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Pop Music in Africa非洲的流行音樂
Young musicians in African countries are creating a new kind of pop music . The tunes and the rhythms of their music combine African traditions with various forms of music popular today, such as hip-hop, rap, rock, jazz, or reggae. The result is music that may sound familiar to listeners anywhere in the world, but at the same time is distinctly African. It is different also in another way：Many of the songs are very serious and they deal with important social or political issues in Africa today.
非洲國家的年輕音樂家們創造了一種流行音樂的新形式。音調與旋律不僅有傳統的非洲因素也有當 下十分流行的各種形式，比如嘻哈、說唱打擊樂、搖滾、爵士或者是瑞格舞。這樣就使這 種音樂讓世界 各地的聽者都覺得很熟悉，而它又是典型的非洲音樂。這種音樂在另一方面也有所不同：很多音樂有著 嚴肅的主題，與當今非洲重要的社會問題和政治問題相關。
Eric Wainaina is one of these African musicians. He grew up in Nairobi, Kenya, in a family of musicians. As a teenager, he listened to pop music from the United States, and later he moved to Boston to study at the Berklee College of Music. Now he has produced a CD in Kenya. Eric's most popular song, "Land of ‘A Little Something’“ is about Kenya's problem of bribery, or paying others for illegal favors . He wants people to listen to his songs and think about how to make Kenya a better place to live.
Eric Wainaina 是這些非洲音樂家的其中之一。他成長於肯亞內羅畢的一個音樂世家。少年 時期他 就昕美國的流行音樂，之後就讀於波士頓 Berklee College 學習音樂。現在他在肯亞發了 一張 CD。他最紅的歌曲是"Land of ? A Little Something' ， 這首歌是有關肯亞行hui受hui問題的。他希望人們聽他的歌曲 然後思考如何讓肯亞變成更好的居住地。
Another musician who writes serious songs is Witness Mwaijaga from Tanzania. Her own experiences have helped her understand the suffering of many African women. At the age of fifteen she lost her home, but she was luckier than other homeless young people. She could make a living by writing songs and singing on the street. By the time she was eighteen years old, she had become a star. Her songs are written in rap or hip-hop style about the problems that she sees in Tanzania, especially AIDS and the lack of rights for women.1
另一個寫有關嚴肅主題音樂的音樂家是來自坦尚尼亞的 Witness Mwaijaga。 她的個人經歷讓 她能夠切 身體會非洲婦女所受的苦難。她15歲的時候失去了家，但是比起和她一樣無家可歸 的年輕人來說她很幸 運。她可以靠寫歌和在街頭賣唱維持生計。在她18歲的時候，她成為一 個明星。她用嘻哈和說唱的風格 寫歌，歌曲的內容是坦尚尼亞的各種問題，特別是艾滋病和女 性權利的缺失。
Baaba Maal, from Senegal, also feels that pop music must go beyond entertainment. He says that in Senegal, storytellers have always been important people. In the past, they were the ones who kept the history of their people alive. Baaba believes that songwriters now have a similar responsibility. They must write about the world around them and help people understand how it could be better. The words of his songs are important, in fact. They speak of peace and cooperation among Africans, as well as the rights of women, love for one' s family, and saving the environment.2
來自塞內加爾的 BaabaMaal 也認為流行音樂不僅僅是為了娛樂。他在塞內加爾說過，故事的 講述者 往往是重要的人物。在^：去，他們是人民歷史的書寫者。他認為寫歌者也擁有同樣的責任。 他們必須寫 他們周圍的世界，幫助人民明白如何使它變得更好。事實上，歌詞的內容十分重要。他倡導在非洲要和 平與協作，同時也包括婦女權利、熱愛家庭和保護環境。
One of South Africa's most popular musicians is Brenda Fassie. She is sometimes compared to Madonna, the American pop star, because she likes to shock people in her shows. But she also likes to make people think. She became famous in the 1980s for her simple pop songs against apartheid. Now that apartheid has ended, her songs are about other issues in South African culture and life. To sing about these, she uses local African languages and a new pop style called kwaito.
南美最流行的音樂家之一是 Brenda Fassie。 她可以與美國流行巨星麥當娜媲美， 因為她的舞 臺表現力 震撼人心。但是她也喜歡讓人深思。20世紀80年代她因為一首有關反對種族隔離的單 曲而一炮走紅。現 在種族隔離巳經終止了，她的歌曲有關於南美政治和文化的其他方面。她使用傳統的非洲語言與一種新 的流行形式庫威多來歌唱。
In recent years, people outside of Africa have also begun to listen to these young musicians. Through music, the younger generation of Africans are connecting with the rest of the world and, at the same time, influencing the rest of the world.
近些年，非洲以外的人們都開始聽這些年輕音樂家的歌曲。通過音樂，年青一代的音樂家使非洲與 世界其他的地方相連線，同時也影響著世界的其他地方。
詞彙：
reggae n雷鬼音樂(西印度群島的舞曲)
bribery n行hui，hui賂
apartheid n種族隔離
註釋：
1. Her songs are written in rap or hip-hop style about the problems that she sees in Tanzania, especially AIDS and the lack of rights for women. 她用嘻哈和說唱的風格寫歌，歌曲的`內容是坦尚尼亞的各種問題， 特別是艾滋和女性權利的缺失。
2. They speak of peace and cooperation among Africans, as well as the rights of women, love for one's family, and saving the environment. 他倡導在非洲要和平與協作，同時也包括婦女權利、 熱愛家庭和保護環境。
練習：
1. This passage is about how African pop music is_______.
A) usually about love and romance
B) more serious than most pop music
C) popular with young people in Africa
D) mostly written just for entertainment
1. B 本題的問題是：非洲流行音樂的不同之處是什麼?由第一段倒數第一句可以得出答案。It is different also in another way ： Many of the songs are very serious and they deal with important social or political issues in Africa today. A,D 項錯誤，C 項未提及。
2. For people outside of Africa, African pop music is _______.
A) the same as other pop music
B) not usually very interesting
C) entirely strange to them
D) both familiar and different
2. D 本題的問題是：對於非洲以外的人來說，非洲流行音樂給他們的感覺是什麼?從第一段可以得出答案。The result is music that may sound familiar to listeners anywhere in the world , but at the same time is distinctly Afican. 故正確選項為 D。
3. The musicians mentioned in this passage all_______.
A) write about serious problems
B) studied in the United States
C) lost their homes at a young age
D) write songs in a new pop style
3. A 本題的問題是：全文所提到的音樂家的共同的特點是什麼?總覽全文可以得出結論。全文通篇在講有關社會和政治等嚴肅主題的音樂，故正確答案為 A。 B,C,D 都有明顯的錯誤。
4. Eric Wainaina_______.
A) prefers to sing in English
B) listened to traditional music
C) studied music in Boston
D) performs only in the United States
4. C 本題的問題是：Eric Wainaina 的成長細節。由第二段可以得出答案。…and later he moved to Boston to study at the Berklee College of Music. 其餘選項均有錯誤。
5. Witness Mwaijaga writes about the problems of women partly because_______.
A) she has had a difficult life herself
B) there are many problems in Tanzania
C) she has had an easy life herself
D) there are no other women singers
5. A 本題的問題是： Witness Mwaijaga 寫有關女人的問題的原因是什麼?答案在第三段第二句Her own experiences have helped her understand the suffering of many African women. 明顯可見是她有切身經歷。 所以正確答案為 A。
