。
二、非謂語動詞和從句作主語不定式、動名詞或從句作主語,謂語動詞用單數。如:
To know something about English is one thing;to know English is quite another. 懂點英語是一回事,掌握英語完全是另一回事。
Walking is good exercise. 走路是很好的運動。
What you need is a good rest. 你需要的是好好休息。
三、指同一人或事物的並列結構作主語指同一人或事物的A and B 結構(如knife and forks刀叉, bread and buttet黃油麵包, a teacher and writer老師兼作家,fish and chips魚和炸土豆片)作主語時,謂語通常要用單數。如:
A worker and writer was present at the meeting. 一位工人作家出席了會議。
Fish and chips is a popular meal in Britain. 魚和炸土豆片在英國是很受歡迎的膳食。
四、one or two…與one / a…or two作主語“one or two +複數名詞”作主語,謂語動詞用複數;“a / one +單數名詞+or two”作主語,謂語動詞用單數。如:
Only one or two students were late today. 今天只有一兩個同學遲到。
One student or two was late today. 今天只有一兩個同學遲到。
五、四則運算中的主謂一致在四則運算中,謂語動詞一般用單數。如:
Three times six is eighteen. 三乘六得十八。
Three and five equals eight. 三加五等於八。
六、定語從句的關係代詞作主語定語從句的關係代詞作主語,謂語動詞的數與先行詞一致。注意:“one of +複數名詞+定語從句”中,從句謂語用複數,但若one前有the (only)時,從句謂語動詞用單數。如:
Tom is one of the students who were late this morning. 湯姆是今天早上遲到的那些學生中的一個。
Tom is the only one of the students who was late this morning. 在這些學生中湯姆是今天早上唯一遲到的`人。
七、強調結構中的主謂一致在強調結構(it is…that…)中,若強調的是主語,that後面的謂語動詞與被強調部分一致。例如:
It is I that am his English teacher. 我就是他的英語老師。