2017年職稱英語考試備考已經開始，不少考生已開始準備2017年職稱英語考試複習。為了促進大家的學習積極性，yjbys網小編整理了職稱英語歷年真題精選，下面是2017職稱英語考試衛生類A概括大意精選真題，供大家備考複習。
Traffic Jams--No End in Sight
fic congestion (擁堵) affects people throughout the world. Traffic jams cause smog in dozens of cities across both the developed and developing world. In the U. S., commuters (通勤人員 ) spend an average of a full working week each year sitting in traffic jams, according to the Texas Transportation Institute. While alternative ways of getting around are available, most people still choose their cars because they are looking for convenience, comfort and privacy.
most promising technique for reducing city traffic is called congestion pricing, whereby cities charge a toll to enter certain parts of town at certain times of day. In theory, if the toll is high enough, some drivers will cancel their trips or go by bus or train. And in practice it seems to work: Singapore, London and Stockholm have reduced traffic and pollution in city centres thanks to congestion pricing.
her way to reduce rush-hour traffic is for employers to implement flextime, which lets employees travel to and from work at off-peak traffic times to avoid the rush hour. Those who have to travel during busy times can do their part by sharing cars. Employers can also allow more staff to telecommute (work from home) so as to keep more cars off the road altogether.
urban planners still believe that the best way to ease traffic congestion is to build more roads, especially roads that can take drivers around or over crowded city streets. But such techniques do not really keep cars offthe road; they only accommodate more of them.
r, more forward-thinking, planners know that more and more drivers and cars are taking to the roads every day, and they are unwilling to encourage more private automobiles when public transport is so much better both for people and the environment. For this reason, the American government has decided to spend some $7 billion on helping to increase capacity on public-transport systems and upgrade them with more efficient technologies. But environmentalists complain that such funding is tiny compared with the $50 billion being spent on roads and bridges.
23. Paragraph 1__________
24. Paragraph 2 __________
25. Paragraph 3__________
26. Paragraph 4 __________
A. Paying to get in
B. Changing work practice
C. Not doing enough
D. A solution which is no solution
E. Closing city centres to traffic
F. A global problem
27. Most American drivers think it convenient to
28. If charged high enough, some drivers may___________ to enter certain parts of town.
29. Building more roads is not an effective way to__________
30. The U. S. government has planned to__________ updating public-transport systems.
A. reduce traffic jams
B. drive around
C. go by bus
D. spend more money
E. travel regularly
F. encourage more private cars
答案與解析
23.F。題幹：第一段的主要內容是 __________。第一段首句是主題旬，交通擁擠影響到了全世界的人，故F(全球問題)是正確答案。
24.A。題幹：第二段的主要內容是 __________。第二段首句是主題句，最有希望減少城市擁擠的`技術被稱為擁堵收費，即車輛在一天的特定時段進入城裡的特定區域是要收費的。故A(付費進入)是正確答案。
25.B。題幹：第三段的主要內容是 __________。第三段首旬是主題句，另一種緩解交通高峰期的方法是僱主實行彈性工作時間，這可以讓員工在非高峰期往返工作，以避開上下班的高峰，因而B(改變上下班慣例)是正確答案。
26.D。題幹：第四段的主要內容是 __________。第四段沒有主題句，通過本段可知很多人認為緩解交通壓力最好的辦法是多修路，但作者認為這種辦法並不能真正解決問題。故D(一個不能解決問題的解決方案)是正確答案。
27.B。題幹：大部分美國人認為 __________很方便。利用關鍵詞convenient可以定位，根據第一段最後一句“most people still choose their cars because they are looking for convenience，comfort and privacy”可知，很多人選擇開車是為了舒適、方便和隱私。因而答案為B。
28.c。題幹：如果收費足夠高，許多司機可能 __________進入城鎮的特定區域。利用題幹關鍵詞charge可以定位，根據第二段“In theory，if the toll is high enough，some drivers will cancel their trips or go by bus or train.”可知，“理論上，如果收費足夠高，有些司機將會取消他們的行程或者乘坐公交或火車”，所以為C(坐公交)正確答案。
29.A。題幹：建設更多的路不是 __________的有效方法。利用題幹關鍵詞building roads等可以定位，根據第四段可知，有些城市規劃者認為緩解交通擁擠的最好辦法是建更多的路，但是並不能真的讓車遠離道路，而只會容納更多的車。因而修路並不是緩解擁堵的好辦法，所以A(緩解交通擁擠)為正確答案。
30.D。題幹：美國政府計劃通討來升級公共交通系統。利用題幹關鍵詞government和…public—transport system等可以定位，根據第五段倒數第二句可知，美國政府決定花費70億美元來提高公用交通系統的通行量，並使用更有效的技術對其進行升級，所以D(花費更多錢)為正確答案。
