段落匹配題在英語四級閱讀理解部分是一個難點，為此本站小編為大家分析一下大學英語四級考試閱讀理解的段落匹配題。
1、順序原則被打破
段落細節資訊配對題之所以讓無數考生聞之色變，主要在於這種題目打破瞭解答雅思閱讀題目傳統的閱讀技巧和解題思路。首先，作為匹配題代表，這種題型明顯不會遵守其他主流題型的“順序原則”，考生從文章開頭到結尾定位的方法顯然行不通;
2、題目均為長句形式
其次，題目當中的表述通常是極其複雜和繁瑣的名詞短語或者長難句型，在試圖尋找合適的定位詞之前，考生往往就業已被題幹錯中複雜的表述搞得雲裡霧裡了;
例如四級樣卷第51題：
The number of foreign students applying to U.S. universities decreased sharply after September 11 due to changes in the visa process。
3、定位詞模糊
即使考生能夠排除萬難，讀懂題目陳述中晦澀難懂的意思，尋找定位詞仍然存在很大的障礙，因為這類題目往往不會出現非常明顯的可以實踐拿來主義的明顯定位詞(數字、時間、地點、人物、特殊字型和特殊符號等等)，即使僥倖被我們碰到一個，這個定位詞也通常和文章主題聯絡密切，且出現多次，所以並沒有太大實用意義，例如上題中的U.S。
4、兩題對一段的可能性增加干擾性
最後，一般選擇題至少是一對一進行對應的，如果能夠成功選出一對，那麼就至少可以排除一個選項。但是在段落細節資訊對應題當中，四六級樣卷明確提醒：
You may choose a paragraph more than once。
一段可能被用兩次。這樣最有效的排除法在這裡也就再無用武之地了。
英語四級閱讀段落匹配題的答題技巧1.整體把握文章的脈絡至關重要。
段落資訊匹配題的題目的順序與文章的行文順序完全不符，這就要求考生在閱讀文章時整體把握文章的結構和脈絡，熟悉文章的寫作思路，基本能做到理解每題的中心思想後，能大體定位到文章的.相應部分，而不是漫無目的地在全文的每個段落裡搜尋。如樣題中的文章：首先引出話題;中間部分主要談論兩方面的內容—大學在全球網羅人才和開展工作，同時大學也在重塑研究方法;最後是大學全球化的影響和作用。把文章這樣分成四個部分以後，根據每個題目的內容，就可以找到大體的位置。
2.準確理解題目的內容是前提。
每一道題都是原文資訊的再現或轉述，只有理解了題目所述內容，才能做好後面的段落資訊定位。理解題目內容的關鍵是：抓句子的主幹。冗長的句子，只要抓住了其主幹，就不難理解句子的主要含義了。
3.找準題目中的定位關鍵詞是關鍵。
每一道題都是原文資訊的再現或轉述，只要找準關鍵詞才能準確定位到原文的段落中。關鍵詞多為：a. 名詞或名詞短語，這類詞是題目和文章談論的物件，同義替換的可能性較小，是比較可靠的定位關鍵詞，b.數字，如數量、年份等，這類詞同義替換的可能性非常小，是較理想的定位關鍵詞;c. 專有名詞，如人名、地名、機構名、特殊物質等，這類詞幾乎沒有同義替換或轉述的可能性，是非常理想的定位關鍵詞。
英語四級閱讀的練習題Merchant and passenger ships are generally required to have a life preserver for every person aboard and in many cases, a certain percentage of smaller sizes for children. According to United States requirements, life preservers must design, reversible capable of being quickly adjusted to fit the uninitiated individual, and must be so designed as to support the wearer in the water in an upright or slightly backward position.
Sufficient buoyancy(浮力) to support the wearer should be retained by the life preserver after 48 hours in the water, and it should be reliable even after long period of storage. Thus it should be made of materials resistant to sunlight, gasoline, and oils, and it should be not easily set on fire.?The position in which the life preserver will support a person who jumps or falls into the water is most important, as is its tendency to turn the wearer in the water from a face-down position to an upright or slightly backward position, with his face clear of the water, even when the wearer is exhausted or unconscious.
The method of adjustment to the body should be simple, and self-evident to uninitiated persons even in the dark under the confused conditions, which follow a disaster. Thus, the life be reversible that it is nearly impossible to get it on wrong. Catches, straps, and ties should be kept to a minimum. In addition, the life preserver must be adjustable to the wide variety of shapes and sizes of wearers, since thisgreatly affects the position of floating and the self-righting qualities. A suitable life also be comfortable to wear at all times, in and out of the water, not so heavy as to encourage to take it off on shipboard while the ship is in danger, nor so burdensome that it hinders a person in the water while trying to swim.
1. The passage is mainly about____.
A) the uses of life preservers
B) the design of life preservers
C) the materials for life preservers
D) the buoyancy of life preservers
2. According to the passage, a life be first of all ____.
A) adjustable B) comfortable C) self-evident D) self-righting
3. United States Coast Guard does NOT require the life preserver to be made ____.
A) with as few strings as possible
B) capable of being worn on both sides
C) according to each wearer's size
D) comfortable and light to wear
4. By “the uninitiated individual” (Para. 1, Line. 4) the author refers to the person ____.
A) who has not been instructed how to use a life preserver
B) who has a little experience in using a life preserver
C) who uses a life preserver without permission
D) who becomes nervous before a disaster
5. What would happen if a person were supported by the life preserver in a wrong position?
A) The waves would move him backwards.
B) The water would choke him.
C) He would immediately sink to the bottom.
D) He would be exhausted or unconscious.
答案解析:
1. B。文章主要講述了救生衣的設計。間接題型段首主旨題。C項和D項都是對救生衣設計中設計材料的說明。A項為陷阱，指救生衣的用途，儘管開頭提到，但範圍不著邊際。故只有B是正確選項。
2. D。根據文章，救生衣首先會自動扶正。事實細節題。本文第三段主要討論救生衣落水位置，應設計的能“自動扶正”,或稍向後仰。B項是對材料的描述，範圍太窄，而A和C不合題意，因此D是正確答案。
3. C。美國海岸巡邏隊不需要救生衣根據穿戴者的尺寸生產。事實細節題。A項和B項都涉及method，其相關部分見最後一段第三句，A，B，D三項都是文章中提及的，C項與本題無關的內容，因此應該選C。
4. A。“the uninitiated individual”作者指的是不知道怎麼使用救生衣的人。語義指代題。根據文章最後一段第一句，我們可推出“the uninitiated individual”就是指的那些不知道怎麼使用救生衣的人。故A是正確選項。
5. D。如果一個人沒有正確使用救生衣，就會發生什麼?細節辨別題。第三段第一句後半句中a face-down position和本題中的 in a wrong position相對應。因此選項D“他可能太累了或者是已經失去知覺”是正確答案。
