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2017雅思小作文圖表寫作技巧大全

雅思 閱讀(2.5W)

導語:圖表寫作是雅思A類的小作文常考的題型之一,下面YJBYS小編分享雅思小作文圖表寫作的技巧,歡迎參考!

2017雅思小作文圖表寫作技巧大全

雅思A類的小作文主要包括六種主要題型:表格題、曲線圖、柱狀圖、餅圖、流程圖、地圖。這也正是雅思A類小作文的幾種主要構成元素。但是在實際考試中,出題人會根據考生的狀況伺機而動。但是無論如何,我們只要掌握了這幾種基本題型所有的小作文題目均可迎刃而解。想要突破雅思圖表寫作,首先我們需要了解小作文的出題本質及具體的題目要求。

  一、出題本質

雅思的A類小作文Task One主要包括與“數字”有關的圖形題 就像Microsoft的Office中有一款Excel電子表格。利用填入數字產生不同型別的表格,方便人們找到主要的資訊。換句話講,表格就能夠演變成“柱狀圖、曲線圖、餅圖”。只要我們知道如何寫表格題,其他的圖也是一樣的寫法,而且更為直觀。所以必須先學會分析和描述表格題。

  二、題目的要求

題目要求:Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

題目中的動詞就是指令。我們只要照著做,分數就可以得全。

“Summarize” 意味著:你需要有“概括”性的句子,概括的是“main features” 通常來講,與數字有關的特性就有兩項。第一項:隨時間變化的數字就是趨勢;第二項:有不同物件的數字就是比較。換句話講,只要把題目中的這些特性概括出來,文章的最主要內容就完成了。接下來,就是用具體的數字作為例子來強調這種特性是存在的。

“Make comparisons”意味著具體寫作的時候,應該有一個基準物件即切入點,其他的物件都要和它進行比較(或者相同,或者不同)。

在明確這些任務後,關於這種文章的語言問題應該注意的是“寫簡單而正確的句子,此外注意時態”;“用簡單而詞性正確的單詞,此外注意避免重複”。

  三、圖表寫作常用語言

  1、描述數字比較的常用句型及詞彙

談論數字比較的技巧:

a、兩者的比較

尋求一個切入點(比較大的值),隨後與另一個值進行比較。通過數值強調比較的差值。比較有三種表示方法:

第一種:直接展示法

e.g. 王浩 6:7馬琳 (The score of Mr. Wang is 6, compared with 7, that of Mr. Ma. )

第二種:減法subtraction

The score of Mr. Ma is 7, 1 more than that of Mr. Wang. 7 = 1+

第三種:尋找倍數 times

e.g. Mr. Chow’s IQ 80: 160 Mr. foot‘s IQ

Mr. Foot’s IQ reaches 160, 2 times Mr. Chow’s IQ.

Mr. Wang Yi’s popularity 20%: 10% Mr. Tao’s popularity

Water consumption in Brazil and Congo in 2000

Country

Population

Irrigated land

Water consumption per person

Brazil

176 million

26,500 km2

359 m3

Democratic Republic of Congo

5.2 million

100 km2

8 m3

In 2000, the water consumption per person of Brazil with 176 million people reached 359 m3, compared with 8 m3, that of Democratic Republic of Congo at the population of 5.2 million. The area of irrigated land in the former was found 26,500 km2, 265 times that of the latter.

NB:在描述的過程中,始終要記得名詞需要配合量詞使用(因為服務物件是數字)。此外,因為比較同樣的物件,因此比較的前後在詞性必須保持一致。如:The percentage of Brazil is more than Congo.這樣的句子就是一種錯誤。

b、三者或三者以上的比較

You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.

The table below shows the proportion of different categories of families living in poverty in Australia in 1999.

Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

Write at least 150 words.

Family type

Proportion of people from each

household type living in poverty

single aged person

aged couple

single, no children

couple, no children

sole parent

couple with children

all households

6%(54,000)

4%(48,000)

19%(359,000)

7%(211,000)

21%(232,000)

12%(933,000)

11 %( 1 , 837 , 000 )

題目特點:比較數值眾多(3者以上,應用最高階),基線明顯(黑體字,起作用是其他的數值的比較物件,並幫助我們進行數字分類)。

所有的數值代表的是在某一種特定的家庭中貧困人數的比例

來自所有家庭中貧困的比例達到11%,其對應equivalent to 大概1.8 million。在單身和單親家庭中貧困人數的比例,最高的兩個,相當於上面平均值the above average的2倍,但是在兩者中有孩子的家庭貧困比率達到21%,比沒有孩子的家庭高了2%。相似的,那些有孩子的雙親家庭的比例是12%,略高於平均值,要比沒有孩子的雙親家庭的比例高出了5%,明顯低於平均值。在所有的家庭種類中,那些有老年人的家庭貧困的比例最低分別是6%和4%,並且有兩個老年人的貧困家庭比例更低些。 The percentage of people from all household in poverty reaches 11%, equivalent to nearly 1.8 million. That of poor single family without children and sole-parent family, the top two, is about double 11%, but that of the latter, 21%, higher 2% than that of the former. Similarly, the percentage of people from couple-with-children family in poverty is 12%, slightly higher than the average, more 5% than that of couple-without-children family, lower than the average. Of all family types, those with aged people have the lowest percentage in poverty, 4% and 6%, and the proportion with aged couple is lower.

  2、描述數字變化的常用句型及詞彙

趨勢寫作 identify trend

12個單詞 + 3個句式 + 4個連線詞

a、12個單詞

趨勢

描述單詞

注意事項

上升

grow, climb, soar

1.其中“soar”和“sink”為極限詞彙,不能新增任何修飾;

2.在句子和文章中,事實上很少用到上述動詞的原型,相反使用最多的是它們的“過去式”,以及對應的名詞;

3.上升和下降需要和數字建立連線,可供選擇的介詞to, by, of

To 配合動詞和名詞,表示“達到”

By/of 表示“變化了”;by跟在動詞後面,而of跟在名詞後面

下降

drop, fall, sink

平穩

stay unchanged at+不變的值

波動

varybetween…and…(兩個極值;名詞fluctuation between…and…

程度

dramatically 劇烈的;progressively 逐漸的;slightly 緩慢的

表中所提供的.單詞均為“副詞”,需搭配動詞使用;如果需要搭配、修飾“名詞”,則上述的詞彙應變為“形容詞”,即:dramatic, progressive, slight

b、3個重要的句式:

例句:在2005年到2006年間,當澳洲當地的水費usage charge增加了每千升per kiloliter 0.25元。(看看下面的三種不同表達形式)

(1)主謂句(強調量詞的變化)

The usage charge in Australia grew by $0.25 per kiloliter during 2005-2006.

(2) 主謂賓句(強調量詞的變化,詞性變化)

The usage charge in Australia had a growth of $0.25 per kiloliter between 2005 and 2006.

(3) 被動句(強調變化本身)

A growth of $0.25 per kiloliter was found in the usage charge in Australia over 1 year to Year 2006.

NB: 表示時間的變化,常用的手法

From…to…; between…and…; during…-…; for/over時間差to終止時間

c、4個連線詞

第一種:一個物件在不同時期的變化(時間變化),before /, after which

第二種:不同物件的比較 similarly / however

例題:在過去的2年中,中國的GDP(Gross Domestic Production)增長了10%,預計在明年GDP仍可能增長8%左右。但是,日本的GDP在過去的2年中,基本呈現下降趨勢,而且預計明年下降得更猛烈。 In the recent 2 years, GDP of China has grown by 10%, after which it is estimated to climb by 8% next year. In contrast, a dropping trend, in the last 2 years, has been found in that of Japan, before it is predicted to be more dramatic.

當不是特別能夠確定圖表的具體數值時,我們可以在數字前加上about, around, nearly, approximately, or so等一些比較模糊的副詞修飾。

看一道例題:

During 1979- 1999, visits overseas by UK residents, about 12 million in 1979, had a growth to nearly 52 million. The similar pattern was found in visits to the UK by international residents from around 10 million to 30 million. 6.5分

UK residents, about 12 million in 1979, had a growth to nearly 52 million. The similar pattern was found in visits to the UK by international residents from around 10 million to 30 million, but climbing slower than the former. 7分

In 1979, visits abroad by UK residents, 2 million more than those to the UK by overseas residents, was 12 million, after which a dramatic rise to nearly 52 million was found in 1999, when the similar pattern was seen in the visits to the UK by international residents to nearly 30 million. 8分

NB:高分的內容應該是資訊量較大的,而且處處充斥著比較和對比的感覺。在一個句子中,充分利用“插入語-解釋和補充”,以及非限制性定語從句來補充其他的內容,最後利用similarly或however進行比較。