(一)一般現在時
1、 概念：表示經常性或習慣性發生的動作。
2、 標誌詞：often,usually,sometimes, alaways, every day等
3、 主語是第三人稱單數he, she, it 時，謂語動詞要加s或es，其他人稱動詞要用原形。
4、 主語是第三人稱單數時，動詞變化規則：
A、一般情況，在動詞後面直接加s，如：walk-walks.
B、 以sh, ch, o結尾的，在動詞後面加es，如：wash-washes,watch-watches, go--goes
C、 以子音加y結尾，將y改為i，再加es，如：study-studies.
(二)現在進行時：
1、 概念：表示正在發生的事情或動作。
2、 標誌詞：now, look, listen , it’s……
3、 結構：b e(am, is , are)+動詞ing
4、 動詞加的規則如下：
A、 一般情況下，在動詞後面直接加ing，如：listen-listening
B、 以不發音的e結尾，去e加ing，如：take-taking (make, like, write , come)
C、 以重讀閉音節(子音+母音+子音)結尾的，要雙寫最後一個字母再加ing，如put-putting, (get, sit, stop , run, swim, set)
但：see-seeing, eat –eating.
(三)一般將來時：
1、 概念：表示將要發生的事或打算，計劃要做的事。
2、 標誌詞：this weekend, next Monday, tomorrow, in seven years’ time
3、 結構：be(am, is , are) going to +動詞原形 或者 Will+動詞原形
如：I am going to take a trip next week.
4、 否定句：be+not going to +動詞原形 或者 Will+not(等於won’t)+動詞原形
(四)一般過去時：
1、概念：表示在過去的時間裡所發生的事或動作。
2、標誌詞：last weekend……yesterday, just now, ago.
3、動詞變過時的方法：
(1)直接在動詞後面加ed, 如：wash-washed.
(2)以e結尾的加d.
(3)以重讀閉音節結尾的，要雙寫最後一個字母，再加ed，如：stop-stopped.
(4)不規則的：
get-got, write-wrote, run-ran, go-went, buy-bought, find-found,
do/does—did come—came have—had swim—swam am/is—was are—were fly---flew make---made sing—sang eat---ate teach—taught read—read see-saw take—took tell—told feel—felt meet—met
五、be動詞(包括am, is , are)的用法，I用am，you用are，is 用於她，他，它(she, he, it), 單數用is，複數用are。
六、把陳述句改為一般疑問句的方法：
1、找be動詞，把be提到句首，要大寫，句末用問號。
2、沒be，就找can (will, shall, could, would ,must)，把can提到句首，要大寫，句末用問號。
3、沒be，也沒can，在句子前面加do或does，動詞要還原。
七、把陳述句改為否定句的.方法：
1、找be動詞，在動詞後面加not
2、沒be，找can(will, shall, should, could,must)，在後面加not
3、沒be也沒can，在動詞前加does或doesn’t， 動詞要還原
注：有often, usually, sometimes等詞，就在often, ususlly, sometimes前面加。
八、在do, does,did, can, let , can’, don’t , doesn’t, to ,must 後面加動詞原形。
九、在tell, help, let, teach等動詞後面加人稱賓格，人稱賓格有(me, us, you , him, her, them)
十、在行為動詞，be動詞，介詞後加動詞ing，如like, enjoy, go後面都是加動詞的ing.
十一、help ①後面加人稱賓格 句型：幫助某人做某事 ①help sb (to) do sth
②後面加動詞原形 ②help sb with sth
③後面加人再加with sth.
如：我幫助媽媽做家務。I help her do housework.
= I help her with housework.
如：be (busy, excited, angry, happy, bored, tired,sunny, cloudy, windy, snowy, rainy)
如：1. Is your father an accountant? 2. She isn’t a singer.
aren’t busy . 4. Is it rainy today?
near=next to=not far from 離……近 be far from 離……遠
come from=be from來自
如：She comes from China.=She is from China.
The cloud comes from the vapour.=The cloud is from the vapour.
上車get on write……to (給……而寫)
下車get off at(在哪裡上車，下車用at) write……for(為……而寫)
some (肯定句) 特殊： would you like some……? too (肯定句句末)
any (否定句) Can I have some ……? either(否定句句末)
also (句中)
walk straight 在第幾層樓①用介詞 on ②用序數詞
=go straight +for +時間 ③序數詞前要加the
如：on the first floor (second,third, fourth……)
在……東南西北用of (east of / west of / north of / south of )
問路方法：
1. Excuse me , is there a ……near here?
2. Excuse me , where is the ……?
3. Excuse me , how can I get to the ……?
4. Excuse me , can you tell me the way to the ……?
問愛好：What is ……’s hobby? (hobby的前面要用物主代詞 )
What do / does ……like?
I like…… + 動詞ing
My hobby is ……
W hat be (am, is, are ) ……?(樣子)
What do / does ……like?(喜歡)
What is the elephant like ? What does she like ?
It is strong. She likes diving?
go……on foot go ……by bike
=walk to =ride a bike=on one’s(my , his , her ,their) bike
go ……by bus/train/ship/subway go by plane
=take a bus/ train/ ship / subway =go……by air = fly to
There be is +(單數)
are+(複數)
就近原則 There is a book and two pens on the desk.
There are two pens and a book on the desk.
in 在。。。。。。裡面 in th pencil-case on 星期/日期用on
穿in blue 節日前用on
用in English
泛指某一天的早/中下午in the afternoon/ in the evening/ in the morning
具體某一天的早/中/下午on Sunday morning
名詞由單數變成複數的方法
1.一般情況下直接在名詞後面加s.
2.以s,x, sh, ch ,結尾的,加es,有的以o結尾加es. (tomato---tomatoes,potato---potatoes
3.以子音+y結尾的，把y改為i，再加es. (baby—babies, story—stories)
4.以f,fe結尾，把f,fe改為v，再加es.(shelf—shelves,leaf---leaves)
5.不規則的：goose---geese foot---feet tooth—teeth woman---women
man----men child---children sheep---sheep Chinese---Chinese fish—fish
an+母音音素開頭
a+子音音素開頭 (a university student)
形容詞的比較級
1、一般情況下，在原詞後加er.
2、以不發音e的結尾的單詞，在原詞後面加r.
3、以重讀閉音節，要雙寫末尾的字母，後加er.(hot—hotter, thin—thinner)
4. 以子音加y結尾，將y改為i，再加er.(early—earlier, heavy—heavier)
5、雙音節或多音節詞的比較級在詞的前加more.(more beautiful/interesting)
6、物殊的：good/well---better much/many----more bad—worse
little—worse far---farther
縮寫與完全形式：
what’s=what is he’s=he is she’s =she is who’s =who is let’s = let us
I’d=I would isn’t = is not aren’t= are not doesn’t = does not don’t = do not
John’s=John is
反義詞或對應詞：
old---new/young long—short short---tall fat/strong---thin on---under
behind=in front of before---after left---right right--- wrong white—black
big---small begin—over teacher---student boy ---girl mother---father
grandmother—grandfather up--down
tall=not short long=not short fat=not fat
many +(可數句詞複數) some + (既可跟可數名複數也可跟不可數名詞 much +(不可數名詞)
how many /some/ a lot of / many /數字是2或以上的 +(可數句詞複數即要加s或 es.)
如何去選be或助動詞do/does： 看給出來的句子的動詞，如果動詞是原形的，就選助動詞do/does，如果動詞是ing的就選動詞be。如 When _____she watch TV ?She watches TV at night. A. is B. do C. does ( 因為給出來的句子的動詞watch是動詞原形，所以我們就選助動詞do或does ，再看she是第三人稱單數，所以就選.)
What, every……who看作是三單，後面的動詞都要用複數。如：Who_has_ a book ?
the same+單數 look at/like/after/the same/for/up/out
different+可數名詞複數 (看什麼東西/看起來像/看起來一樣/尋找/查字典/往外看
be good at =do well in (擅長)+動詞ing 。
如：She is good at dancing.=She does well in dancing.
