2017年上半年公共英語考試已開始複習,為了幫助廣大考生更好備考2017年PETS-4考試,下面是yjbys網小編提供給大家關於公共英語四級考試語法解析,希望對大家的備考有所幫助。
複合句
複合句考查的主要內容是賓語從句、狀語從句和定語從句。
①賓語從句
賓語從句的考查要點是:時態的呼應、人稱的一致、詞序等。
A.賓語從句的連線詞:賓語從句本身是敘述句是,用that 引導。He said (that) he would leave on March 12 next weeek.賓語從句本身是特殊疑問句時,用疑問詞引導。 Do you know where we can find our teacher?賓語從句本身是一般疑問句時,用if 或whether引導。I don’t know if / whether he has done that.
B. 賓語從句與主句時態的呼應。主句謂語是現在時和將來時的時候,賓語從句的動詞時態不受影響。如,It is said that the panda was sent to America last month.主句是過去時態,從句謂語要做適當調整:
a)由現在時調整為過去時。I didn’t know you were also here.
b)由將來時調整為過去將來時He said that he would go to Beijing the next week.
c)過去時態多數不受影響,但“一般過去時”常調整為“過去完成時”,尤其是從句中有before, since 一類的時間狀語時,多調整為“過去完成時”如:She said she had worked at this school before her father came to this city.
②狀語從句
狀語從句有時間狀語從句(常由when, while, before, after, until, as soon as等詞引導)、地點狀語從句(常有where 引導)、原因狀語從句(常有because, since, as 引導,這三詞所表達的語氣由because到as逐漸減弱,由why提出的問題必須用because 來回答), 條件狀語從句(常由if引導)、結果狀語從句(常由such … that…, so…that…, so that等引導 )、讓步狀語從句(常由though, although引導)。
③定語從句
其考查內容主要是正確使用關係代詞{who(指人)、that(指人或物)、which(指物)} , etc. 定語從句一般緊跟在修飾詞的後面,如:She is the person who I want to see. 她就是我想見到的人。有時,為了使句子平衡,也可把定語從句與所修飾詞分開。
同學們還記得這樣一句話嗎?Then a screen came up that read,“Congratulations!” 這是第三冊第54課中的一個句子。
並列句
並列句的考查重點是並列連詞。並列連詞有and, or, but, both… and, neither… nor, either… or, not only… but also…等。
簡單句
應特別注意掌握的簡單句
有介詞的`特殊疑問句
在特殊問句中,作為介詞賓語的疑問代詞可以與介詞分離,放在句首,而把介詞放在句尾。
如,Whom do you travel with?當然,也可以把介詞放在句首。
總之,不要把介詞丟掉。
有插入語的特殊疑問句
在特殊問句中,經常可以看到這樣的句子:Where do you think they may go?其中,do you think 是疑問式插入語,其餘部分是think的賓語從句。注意,疑問式插入語同句子的其餘部分不用逗號分開。
疑問式插入語還有do you hope, do you guess 等。在肯定句中也有插入語。如:That man, I guess, is neither a policeman nor a soldier. 在肯定句的插入語要用逗號與句子的其他部分分開。去掉插入語,該句子仍然是個完整的句子。
You’d better (not)… (do sth.) 這個說法常用於提出“勸告,建議,告戒”。 比較委婉的有禮貌的說法是 Would you like …? 或 What about (doing)…?如,It’s too dark. You’d better leave at once. I’m afraid (that) … I’m afraid (that) I can’t go with you today. 常用來委婉地表示自己的看法或預料一件令人不悅的事情。
其他句式
不可數名詞(單複數形式不變)
bread, rice, water ,juice etc.
縮略形式
I’m = I am you’re = you are she’s = she is he’s = he is
it’s = it is who’s =who is can’t =can not isn’t=is not etc
a/an
a book, a peach
an egg an hour
Preposition:
on, in ,in front of, between, next to, near, beside, at, behind.
表示時間: at six o’clock, at Christmas, at breakfast
on Monday on 15th July On National Day
in the evening in December in winter
基數詞和序數詞
one – first two-second twenty-twentieth
Some /any
I have some toys in my bedroom.
Do you have any brothers or sisters?
be 動詞
(1) Basic form: am/are/is
(2) 肯定和否定句 I am(not) from London.
My eyes are(not) small.
My hair is(not) long.
(3)一般疑問句: Am I a Chniese? Yes, you are. No, you aren’t.
Are they American? Yes, they are. No, they aren’t.
Is the cat fat? Yes, it is. No, it isn’t.