在大學英語四級考試中，閱讀理解是需要考生準備一些技巧的。為此本站小編為大家帶來大學英語四級考試的閱讀理解的必備技巧。
推斷題要求考生根據文章陳述的觀點或描述的事實進行推斷，從而得出合乎邏輯的結論。推斷需建立在對文章相關資訊透徹理解的基礎上，即根據題目要求與提示，找到文正相關資訊且準確把握其深層含義或句間的邏輯關係，得出正確的推論。
1.正確選項特徵
(1)凡是能從文中合理推斷出的資訊，都與主旨相關;
(2)合理推斷只能從原文提供的資訊範圍內進行推斷，不能憑藉經驗或常識進行推理。
2.錯誤選項特徵
(1)過度推理：備選項雖是從文中資訊推出，但超出文章範圍，屬於過度推理;
(2)常識干擾：符合常識但是不是從文中推理出來的;
(3)曲解文意：對文中資訊的.曲解，推理錯誤。
3.答題技巧
(1) 正確選項中經常含有不肯定或者委婉詞彙，表示不絕對化。此類詞彙有may,could,probably,sometimes,usually,often等;
(2)在推斷選項中，錯誤選項長含有絕對化詞彙。如：never,always,absolutely,nothing,everyone,necessary,indispensable等;
(3)正確選項多是概括性選項，合乎常理且意思深刻;而照搬原文或對原文作字面解釋的選項則不是正確答案;
英語四級考試的閱讀必備技巧：主旨要義題主要考察大家對整篇文章的理解能力。主要是對文章的中心思想、文章標題和作者的寫作目的進行提問。解決此類問題，最有效的辦法就是抓住文章的主題句、歸納出中心思想。
1.正確選型特徵：
(1) 選項應包括文章的核心詞彙，這類題經常在文中出現;
(2) 選項應準確，不能與原文資訊相悖。
2.錯誤選項特徵：
和細節題的判斷方法基本一致，就不重複了。
3.解題技巧：
(1) 首先考慮概括性較強的選項、忌選擇內容片面的選項;
(2) 干擾項也會出現概括範圍過大的情況，即概括內容超出文章闡述內容;
(3) 備選項中出現意義相近的選項時，應仔細比較詞義的細微差別，一般其中之一為正確選項。
英語四級考試的閱讀練習題It is easier to negotiate initial salary requirement because once you are inside, the organizational constraints (約束) influence wage increases. One thing, however, is certain: your chances of getting the raise you feel you deserve are less if you don’t at least ask for it. Men tend to ask for more, and they get more, and this holds true with other resources, not just pay increases. Consider Beth’s story:
I did not get what I wanted when I did not ask for it. We had cubicle (小隔間) offices and window offices.I sat in the cubicles with several male colleagues. One by one they were moved into window offices, while I remained in the cubicles, several males who were hired after me also went to offices. One in particular told me he was next in line for an office and that it had been part of his negotiations for the job. I guess they thought me content to stay in the cubicles since I did not voice my opinion either way.
It would be nice if we all received automatic pay increases equal to our merit, but “nice” isn’t a quality attributed to most organizations. If you feel you deserve a significant raise in pay, you’ll probablyhave to ask for it.
Performance is your best bargaining chip (籌碼) when you are seeking a raise. You must be able to demonstrate that you deserve a raise. Timing is also a good bargaining chip. If you can give your boss something he or she needs (a new client or a sizable contract, for example) just before merit pay decisions are beingmade, you are more likely to get the raise you want.
Use information as a bargaining chip too. Find out what you are worth on the open market. What will someone else pay for your services?
Go into the negotiations prepared to place your chips on the table at the appropriate time and prepared touse communication style to guide the direction of the interaction.
練習題：
Choose correct answers to the question:
1. According to the passage, before taking a job, a person should ________.
A. demonstrate his capability
B. give his boss a good impression
C. ask for as much money as he can
D. ask for the salary he hopes to get
2. What can be inferred from Beth’s story?
A. Prejudice against women still exists in some organizations.
B. If people want what they deserve, they have to ask for it.
C. People should not be content with what they have got.
D. People should be careful when negotiating for a job.
3. We can learn from the passage that ________.
A. unfairness exists in salary increases
B. most people are overworked and underpaid
C. one should avoid overstating one’s performance
D. most organizations give their staff automatic pay raises
4. To get a pay raise, a person should ________.
A. advertise himself on the job market
B. persuade his boss to sign a long-term contract
C) try to get inside information about the organization
D) do something to impress his boss just before merit pay decisions
5. To be successful in negotiations, one must ________.
A. meet his boss at the appropriate time
B. arrive at the negotiation table punctually
C. be good at influencing the outcome of the interaction
D. be familiar with what the boss likes and dislikes
1.[D] 推理判斷題。根據文章第1句。開頭立論：“It is easier to negotiate initial salary requirement在進入公司以前就談妥你的最初工資要求要更容易些”。因此，在接受一份工作前應該先提出期望薪金要求，即D。注意C中as much…as he can意思太絕對，不妥。
2.[B] 推理判斷題。Beth的故事是為了證明第1段提出的觀點，主要依據第2段第1句，第3段最後一句再次印證。核心詞為ask for。
3.[A] 推理判斷題。從Beth的故事中不難總結出：如果你要求加薪或提升，你可能就會得到滿足;你如果不要求，老闆就可能不予考慮。因此在salary increase中含有很大的主觀因素，故而unfair。直接依據為第3段第1句。
4.[D] 事實細節題。根據倒數第3段，performance“工作表現”，timing“抓住時機”和information“利用資訊”是加薪的三大籌碼。D與其中對timing的闡述一致。
5.[C] 事實細節題。最後一段指出，帶著準備好的籌碼去跟老闆商談加薪，並在合適的時候拿出來,而且要運用一定的交際手段引導談判的發展方向，即C。注意其中place your chips on the table at the appropriate time “在適當的時候拿出籌碼”不等於A中的meet his boss at the appropriate time。
