表示某一事物,有具體的和抽象的之分。分為可數名詞和不可數名詞。
強調:不可數名詞都預設為單數,所以總是用is或者was;最好不要根據some、any、a lot of等詞去作判斷,以免受誤導。
1、可數名詞如何變複數形式:
a.一般情況下,直接加-s,如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds ;讀音:清子音後讀[s],濁子音和母音後讀[z]。
b.以s. x. sh. ch結尾,加-es,如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches ;讀音:[iz]。
c.以子音字母+y結尾,變y為i, 再加-es,如:family-families, strawberry-strawberries ;讀音:[z]。
d.以f或fe結尾,變f或fe為v, 再加-es,如:knife-knives ,thief-thieves;讀音:[z]。
e.以o結尾的詞,分兩種情況
(1)有生命的`+es 讀音:[z] 如:mango-mangoes tomato-tomatoes hero-heroes
(2) 無生命的+s 讀音:[z] 如:photo-photos radio-radios
f. 不規則名詞複數: man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen,snowman-snowmen, mouse-mice, child-children, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, fish-fish,people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese
2、不可數名詞沒有複數。如果要計算不可數名詞所表達的數量,就得在數詞和不可數名詞之間加上量詞+of。例如:a glass of water, a piece of paper, a bottle of juice
判斷步驟:
↗如是am、is或was→原形讀句子→讀該單詞→認識該單詞→理解意思→看be動詞
↘如是are或were→加s或es
練一練:
1、寫出下列各詞的複數。
I _________ him _________ this _______ her ______ watch _______ mango_______child _______ photo ________ diary ______ day________ foot________ dress ________ tooth_______
sheep ______ box_______ strawberry _____ thief _______ engineer______ peach______
sandwich ______ man______ woman_______ leaf_______ people________
2、用所給名詞的正確形式填空。
(1)Are there two ( box ) on the table?
(2)I can see some ( people ) in the cinema.
(3)How many ( day ) are there in a week?
(4)Here’re five ( bottle ) of ( juice ) for you.
(5)This ( violin ) is hers. Those ( grape ) are over there.