新版的“百句譯”的課堂包括兩個部分：
(1)託福難句翻譯;
(2)對應真題解答;
大家一定要把兩個部分都完成：
因為(1)難句翻譯是最紮實的句子理解訓練，最好能夠抄寫在額外的小本子上;(翻譯時越糾結，印象就越深刻);
(2)真題解答將能夠矯正我們對於難句的理解
(3)我們的微信課堂 “百段寫”第一課活動將是基於今天翻譯的句子擴充開來的;
課堂內容1：難句翻譯
If the pores are large, the water in them will exist as drops too heavy for surface tension to hold, and it will drain away; but if the pores are small enough, the water in them will exist as thin films, too light to overcome the force of surface tension holding them in place; then the water will be firmly held.
參考翻譯：
如果空隙很大,其中的水會以水滴形式存在,(水滴)太重超過吸引它的表面張力, 就會流走;但如果空隙足夠小,水會以薄膜形式存在,(薄膜)太輕無法克服使它保持原 位的表面張力,從而使水被牢牢地留住(在空隙表面上)。
英文原文:
If the pores are large, the water in them will exist as drops too heavy for surface tension to hold, and it will drain away; but if the pores are small enough, the water in them will exist as thin films, too light to overcome the force of surface tension holding them in place; then the water will be firmly held.
TPO-1 (2005.11.8): Groundwater
課堂內容2：與本次句子翻譯相關的閱讀題目
Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage? Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.
If the pores are large, the water in them will exist as drops too heavy for surface tension to hold, and it will drain away; but if the pores are small enough, the water in them will exist as thin films, too light to overcome the force of surface tension holding them in place; then the water will be firmly held.
ace tension is not strong enough to retain drops of water in rocks with large pores but it is strong enough to hold on to thin films of water in rocks with small pores.
B. Water in rocks is held in place by large pores and drains away from small pores through surface tension.
C. Small pores and large pores both interact with surface tension to determine whether a rock will hold water as heavy drops or as a thin film.
the force of surface tension is too weak to hold water in place as heavy drops, the water will continue to be held firmly in place as a thin film when large pores exist.
答案為：A
知識點小結:
1. 片語“exist as”意思是“作為......而存在,以......的形態存在”,比如:
a. Matter can exist as a solid, liquid, or gas.
(以......的`形態存在)
物質以固體、液體或氣體的形態存在。
b. Though scattered and persecuted, the Jews still exist as a nation
(作為......而存在)
雖然被離散並受迫害,今天猶太人依然作為一個民族生存了下來。
2.“too... to”是個很常見的句型,意思是“太......以至於不能......”,簡單的用法大家肯定 都瞭解,比如: This question is too difficult for me to answer.(這個問題太難了,我回答 不出來。)但是如果此句型經過一番改造,變得略微複雜時,比如本句中“too... to”之 間的內容就比較長,有些同學就容易犯暈了。
看句子時要看到以下骨架“sth. +is + too + adj./n. + for sb./sth. + to do sth.”。“for”後面 的“sb./sth.”是“to do”部分動作的執行者,該部分可有可無。重要的是大家看到長句子 前面的“too”時,就應該有意識地去找後面的“to”,只要找到這個結構,再長、再複雜 的句子也就都容易攻下了。
3. 要弄清楚“holding them in place”是分詞短語作修飾語,修飾前面的名詞“the force of surface tension”。長難句中經常會出現分詞短語作修飾語的情況,分詞短語包括現在分 詞 v-ing 和過去分詞 v-ed 兩種形式。其實分詞短語作修飾語就相當於一個定語從句,大 家不妨看看以下這幾個例子:
a. Most of the people invited to the party were famous scientists. 相當於:Most of the people who were invited to the party were famous scientists.
b. Thin films are too light to overcome the force of surface tension holding them in place. 相當於:Thin films are too light to overcome the force of surface tension which holds them in place.
至於什麼時候用現在分詞,什麼時候用過去分詞,這要看句子的先行詞和動作之間的 關係。如果是主動關係,我們則用現在分詞,比如“the force of surface tension”(表面張力) 和“hold”之間是主動關係,所以原句中為“ing them...”;如果是被動關係,則用 過去分詞,比如“people”和“invite”之間是“被邀請”的關係,這也是剛剛我們在表達 的時候使用“Most of the people invited...”的緣由。
