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如何判定定語從句

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如何判定定語從句呢?可能很多人都不是很清楚,下面就是小編分享的判定定語從句的方法,一起來看一下吧。

如何判定定語從句

位置:先行詞之後 例:Those who are willing to attend the party , sign your name please. 定語從句是由關係代詞或關係副詞引導的從句,其作用是作定語修飾主句的某個名詞性成分,相當於形容詞,所以又稱為形容詞性從句,一般緊跟在它所修飾的先行詞後面. 引導定語從句的關聯詞稱為關係詞,關係詞有關係代詞和關係副詞.關係代詞有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等,絕對沒有“what”;關係副詞有where, when, why等.關係詞常有3個作用: ①連線作用,引導定語從句. ②代替先行詞. ③在定語從句中擔當一個成分. 注:關係代詞有主語、賓語之分.一般whom作為賓語.關係代詞在從句中作主語,賓語,表語,定語等,關係副詞在從句中作地點狀語(where)時間狀語(when),原因狀語(why).

定語

定語用來限定、修飾名詞或代詞,是對名詞或代詞起修飾、限定作用的詞、短語(動詞不定式短語、動名詞表示的)漢語中常用“……的”表示.主要由形容詞擔任,此外,名詞、代詞、數詞、分詞、副詞、不定式以及介詞短語也可以來擔任,也可以由一個句子來擔任.單詞作定語時通常放在它所修飾的詞之前,作前置定語.短語、從句作定語時則放在所修飾的詞之後,作後置定語. 被定語從句修飾的名詞、代詞稱為先行詞.如“The man”、“The book”.

關係代詞引導的定語從句舉例

關係代詞所代替的先行詞是人或物的名詞或代詞,並在從句中充當主語、賓語、定語等成分.關係代詞在定語從句中作主詞保持一致.

1,who, whom, that

這些詞代替指人,“whom”作賓語指人,“that”既可作主語又可作賓語(作賓語可以省略),可以指人也可以指物.在從句中所起作用如下: (1)Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他是那個想見你的男人嗎?(who/that在從句中作主語) (2)He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天見的那個人.(whom/that在從句中作賓語) (3)The man whom you spoke to just now is our English teacher. 你剛剛說話的那個男人是我們的英語老師.

2,Whose 用來指人或物

(只用作定語, 等,作賓語時可以省略),例如: (1)Prosperitywhich / that had neppearsin te. 農村出現了前所未有的繁榮.(which / that在從句中作主語) (2)The package (which / that) you are carryingis about to come unwrapped.你拿那個包裹快要散開了.(which / that在從句中作賓語)

whose

“whose”表示誰(可以為人也可以為物)的(東西) 例:A child whose parents are dead is called an arphan.雙親都死了的`孩子叫做孤兒.(“whose”表示那個孩子的雙親) He lives in a room whose window faces south.他住的那個房子的窗戶是朝南的.(“whose”表示那個房子的窗戶) 關係代詞:在句中作主語、賓語或定語. 1. that既可代表事物也可代表人,“which”代表事物;它們在從句中作主語或賓語,“that”在從句中作賓語時常可省略關係詞,“which”在從省略.[eg:This is the book (which)you want.] 2. 不及物動詞+介詞”的介詞的賓語代詞“wh”放在它原來的位置. 3. 代表物時多這時的that常被省略; c)被形容詞最高階修飾時;既有人又有物時; e)整個句中前面已有“which”,“wh”行 關係副詞:在句中作狀語 關係副詞=介詞+關係代詞 why=for which where=in/ at/ on which(介詞同先行詞搭配) when=during/ on/ in/…… which(介詞同先行詞搭配) 1. “where”是關係代詞,當然也不用“that”引導. By the time when you arrived in London, we had stayed there for two weeks. 到你到達倫敦的時候,我們在那裡已經待了兩個星期. I still remember the her. 我仍然記得我第一次見到她. Each time when he goes to business trip, he brings a lot of living necessities, such as towels, soap, toothbrush etc. 他每次出差都帶來了生活必需品,如毛巾,肥皂,牙刷等其他東西. 3. 當從句的邏輯主語是some, any, no, somebody, anybody, nobody, something, anything, everything或nothing時,常用“there is”開頭. There is somebody here who wants to talk to you. 這裡有人要和你說話. 分作進一步說明,通常是引導詞和先行詞之間用逗號隔開,將從句拿掉後其他部分仍可成立.

非限制性定語從句

意義: 非限制性定語從句起補充說明作用,缺少也不會影響全句的理解.在非限制性定語從句的前面往往有逗號隔開,如若將非a lovely garden. 我去年買的的房子帶著個漂亮的花園. This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching. 這本我已經讀過三遍的小說很感人. 3. 非限定性定語從句可將整個主句作為先行詞, 對其進行修飾, 這時從句謂語動詞要用第三人稱單數,例如: He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me.他似乎沒抓住我的意思,這使我心煩. Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation. 液態水變為蒸汽,這就叫做蒸發. 4. 有時as也可用作關係 5. 在非限定性定語從句中,不能用關在從句中做主語 (1)The boys who are playing football are from Class One. 在踢足球的男孩們是一班的. (2)Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way. 昨天,我幫助了一個迷路的老人.

whom指人

注意:關係代詞“whom”在口語和非正式語體中常用“who”代替,可省略. 如果在從句中做賓語,就用“whom”或“who”. He is the man whom has an English book. 他就是那個有英語書的男人. You just meet the person whom is my friend. 你剛剛見到的那個人就是我的朋友.

whose通常指人也可指物

在定語從句中做定語,表所有. (1)He has a friend whose father is a doctor. 他有一個朋友的父親是醫生. (2)I once lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.我曾經住在一座現在已經倒塌的房子中. “whose”指物時通常以以下結構來代替: (3)What is the ball isa game which is liked by most 顏色是什麼.足球是大多數男孩都喜歡的遊戲. (4)This is the pen(which)he bought yesterday. 這是他昨天剛買的鋼筆.

that指人時

相當於“who”或者“whom”;指物時,相當於“which”當前頭有最高階序數詞“all”不定代詞時必須用“that”. 在定語從句中做主語、表語或者賓語,做賓語時可省略. (5)The number of the people that/who come to visit the city each year rises one million. 每年來這座城市觀光的遊客數目上升了100萬. (6)Where is the man this morning? 今天早上這個男人在哪?

when指時間

在定語從句中做時間狀語也可做連線詞用. (1)(1) I still remember the day when I first came to the school. (2) The time when we got together finally came.

why指原因

在定語從句中做原因狀語. (1)Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane. (2)I don't know the reason why he lookswhen/in which he was going to school he began to know what he wanted when he grew up.