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高中定語從句講解:who, whom, that的特殊用法

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  定語從句講解:who, whom, that的特殊用法:

高中定語從句講解:who, whom, that的特殊用法

  一、只能用that的情況,

先行詞為everything,all,little,much等不定代詞時;

先行詞被all,every,no,any,some,little,much,one修飾時;

先行詞被the only,the very,the same,the last修飾時;

先行詞被序數詞或形容詞最高階修飾時;

先行詞是be的表語或there be 的主語時;

先行詞有人又有物時;

當主句是以who或which開頭的特殊疑問句時。

  二、which,that的用法

  1,which,that 用來指物(有六種情況只可用that而不用which)

(用作主語、賓語,作賓語時可以省略),例如:

(1)The prosperity which/that had never appeared before took on in the countryside.農村出現了前所未有的繁榮。(which/that在從句中作主語)

(2)The package (which/that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.你拿那個包裹快要散開了。(which/that在從句中作賓語)

注:which在定語從句中指物,可作主語或及物動詞或介詞的賓語,作賓語時可省略;that在定語從句中既可指人又可指物,在定語從句中作主語、賓語和表語,作賓語時可省略,指人時,相當於who或whom,指物時,相當於which,作介詞賓語時,介詞不可提到 that前,當介詞提前時,需要用which或whom來代替。

  2、whose

(只用作定語)“whose”表示誰(可以為人也可以為物)的(東西)

例:A child whose parents are dead is called an orphan.雙親都死了的孩子叫做孤兒。(“whose parents”表示那個孩子的.雙親)

He lives in a room whose window faces south.他住的那個房子的窗戶是朝南的。(“whose”表示那個房子的窗戶)

關係代詞:在句中作主語、賓語或定語。

1. that既可代表事物也可代表人,“which”代表事物;它們在從句中作主語或賓語,作賓語可省略“that”在從句中作賓語時常可省略關係詞,“which”在從句省略。[eg:This is the book (which)you want.]

2.如果which在從句中作“不及物動詞+介詞”的介詞的賓語,注意介詞不要丟掉,而且介詞總是放在關係代詞which的前面,但有的則放在它前面的位置。

  3. 代表物時的that常被省略;

c)被形容詞最高階修飾時;既有人又有物時;

e)整個句中前面已有“which”,“why”行

關係副詞:在句中作狀語

關係副詞=介詞+關係代詞

why=for which

where=in/ at/ on which(介詞同先行詞搭配)

when=during/ on/ in/……

1. “where”是關係副詞,當然也不用“that”引導。

By the time when you arrived in London, we had stayed there for two weeks. 當你到達倫敦的時候,我們在那裡已經待了兩個星期。

I still remember the place where I met her for the first time. 我仍然記得我第一次見到她的地方。

Each time when he goes to business trip, he brings a lot of living necessities, such as towels, soap, toothbrush etc. 他每次出差都帶著生活必需品,如毛巾,肥皂,牙刷等其他東西。

2. 當從句的邏輯主語是some, any, no, somebody, anybody, nobody, something, anything, everything或nothing時,常用“there is”開頭。

There is somebody here who wants to talk to you. 這裡有人要和你說話。

分作進一步說明,通常是引導詞和先行詞之間用逗號隔開,將從句拿掉後其他部分仍可成立。