零基礎學英語，大家要學好語法知識，下面5大基礎英語語法知識，你能記住多少？一起來看看。
1.一般情況，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds
2.以s. x. sh. ch結尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches
3.以“子音字母+y”結尾，變y為i, 再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries
4.以“f或fe”結尾，變f或fe為v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives
5.不規則名詞複數：man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japane
6. 不可數名詞的複數就是原型： paper, juice, water, milk, rice, tea
名詞的格(1) 有生命的東西的名詞所有格：
a) 單數後加 ’s 如: Lucy’s ruler my father’s shirt
b) 以s 結尾的複數名詞後加 ’如: his friends’ bags
c) 不以s 結尾的複數後加 ’s children’s shoes
並列名詞中，如果把 ’s加在最後一個名詞後，表示共有, 如:
Tom and Mike’s car 湯姆和邁克共有的'小汽車
要表示所有物不是共有的，應分別在並列名詞後加’s
Tom’s and Mike’s cars 湯姆和麥克各自的小汽車
(2)表示無生命東西的名詞通常用“ of +名詞”來表示所有關係：如:
a picture of the classroom a map of China
不定冠詞，定冠詞種類1. (1)不定冠詞：a / an a unit / an uncle
母音開頭的可數名詞前用an :
an egg / an apple / an orange / an eraser / an answer / an ID card / an alarm clock / an actor / an actress / an e-mail / an address / an event / an example / an opera / an houran old man / an interesting book / an exciting sport / an action movie / an art lesson /
(2)定冠詞：the
the egg the plane
2. 用法:定冠詞的用法：
(1)特指某(些)人或某(些)物： The ruler is on the desk
(2)複述上文提到的人或物：He has a sweater. The sweater is new.
(3)談話雙方都知道的人或物：The boys aren’t at school.
(4)在序數詞前： John’s birthday is February the second.
(5)用於固定片語中： in the morning / afternoon / evening
不用冠詞的情況(1)專有名詞前：China is a big country.
(2)名詞前有定語：this , that , my , your , some, any , no 等：This is my baseball.
(3)複數名詞表示一類人和事：Monkeys can’t swim. They are teachers.
(4)在節日，日期，月份，季節前：Today is Christmas Day. It’s Sunday.
(5)一日三餐前：We have breakfast at 6:30.
(6)球類 棋類運動前：They often play football after class. He plays chess at home.
但樂器前要用定冠詞：I play the guitar very well.
(7)學科名稱前：My favorite subject is music.
(8)在稱呼或頭銜的名詞前：This is Mr Li.
(9)固定片語中：at noon at night by bus
語法知識三：常用介詞：in, on, at, behind等
表示時間概念的某一個點。(在某時刻、時間、階段等)。
at 1：00(dawn，midnight，noon)在一點鐘(黎明、午夜、中午)
1)表示具體日期。
注：(1)關於"在週末"的幾種表示法：
at(on)the weekend在週末---特指
at(on)weekends在週末---泛指
over the weekend在整個週末
during the weekend在週末期間
(2)在聖誕節，應說at Christmas？而不說on Christmas？
2)在(剛……)的時候。
On reaching the city he called up his parents.
一到城裡他就給父母打了一個電話。
1)表示"時段"、"時期"，在多數情況下可以和during互換，前者強調對比，後者強調持續。 in(during)1988(December，the 20th century)在一九八八年(十二月、二十世紀)
動詞的四種時態(1)一般現在時：
一般現在時的構成
1. be動詞：主語+be(am, is, are)+其它。如： I am a boy. 我是一個男孩。
2. 行為動詞：主語+行為動詞(+其它)。 如： We study English. 我們學習英語。
當主語為第三人稱單數(he, she, it)時，要在動詞後加"-s"或"-es"。如：Mary likes Chinese.瑪麗喜歡漢語。
動詞+s的變化規則
1.一般情況下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, milk-milks
2.以s. x. sh. ch. o結尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes
3.以“子音字母+y”結尾，變y為i, 再加-es，如：study-studies
(2)一般過去時:
動詞過去式詳解 動詞的過去式的構成規則有：
A、規則動詞
① 一般直接在動詞的後面加ed：如 worked , learned , cleaned , visited
② 以e結尾的動詞直接加d：如 lived , danced , used
③ 以子音字母加y結尾的動詞要改y為i再加ed(此類動詞較少)如 study – studied carry – carried worry – worried (注意play、stay不是子音字母加y,所以不屬於此類)
④ 雙寫最後一個字母(此類動詞較少)如 stopped
B、不規則動詞(此類詞並無規則，須熟記)國小階段要記住以下動詞的原形和過去式：sing – sang , eat – ate ,
see – saw , have – had , do – did , go – went , take – took , buy – bought , get – got , read – read ,fly – flew , am/is – was ,
are – were , say – said , leave – left , swim – swam , tell – told , draw – drew , come – came , lose – lost , find – found , drink – drank , hurt – hurt , feel – felt
(3)一般將來時：
基本結構：
①be going to + do;
②will+ do. be going to = will
I am going to go swimming tomorrow(明天). = I will go swimming tomorrow.
(4)現在進行時: am,is,are+動詞現在分詞
動詞現在分詞詳解 動詞的ing形式的構成規則：
① 一般的直接在後面加上ing , 如doing , going , working , singing , eating
② 以e 結尾的動詞，要先去e再加ing ，如having , writing
③ 雙寫最後一個字母的(此類動詞極少)有：running , swimming , sitting , getting.
