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幼兒賓語從句英語語法

幼兒 閱讀(2.31W)

學習英語基礎口語,迅速提高英語口語水平對當代中國人,尤其是年輕一代顯的尤為重要。以下是小編整理關於幼兒賓語從句英語語法,希望大家認真閱讀!

幼兒賓語從句英語語法

  省to不定式作賓補順口溜

賓語從句三姊妹,that,if/whether,wh-/how展風采。

展風采有三關,引導詞、語序、時態在把關。

主從時態要一致,陳述語序永不變。

陳述請你選that,疑問需用if/whether連。

特殊問句作賓從,原來問詞不用換。

三關過後莫得意,人稱、標點需注意

留意變臉的if/when,從句的簡化記心間。

  一、三姊妹

賓語從句根據引導詞的不同可分為三種類型:

1. 由that引導的賓語從句。如:

We knew (that)we should learn from each other.

2. 由if/whether引導的賓語從句。如:

Please tell me if/whether you have been to America.

3. 由who,where,how等連線代詞或連線副詞引導的賓語從句。如:

Can you tell me how I can get to the nearest post office?

  二、三關

1. 引導詞關

如果從句是陳述句,引導詞用that(that在口語或非正式文體中常省略);如果從句是一般疑問句,引導詞用if/whether;如果從句是特殊疑問句,引導詞用由疑問詞轉換而來的疑問代詞/副詞。

2. 語序關

①陳述句變為賓語從句,語序不變,即仍用陳述語序。如:

He is an honest boy. The teacher said. →The teacher said(that)he was an honest boy.

②一般疑問句和特殊疑問句變為賓語從句,語序變為陳述語序。如:

Does he work hard?I wonder.→I wonder if/whether he works hard.

When did he leave?I don’t know. →I don’t know when he left.

3. 時態關

①如果主句是現在的.時態,從句的時態可根據實際情況而定。如:

I have heard(that)he will come back next week.

②如果主句是過去的某種時態,那麼從句的時態一定要用過去的某種時態。如:

He said(that)there were no classes yesterday.

注意:如果賓語從句表述的是客觀真理、自然現象等時,不管主句是什麼時態,從句都要用一般現在時。如:

He said that light travels much faster than sound.

  三、人稱的變化和標點的使用

  1. 從句的主語如果是第一人稱,變為賓語從句則與主句的主語一致;如果是第二人稱,則與主句的賓語一致;如果是第三人稱,不用變化。如:

“May I use your knife?”He asked me. →He asked me if he might use my knife.

“Do you know her telephone number?”He asked me. →He asked me if I know her telephone number.

2. 賓語從句的標點均由主句決定。主句是陳述句,用句號;主句是疑問句,用問號。如:

Who will give us a talk?I don’t know. →I don’t know who will give us a talk.

Do you know?Where does he live?→Do you know where he lives?

  四、兩副面孔

if和when既能引導時間狀語從句,又能引導賓語從句。因此,遇到它們就要認真分析一下,它們究竟屬於“兩副面孔”的哪一副。如:

If it rains tomorrow,I won’t come.(時間狀語從句)

I don’t know if it will rain tomorrow. (賓語從句)

  五、從句的簡化

1. 當主句謂語動詞是find,see,watch,hear等感官動詞時,從句常簡化為“賓語+賓補”結構,賓補為不帶to的不定式或V-ing形式。如:

She found that the wallet lay/was lying on the ground. →She found the wallet lie/lying on the ground.

2. 當主句謂語動詞是hope,wish,decide,forget,plan,agree等,且主句主語與從句主語相同時,從句可簡化為不定式結構。如:

She agreed that she could help me with my maths. →She agreed to help me with my maths.

3. 在連線代詞/副詞引導的賓語從句中,當從句主語與主句主語或間接賓語一致時,賓語從句可簡化為“連線代詞/副詞+不定式”結構。如:

Can you tell me how I can get to the station?→Can you tell me how to get to the station?