1.因果關係
因：because、because of、for、as、since、in that、on account of、with
果：so、so that、therefore、thereby、as a result、hence、thus、consequently、accordingly
因果關係除了傳統意義上的'顯性因果表達詞外，隱性的因果同樣是不可忽略的一個重要部分。
隱性因果：
A 導致(因-果)：cause、reason、lead to、give rise to、result in、render、make、let、ask、push、stimulate、fuel、produce
如：The increased presures of expanding population have led to the removal of woody plants so that many cities and tow are surrounded by large areas completely lacking in trees.
在這段話中，有lead to表示了導致的意思，即結果，而so that更進一步表示了後面的結果，所以可以充分判定這段話有因果關係的邏輯。
B 由 而來(果-因)：result from、derive from、originate from、initiate from、stem from、be attributable to
如： The extreme serioue of desertification results from the vast areas of land and tremendous numbers of people affected，as well as from the great difficulty of reversing or even slowing the proce.
在這段話中，根據result from可以推斷出有因果關係，那如果是解釋句子題時，選項中有因果關係就可以優先考慮。
