現在許多優秀的學生，他們天賦都很高嗎?不，不是的，他們都是正常的智商，而正是憑著勤奮、靠著超人的努力，才取得了令我們驚歎的好成績。以下是小編為大家搜尋整理的英語專業四級考試輔導練習題，希望對正在關注的您有所幫助!更多精彩內容請及時關注我們應屆畢業生考試網!
Psychologists take opposing views of how external rewards, from warm praise to cold cash, affect motivation and creativity. Behaviorists, who study the relation between actions and their consequences, argue that rewards can __1__ performance at work and school. Cognitive( 認識派的 ) researchers, who study various aspects of mental life, maintain that rewards often destroy creativity by encouraging dependence on __2__ and gifts from others.
The latter view has gained many supporters, __3__ among educators. But the careful use of small __4__ rewards speaks creativity in grade school children, suggesting that properly presented inducements( 刺激 ) indeed __5__inventiveness, according to a study in the June Journal of Personality and Social Psychology.
“If kids know they’re working for a reward and can focus on a relatively __6__ task, they show the most creativity,” says Robert Eisenberger of the University of Delaware in Newark. “But it’s easy to __7__ creativity by giving rewards for poor performance or creating too much anticipation for rewards.
A teacher who continually draws attention to rewards or who hands our high grades for __8__ achievement ends up with uninspired students, Eisenberger holds. As an example of the latter point, he notes growing efforts at major universities to tighten grading standards and __9__ failing grades.
In early grades, the use of so-called token economies, in which students handle challenging problems and receive performance-based points to ward valued rewards, shows __10__ in raising efforts and creativity, the Delaware psychologist claims.
A)mental
B)promise
C)kill
D)avoid
E)hope
F)especially
G)aid
H)ordinary
I)approval
J)monetary
K)generally
L)improve
M)challenging
N)restore
O)excellent
task 21. Poll is an example of a severely disabled person who has become?______?at many survival skills.?
A. efficient B. proficient C. persistent D. transient?
2. Rumors are everywhere, spreading fear, damaging reputations, and turning calm situations into ?____? ones.?
A. tragic B. turbulent C. vulnerable D. vicious?
3. I believe that remark ?____? from what you said yesterday.?
A. resulted B. arose C. came D. originated?
4. Her ?____? was held at the local church.?
A. funeral B. festival C. farewell D. finish?
5. Tom ?____? of his wife how she had met her friend.?
A. asked B. questioned ? C. inquired D. interrogated
試題答案與解析
1. B)
【句意】波爾是個重殘者掌握多種生存技能的典範。?
【難點】proficient意為“熟練的，精通的”;efficient意為“效率高的，有能力的”;persistent意為“堅持不懈的，執著的'”;transient意為“短暫的，轉瞬即逝的”。?
2. B)
【句意】謠言到處傳播，傳播恐懼，破壞名譽，把安定的局勢攪得動盪不安。?
【難點】turbulent意為“動盪的，混亂的”;tragic意為“悲劇的，寫悲劇的”;vulnerable意為“易傷的，脆弱的”;vicious意為“邪惡的，墮落的”。?
3. D)
【句意】我相信那句話起源於你昨天說的話。?
【難點】originate意為“發源;來自;產生”，須與from連用;result“(作為結果)發生，產生”，後也可接from,但意義與本句不符;arise意為“產生，發生;出現”;come意為“來自;產生於”，也可接from,但意義仍與本句不符。?
4. A)
【句意】她的葬禮在當地教堂舉行。?
【難點】funeral意為“葬禮，葬儀”;festival意為“節日”;farewell意為“辭別，告辭”;finish意為“終結，結束”。
5. C)
【句意】湯姆問妻子是怎樣接待朋友的。?
【難點】inquire意為“打聽，詢問”，後加賓語再加of或加從句，有時還和about連用;ask意為“問，詢問，打聽”，但後面不接of;question意為“審問，懷疑”;interrogate意為“訊問，質問”。
