四級翻譯練習
after I slapped him on the back_______________________（他才發現我並高興得叫起來）.
2.I don’t mind your_____________(你延期做出決定)the decision as long as it is not too late.
3. In the Chinese household, grandparents and other relatives_____________(起著不可缺少的作用) in raising children.
4.I___________________________(毫不費力地)solving this problem.
I __________________(發現他騙我)I stopped buying thins there and started dealing with another shop.
答案及解析：
he notice me and shouted with happiness
本題主要考察only引起的半倒裝句。其結構為only+強調內容+助動詞+主語+謂語+其它。這裡要注意句子中兩個並列的動作發生，一個是“發現我”，另一個是“高興得叫起來”。
2. delaying making
mind作及物動詞，後面通常接名詞、代詞、V-ing形式、複合結構、從句等。delay後接動詞時，應該接動詞的ing形式。
3. play indispensable roles
play a part/role in 起著……作用，飾演……的角色。
no trouble in
本題主要考察固定結構。”have (no) trouble in doing sth”表示“做...（沒）有困難”，該題還要注意時態問題。
5. caught /found him cheating me
find/catch+賓語+賓補，如I found him standing by the river.
四級翻譯
1._______________(證據肯定早已被破壞了) completely before the police arrived.
practice of ________________(考試前熬夜學習)will not necessarily work for every student.
ge arrived at the office ahead of time _______________(只為了給老闆留下好印象).
resolution that ___________(他調到總部)was approved by General Manager.
didn't like this job _____________(儘管條件比之前的好).
答案解析:
evidence must have already been destroyed
考查被動語態:“證據”是“被破壞”，需要用被動語態。情態動詞:must表示肯定的推測，且“證據被破壞”先於the police arrived發生，所以用情態動詞的完成時。“證據”的表達為evidence。
ing up studying before an examination
“熬夜”的表達為stay up,“熬夜學習”就是stay up studying。考查動名詞用法:空前出現的of是介詞，跟在其後的動詞片語“熬夜學習”要變成動名詞的形式，修飾名詞practice。
to make a good impression on his/the boss
“給…留下印象”譯作make an impression on…。“印象”之前的修飾語good在翻譯時不能遺漏。考查目的狀語:“只為了”的表達為only to，其結構為only to do sth.表示目的。
(should)be transferred to headquarter
考查虛擬語氣:某些表示建議，請求，命令，主張以及“重要性”，“緊迫性”等概念的名詞充當主語時，其後的同位語從句需要用虛擬語氣。具體結構為（should）+動詞原形。這樣的名詞有:demand,desire,requirement,advice,recommendation,suggestion,order,proposal和resolution等。“調任”表達為transfer;“總部”表達為headquarter。考查被動語態:他是“被調任”，需要用被動語態。
gh the condition was better than the previous one
考查讓步狀語從句:在句子中所以用though。考查比較級:“比…好” 用be better than。考查one的用法:句子前面已經提到了job,為了避免重複，用one代替。
四級翻譯
1._____________________(儘管他已筋疲力盡)，he still kept on running.
people believe that international tourism _________________________(對經濟發展有積極作用) local government should be encouraged to promote it.
my way to the important interview,________________(他所做的就是祝我好運).
to the unexpected changes,______________(這個計劃需要修改).
5.________________(遇難者能否在災難中生還)depends on many uncertain factors.
答案解析:
ough/Though he was exhausted
考查讓步狀語從句:用Although或Though表示“雖然，儘管”的意思。“筋疲力盡”的表達為be exhausted。
s an active role in economic growth/development // has positive effects on economic growth/development
“有作用”的表達常用play a role或have an effect on 結構。“積極的”常用active和positive，“發展”可用growth或development。
he did was to wish me good luck//what he did was wishing me good luck
考查主語從句:用what引導主語從句。主語的表達:可用不定式或動名詞作表語。“祝好運”表達為wish sb good luck.
plan has to be revised/modified
考查被動語態:“計劃”與“修改”是被動關係，用be done的`被動結構。修改”的常用表達為revise或modify。
her the victims can survive the disaster
考查主語從句:所需翻譯的句子為該句的主語，“能否…”提示從句用Whether引導，注意在主語從句中只能用whether，不能用if。表示“存活，活下來，倖免於難”，用survive，後直接跟賓語，注意此處不能加介詞from。只有在表示習慣，習俗，禮儀等沿襲時才用survive from。
四級翻譯
1. Many college graduates find it difficult to get an ideal job today _________________(即使他們有學士學位).
2._____________________(與你對公司的貢獻相比)，what I have done was unworthy of mentioning.
experts recommend that______________(不應太強調語法的重要性)at the early stage of children's language learning.
r supper she would sit down by the fire,_________________(有時長達一小時).
a lot of assignments in hand,you __________________(不該出席昨晚的閉幕式).
答案解析:
if/though they get Bachelor's degree
考查even if/though 引導的讓步狀語從句。學士學位的固定表達:Bachelor's degree。
ared with your contribution to the company/In comparison with your contribution to the company
與…相比，可以翻譯為 Compared with或In comparison wih,對…的貢獻譯作contribution to。
rtance shouldn't be attached to grammar too much
recommend表建議，其後面的賓語從句謂語動詞要用虛擬語氣，其形式為(should)+動詞原形。“強調…的重要性”表達為attach importance to。“語法”是強調的動作承受者，需要用被動結構。
times for as long as an hour
（時間上）“長達”,用as long as 結構。表示時間段用介詞for。
ldn't/oughtn't to have attend the closing ceremony last night
情態動詞+have+過去分詞結構表示對過去情況的猜測。待譯部分隱含“不該做但已經做了”的意味，用shouldn't/oughtn't to have + 過去分詞表示。閉幕式用the closing ceremony表達；出席:attend。
四級詞彙與語法練習
refused to ___ the door key to the landlady until she got ba ck herdeposit.
A. hand in
out
down
over
2. Physics is the present?day equivalent of ____ used to be called natural philosophy, from ?____? most of present?day science arose.
A. which, what
B. that, which ?
C. what, which
D. what, that?
3. He ___ unwisely, but he was at least trying to do something helpful.
A. may have acted
B. must have acted
C. should act
D. would act
4. ____?the center of our planetary system was considered as heresy by the church in the Middle Ages.
A. It is the sun and not the earth ?
B. That the sun and not the earth?
C. Being the sun and not the earth ?
D. The sun and not the earth?
5. The reason that his property was confiscated by the country, it ?____?, was that he was involved in a lot of fraudulent activities during the war.
A. was turned out
B. was being turned out?
C. being turned out
D. turned out?
答案與解析：
1．D
在領回押金前，她拒絕將大門鑰匙交給女房東。本題為短語辨析題。hand in意為“遞交，上交，提出”；hand out意為“分發，交給，取出”；hand down意為“留傳下來，把……傳下去”；hand over意為“交出，移交”。根據句意，選項D為正確答案。
2. C
當今的物理就是以前被稱之為自然哲學的等同物，大多數現代科學都產生於自然哲學。what used to be called作定語，修飾natural philosophy,from which引導一個非限制性定語從句。
3．A
他過去也許做得不是十分明智，但至少他在努力做一些有益的事情。 本題考查對情態動詞及虛擬語氣用法的掌握。may + have + 過去分詞，表示對過去事情的猜測，may表示不確定，意為“過去也許……”；must表確定性的猜測，用來提示說話人假設某人在過去曾做過某事，說話人對其假設的內容十分肯定，意為“過去一定……”。根據句意，選項A為正確答案。
4. B
太陽系的中心是太陽而不是地球這一事實被中世紀的教會認為是異端邪說。That引導主語從句，全句的謂語是was considered.?
5. D
後來證明他的財產被國家沒收的原因是，戰爭期間他參與了詐騙活動。it turned out (to be)這裡作插入語，意為“證明是…”。
四級翻譯
1. Althrough her life, this woman applies herself to___________(幫助她女兒康復).
2. It needs the whole team's efforts___________(按原計劃實施這項工程).
week in his class,Professor Lee said that _____________________________(月亮繞著地球轉).
4._____________________(每次他錯過火車),he would go to the nearby bar for beer.
realized her dream of becoming a writer eventually ____________(在歷盡艱辛之後).
答案解析:
ing her daughter(to) recover.
"專心做某事“的固定搭配是apply oneself to, to是介詞，後面要跟名詞性成分，故用名詞或動名詞。“康復”的表達為recover(from)。"幫助某人做某事"的表達為help sb. (to) do sth或help sb. with sth. 。
implement this project as planned
名詞性從句在表達客觀規律時，應用一般現在時，此時不要求與主句時態保持一致。“實施”的表達為implement, 也可用carry out.“按原定計劃"的表達是as planned.
moon revolves the earth
名詞性從句在表達客觀規律時，應用一般現在時，此時不要求與主句時態保持一致。旋轉的表達為revolve。自然界獨一無二事物的名詞前面用定冠詞修飾，如the earth,the moon。
y time he missed the train
一些表示時間的名詞片語，如the moment,last time,next time,every time等可用來引導時間狀語從句。錯過的表達為miss。從句的動作先於主句，主句用了過去將來時，故從句用一般過去時。
r she went through many hardships
after引導的時間狀語從句。歷盡艱辛，用go through many hardships表達；也可以用endure many hardships。
