英語的學習並沒有多難，關鍵是你是否掌握了好的方法。好的方法會讓你事倍功半。下面是小編為大家搜尋整理的2017年職稱英語衛生A閱讀理解試題及答案解析，希望能給大家帶來幫助!更多精彩內容請及時關注我們應屆畢業生考試網!
第三篇
Living Standards
The differences in living standards around the world are vast. In 1993, the average American had an income of about $25,000. In the same year, the average Mexican earned $7,000, and the average Nigerian earned $1,500. Not surprisingly, this large variation in average income is reflected in various measures of the quality of life. Changes in living standards over time are also large. In the United States, incomes have historically grown about 2 percent per year (after adjusting for changes in the cost of living). At this rate, average income doubles every 35 years. In some countries, economic growth has been even more rapid. In Japan, for instance, average income has doubled in the past 20 years, and in South Korea it has doubled in the past 10 years.
What explains these large differences in living standards among countries and over time? The answer is surprisingly simple. Almost all variation in living standards is attributable to differences in countries' productivity-- that is, the amount of goods and services produced from each hour of a worker's time. In nations where workers can produce a large quantity of goods and services per unit of time, most people enjoy a high standard of living; in nations where workers are less productive, most people must endure a more meager existence. Similarly, the growth rate of a nation's productivity determines the growth rate of its average income.
The fundamental relationship between productivity and living standards is simple, but its implications are far-reaching. If productivity is the primary determinant of living standards, other explanations must be of secondary importance. For example, people might think that labor unions or minimum-wage laws contributed to the rise in living standards of American workers over the past century. Yet the real hero of American workers is their rising productivity.
The relationship between productivity and ng standards also has great implications for public policy. When thinking about how any policy will affect living standards, the key question is how it will affect our ability to produce goods and services. To improve living standards,policymakers need to raise productivity by ensuring that workers are well educated, have the tools needed to produce goods and services, and have access to the best available technology.
h of the following countries has enjoyed the fastest economic growth in history?
A. Mexico.
B. The United States.
C. Japan.
D. South Korea.
word "meager" in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to__________.
A. modest
B. poor
C. meaningless
D. plentiful
is the most important factor that leads to the rise in living standards of average people?
A. Labor unions.
B. Minimum-wage laws.
C. Rising productivity.
D. Favorable public policy.
study of the relationship between productivity and living standards is significant in that__________.
A. it calls policymakers' attention to a qualified work force
B. it encourages workers to get better education
C. it helps improve the workers' ability to produce goods and services
D. it enables policymakers to access the latest technology
passage mainly discusses__________.
A. the differences in average income among countries
B. the relationship between productivity and living standards
C. the causes of the rise in living standards
D. the importance of raising productivity
第三篇答案解析
1.D。細節題。題幹：下列哪個國家有最快的經濟發展速度?利用題幹關鍵詞可以定位到首段末尾：“At this rate，average income doubles every 35 some countries….”文章先提到在美國，人均收入每35年翻一番，接著指出在一些國家，經濟增長速度更快，可見經濟增長速度與人均收入增長是成正比的，即人均收入增長越快，就說明經濟增長速度越快。根據後面的例子，日本人均收入20年翻一番，而韓國則只需10年，由此可推知，韓國的經濟增長速度最快。
2.B。詞彙題。題幹：“meager”的意思是 __________ 。方法一：可以通過查詞典得知meager的意思是“貧乏的”。方法二：利用語境，該詞出現在第二段“In nations where workers can produce…;in nations where workers…”。這裡對兩類國家進行了對比，首先在那些單位時間內能生產出大量的產品和服務(即生產力水平較高)的國家，大多數人的生活水平都較高;接著與之相對應，在那些生產力水平較低的國家，人們的生活水平肯定較低，因此可推出meager一詞肯定跟“窮困”的'意思接近，故答案只能為poor。modest意為“謙虛的，適度的”;meaningless意為“毫無意義的”;plentiful意為“許多的，豐富的”。
3.C。細節題。題幹：普通人生活標準提高的最主要的因素是什麼?利用題幹關鍵詞可以定位到第三段：“If productivity is the primary determinant of living standards，other explanations must be of secondary importance…”由上面的論述可知，生產力對人們的生活水平起決定作用，其他因素都是次要的。
4.A。細節題。題幹：研究生產力和生活水平之間的關係很重要是因為__________。利用題幹關鍵詞可以定位到最後一段。本段主要論述研究生產力和生活水平之間的關係對公共政策的制定的重大意義。政策的制定者們必須考慮到生產力的提高也就意味著生活水平的提高。如何提高生產力從而提高人們的生活水平就是他們必須認真思考的。而提高生產力就必須依靠提高工人的受教育水平，擁有先進的生產和服務工具，以及能夠接觸到高科技。所以推斷出研究生產力和生活水平之間的關係的意義在於引起政策制定者關注勞動力素質的提高。因此A選項為正確答案。
5.B。主旨題。題幹：這篇文章主要論述了什麼?從每段的首尾句可以看出整篇文章主要論述了生產力和人們的生活水平之間的關係。A、C選項都很片面，只是文章某一段落的主題;而D選項只提到提高生產力的重要性，沒有提到人們的生活水平。
