一．定義：
在複合句中修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句。
二．特點：
1.先行詞：定語從句所修飾的名詞或代詞
2. 關聯詞：
1）引出定語從句，並作從句的一個成分。可作主語、賓語、定語、狀語，作賓語可省略。
2）關聯詞包括關係代詞和關係副詞。關聯詞位於先行詞和定語從句之間。
關係代詞：that, which, who, whom, whose代指先行詞。
關係副詞：when, where, why作時間狀語。
三．基本結構：
先行詞+關聯詞+定語從句剩餘部分
四．關係代詞的用法：
1. that 和which
that指人或物，作主語或賓語，作賓語可省略，主語不能。
Which指物，不指人，作主語或賓語，作賓語可省略，主語不能。
His father works in a factory that/which makes TV sets.
Who was hurt in the accident that/which happened yesterday?
The coat (which/that) I put on the desk is black.
注意：The room in which I live is very big. (在介詞後面不能用that)
2.只能用that不能用which引導的`定語從句：
1) 先行詞被形容詞最高階修飾時，定語從句只能用that
This is the most interesting story (that) I have ever heard.
2）先行詞被序數詞修飾時，定語從句只能用that
The children like the second lesson that is about “The Football Match”.
3）先行詞被the only，the very 或the same等修飾，定語從句只能用that引導。
It is the only word (that) I know in the passage.
Where is the very book (that) I bought just now?
This is the (same) bicycle (that) I lost.
4）先行詞為everything，something，anything，all，none，much，little，few等不定代詞時，定語從句只能用that
I want everything (that) I want.
I am writing to tell you about something very strange that happened to me last week.
5)先行詞被不定代詞all, any, no, every, little, much, many修飾時，只能用that
Here is all the money (that) I have.
6)先行詞是同時含有“人和物”的名詞時，定語從句只能用that
I can remember well the persons and some pictures (that) I see in the room.
7)定語從句所修飾的詞為the one 時，定語從句用that引導
Is it the one（that）you want？
8）為了避免重複，在疑問詞who之後，用that 引導定語從句
Who is the girl that won the first place?
3. who和whom
who指人，在句中作主語和賓語，作賓語可省略。
Whom指人，在句中只能作賓語，可省略，但在介詞後面不能省略。
Who is the teacher that Xiao Li is talking to?
The doctor with whom she went to the United States last month is very famous.
=The doctor who/whom/that she went to the United States with last month is very famous.
五.關係副詞的用法：
1. when指時間，在定語從句中作時間狀語
I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing. when=on which
e 指地點，在定語從句中作地點狀語。
This is the house where I lived two years ago.
指原因，在定語從句中作原因狀語，其先行詞只有表示原因的reason一詞.
We don’t know the reason why he was late for school.
1.I know the boy ____________ you gave the book____________.
;to h;to whom;to ;to him
in is the very place ____________ I’m anxious to pay a visit.
h which which
you been to Hangzhou____________ West Lake is the most beautiful in our country?
e h e
4.I know the student ____________ you borrowed the pen.
whom which
are players from Japan，____________ are our old friends.
e
arrived at the farmhouse in front of ____________ sat a small boy.
place h
is the day ____________ I’ll never forget.
A./ which which
letter is from my sister，____________ is working in Beijing.
h
9.I bought a book，____________ I can’t remember now.
title e title title of it title of that
10.I want to use the same dictionary ____________ was used yesterday.
h
is good at English，____________ we all know.
12.I’ll never forget the days ________ we spent together in the countryside.
which h which
is the best film ____________ I have ever seen.
h that
is the only one of the students ____________ from Shanghai.
is are are come
Scott is one of the foreign experts who ____________ in China.
s working working been working
16.I，who ____________ in America，feel proud of being a Chinese.
B./ g
’ll never forget the people and the place ________ she visited in Beijing last year.
h e
you know the reason ____________ he was late?
what h which
答案
1~5 ADABD 6~10 CACBD 11~18 BCAAC CAC
