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Prices determine how resources are to be used. They are also the means by which products and services that are in limited supply are rationed among buyers. The price system of the United States is a very complex network composed of the prices of all the products bought and sold in the economy as well as those of a myriad of services, including labor, professional transportation, and public-utility services. The interrelationships of all these prices make up the "system" of prices. The price of any particular product of service is linked to a broad, complicated system of prices in which everything seems to depend more or less upon everything else.
If one were to ask a group of randomly selected individuals to define "price", many would reply that price is an amount of money paid by the buyer to the seller of a product or service or, in other words, that price is the money value of a product or service as agreed upon in a market transaction. This definition is, of course, valid as far as it goes. For a complete understanding of a price in any particular transaction, much more than the amount of money involved must be known. Both the buyer and the seller should be familiar with not only the money amount, but with the amount and quality of the product or service to be exchanged, the time and place at which the exchange will take place and payment will be made, the form of money to be used, the credit terms and discounts that supply to the transaction, guarantees on the product or service, delivery terms return privileges, and other factors. In other words, both buyer and seller should be fully aware of all the factors that comprise the total "package" being exchanged for the asked-- for amount of money in order that they may evaluate a given price.
71. According to the passage, the price system is related primarily to _______.
A. labor and education
B. transportation and insurance
C. utilities and repairs
D. products and services
正確答案是
72. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT a factor in complete understanding of price?
A. Instructions that come with a product.
B. The quantity of a product.
C. The quality of a product.
D. Warranties that cover a product.
正確答案是
73. In the last sentence of the passage, the "they" refers to ________.
A. return privileges
B. all the factors
C. buyer and seller
D. money
正確答案是
74. The paragraph following the passage most likely discusses _______.
A. unusual ways to advertise products
B. types of payment plans for service
C. theories about how products affect different levels of society
D. how certain elements of price "package" influence its market value
正確答案是
