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定語從句中的that和which用法區別

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定語從句中的that和which用法區別
  定語從句中的that和which用法區別

1. 當先行詞為all, much, little, none及由any, every, some, no所構成的複合不定代詞時。

如:

Please tell me anything that you know about the matter.

有關此事,凡是你所知道的請告訴我。

2. 當先行詞被any, few, little, no, all, much, some等詞修飾時。

如:You can take any seat that is free.

任何空著的座位你都可以坐。

3. 當先行詞為序數詞或被序數詞所修飾時。

如:

This is the fourth film that has been shown in our school this term.

這是我們校本學期放映的第四部電影。

4. 當先行詞為形容詞最高階或被形容詞最高階修飾時。

如:

This is the most interesting story book that I have ever read.

這是我讀過的一本有趣的故事書。

5. 當先行詞被the very, the only, the last, the just, the same等修飾時。

如:

The only thing that we could do was to wait.

我們唯一能做的事就是等待。

注意:先行詞被the same修飾時,關係代詞也可用as。

如:I need the same book that / as you have.

我需要有你一樣的書。

6. 當先行詞既包含人又包含物時。

如: They are talking of the heroines and their deeds that interest them.

他們正在談論他們感興趣的女英雄及她們的事蹟。

7. 當先行詞是疑問代詞who,which,what或主句以這些詞開頭時。

如:

Who that has ever worked together with him doesn’t admire him?

曾經和他一起工作過的誰不欽佩他?

8. 當先行詞為主句表語或關係代詞為從句表語時。

如:

Our school is no longer the place that it used to be.

我們的學校現在已不是過去的那個樣子了。

9. 先行詞為time時,當time表示次數,引導詞用that, 可省略。 當表示時間,可用that或when引導,都可省略。

如:

I did't remember the exact time (when/that) I arrived in Shanghai last month.

我不記得上個月到達上海的.確切時間了。

最後,請注意以下幾種只能使用which的情況:

1. 在“介詞+關係代詞”結構中,關係代詞必須用which。

如:

This is the reference book of which the teacher is speaking.

這就是老師正在談及的那本參考書。

注意: 如果介詞不放在修飾事物的限定性定語從句的句首, which就可換為that,例如:

This is the question which/that we’ve had so much discussion about. =This is the question about which we’ve had so much discussion.

這就是我們已經多次討論過的問題。

2. 先行詞為“those+表事物的複數名詞”時, 關係代詞通常只用which而不用that。

如:You should grasp well those skills which may be used in the future work.

你應該掌握好這些可以用到未來工作中的技能

最後,記得這個特殊情況吧:當先行詞是表示原因或方式的名詞時,可以用that引導定語從句,相當於介詞+which,that可以省略。

如:

He didn’t like the way that (=in which) she speaks to his mother.

他不喜歡她對他的母親那樣說話。

Imagine the speed that (=at which) he drives the car.

很難想象,他開車開得那麼快。