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what用法定語從句

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  what用法定語從句

  一:關係代詞的用法 關係代詞 指代物件及在從句中所作的成分使用要點

what用法定語從句

what:

即指人又指物;作主語或賓語(作賓語時可省略)只用於限制性定語從句中,介詞後面不能跟that。 當代替物時,可以與which通用。

Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress that I gave her.

昨天艾米麗穿了我送給她的新衣服。

I have a friend that likes listening to classical music我有個朋友喜歡聽古典音樂

which;

指物;作主語或賓語(作賓語時可省略)

在非限定性定語從句中,只宜用which,不能用that.在限定性定語從句中,可用在介詞之後。

My parents live in a house which is more than 100 years old

我的父母住在一座具有100多年歷史的房子裡

who,whom:

指人;作主語或賓語(whom常可省略) 先行詞必須為人。Who可代替在從句中擔任賓語的whom,若前有介詞,須用whom

A couch potato is a person who spends a lot of time watching TV. “A couch potato”指那種成天沉湎於電視中的人。

The student(whom)I taught two years ago has joined the army.

我兩年前教的那個學生已經參軍了。

whose 既指人又指物;作定語 是代詞的所有格, 代物時,相當於of which。

The room whose window faces south is mine. 那個窗戶朝南的房間是我的。

注意:whose指物時,常用of which結構來代替。如:

The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.

=The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.

that;

即指人又指物;作主語或賓語(作賓語時可省略)

只用於限制性定語從句中,介詞後面不能跟that。 當代替物時,可以與which通用。

Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress that I gave her.

昨天艾米麗穿了我送給她的新衣服。

I have a friend that likes listening to classical music我有個朋友喜歡聽古典音樂。

which

指物;作主語或賓語(作賓語時可省略)

在非限定性定語從句中,只宜用which,不能用that.在限定性定語從句中,可用在介詞之後。

My parents live in a house which is more than 100 years old

我的父母住在一座具有100多年曆史的`房子裡

who,whom

指人;作主語或賓語(whom常可省略) 先行詞必須為人。Who可代替在從句中擔任賓語的whom,若前有介詞,須用whom

A couch potato is a person who spends a lot of time watching TV. “A couch potato”指那種成天沉湎於電視中的人。

The student(whom)I taught two years ago has joined the army.

我兩年前教的那個學生已經參軍了。

whose 既指人又指物;作定語 是代詞的所有格, 代物時,相當於of which。

The room whose window faces south is mine. 那個窗戶朝南的房間是我的。

注意:whose指物時,常用of which結構來代替。如:

The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.

=The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.

  二、用法歸納

1. 表示“的東西或事情”:

They’ve done what they can to help her. 他們已經盡力幫助了她。 He saves what he earns. 他賺多少,積蓄多少。 What Mary is is the secretary. 瑪麗的職務是祕書。 2. 表示“的人或的樣子”:

He is no longer what he was. 他已經不是以前的那個樣子。 He is what is generally called a traitor. 他就是人們通常所說的叛徒。

Who is it that has made Fred what he is now? 是誰把弗雷德k1nz-0.html" target="_blank" >培養成現在這個樣子的? 3. 表示“的數量或數目”:

Our income is now double what it was ten years ago. 我們現在的收入是10年前的兩倍。 The number of the students in our school is ten times what it was before liberation. 現在我校學生的數量是解放前的10倍。 4. 表示“的時間”:

After what seemed like hours he came out with a bitter smile. 似乎過了幾個小時他才苦笑著出來。

The young girl was too frightened to speak, standing there for what seemed like hours. 小女孩嚇得不敢說話,在那兒站了幾個小時。 5. 表示“的地方”:

This is what they call Salt Lake City. 這就是他們稱為鹽湖城的地方。

In 1492, Columbus reached what is now called America. 1492年哥倫布到達了現在所稱的美洲大陸。 二、用法提示

注意what不能引導定語從句。

正:You can have what you like.(賓語從句) / You can have everything (that) you like.(定語從句)

誤:You can have everything what you like.