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「雅思閱讀」判斷題三個常用高分技巧

職稱考試 閱讀(2.27W)

雅思閱讀判斷題主要有兩大類題型:一種是TRUE / FALSE/ NOT GIVEN,另一種是YES/ NO/ NOT GIVEN。兩者的出題方法和指令有所不同。那麼,雅思閱讀判斷題高分技巧有哪些呢?

「雅思閱讀」判斷題三個常用高分技巧

  第一:同義轉換

和所有的雅思閱讀細節題一樣,判斷題的題目都是基於原文,與原文形成同義轉換(paraphrasing)的關係。同義轉換包括同義句型轉換和同義詞轉換兩種類別。

  第二:只考細節

判斷題屬於細節題,因此幾乎不需要考生對上下文的理解並進行推斷,同時必須提醒考生不能根據自己的背景知識直接判斷。簡單地說來,考生解題的關鍵不是對文章大意的把握,而是找到與題目相關的原文,根據原文的資訊進行解題。

  第三:順序原則

從劍橋真題以及考生的實際考試體驗,幾乎所有的判斷題都是嚴格遵守“順序原則”的,也就是說題目的順序與文章的順序是一致的。

  雅思閱讀是非無判斷題應試技巧:

1. 關於“False”和“Not Given”的解釋 (An Explanation of “False” and “Not Given”)

Students generally find this type of exercise rather difficult. One reason is that they are used to doing true and false exercises where the false covers false and not given. Then when they come to do true, false or not given, they cannot make the distinction between the three different types of contradiction and not given. It is therefore important that students are able to understand what false means in true, false and not given. There are three types of contradictions:

學生通常發現這種題型很難。其中的原因之一是這些學生習慣於做true和false題目,其中的`false涵蓋了false和not given兩種情況。所以當學生在做true, false和 not given的題目時他們無法區分三個不同種類的矛盾對立狀況和”not given”的區別。因此,學生要理解”false”的含義。總共有三種矛盾對立狀況:

statements which are the opposite of the original text.

命題與原文內容對立(相反)。

statements which are the opposite of the original text, because they are negative.

命題與原文對立(相反),因為命題否定原文內容。

statements where the information is not the opposite or negative, but the information in the statement contradicts that given in the text.

命題資訊既不對立(相反)也不否定,但是和原文內容矛盾。

Look at the examples below relating to the text and exercises:

Example 1

原文:Hurricanes have winds of at least 74 miles per hour.

題目:Hurricanes are winds with the speed of up to 74 miles per hour.

分析:由於原文中的核心內容是“at least 74 miles per hour”,而題目中是“up to 74 miles per hour”。因此,這就是False的第一種情況:命題與原文內容對立(相反)。

Example 2

原文:As forecasting improved communities were no longer surprised by hurricanes and could take measures to evacuate ahead of the storm. While destruction still continues, the number of deaths in hurricanes has dropped significantly.

題目:The destruction caused by hurricanes has ceased due to improvements in forecasting.

分析:原文的核心內容是“While destruction still continues”,而題目中的內容是“The destruction caused by hurricanes has ceased”。因此,這就是False的第二種情況:命題否定原文內容。

Example 3

原文:In 1609, a fleet of ships carrying settlers from England to Virginia USA was struck by a hurricane. Some of the ships were damaged and part of the fleet grounded on Bermuda, an isolated nation in the Atlantic. These passengers became the first people to live on Bermuda.

題目:The first people to live on Bermuda were settlers who chose to live there as alternative to England.

分析:通過原文和題目比較我們發現:沒有明顯的對立和否定的詞彙出現。而是通過句式結構的轉換產生了題目和文章資訊的矛盾。因此,這就是False的第三種情況。

那麼,not given是如何判斷呢?我們再來看一個例子:

Example 4

原文:The Mayans also showed their respect for hurricanes by building their major settlements away from the hurricane-prone coast-line.

題目:The Mayans lost many of their major settlements because of hurricanes.

分析:儘管題目和原文中有對應的詞出現:The Mayans和major settlements,但是題目中的因果關係在文章中並沒有體現。也沒於出現有關“lost”的相應表述。因此我們可以判斷此題為not given。

2. What is the keyword? 什麼是關鍵詞

Select ONE keyword from each of the following:

從以下的句子中劃出一個關鍵詞:

Networking is not a modern idea.

People fall into two basic categories.

All teachers are cynics.

The first piece of Hesse’s art has little effect on visitors to the gallery.

The New Forest has already been made into a National Park.

Suggested answers:

參考答案:

not

two