長難句一直是困擾不少考生備考過程中的提分障礙。下面是小編為大家收集的2023大學聯考英語長難句寫作技巧，僅供參考，大家一起來看看吧。
一、如何寫長難句
How to develop complex sentences.
1. 寫出key words，確認中心骨架
2. 邏輯排列，logical arrangements
3. 加工潤色，colorize
例句：大部分學生相信業餘工作會使他們有更多機會發展人際交往能力，這對他們未來找工作是非常有好處的。
Most of (A majority of) students believe (hold the view) that part-time jobs can provide them with opportunities機會to/and develop (improve/better) communication ability能力(social abilities/interpersonal skills人際關係技巧),which is good for (is beneficial to有益於) their looking for jobs (job-hunting求職) in the future (after their graduation).
二、拓展長句的三大方法
The most important factor因素 we have to take into consideration is sth./that…
The most important thing I want to talk about is that…sth./ that…
It is also of great importance to pay close attention to…that
Besides what is mentioned above上訴的,it is necessary to think about…
In addition to除…之外 what is talked about above, I want to tell you sth. about…
1.寫引導詞：包括起承轉合例(讓句子變得高階)
起: in the first place首先, first and foremost首要的, to begin/start with
承: second (ly),in the second place, furthermore而且,此外, moreover而且,此外, what’s more, in addition另外, besides
轉:but, however, on the contrary與此相反, in contrast/comparison相比之下, nonetheless雖然如此,但是; nevertheless儘管如此,然而;
合: last but not least最後同樣重要的，so, therefore,
in conclusion最後，綜上所述, to conclude最後, in a/one word, in general,
例: for instance, for example, such as,
When it comes to.... 說起…
經典引導句型
There is no doubt that/in saying that…
There is no exaggeration誇張 in saying that…
It is known to us all that,
It is well-known that…
It is apparent/obvious顯然的 that…it is not hard to understand that…
It is not too much to say that…
It is commonly/widely/generally agreed that… (acknowledged公認的 that…/ believed that)
2.寫插入語(讓句子變得客觀)
that is to say
to a certain extent在某種程度上，to some degree在一定程度上，to a larger degree在很大程度上
for one reason or another因為某種原因, to put it in another way換言之
directly or indirectly 直接或間接
in other words 換句話說
as a matter of fact 事實上
例：English is, to a large degree, important. be後
Computer, directly or indirectly, influences our life. 行前
Computer can, as a matter of fact, influence our life. 助行間
例句：It is known to us all that, English is, to a large degree, very important due to that English is becoming a global/world language. /is becoming more and more (increasingly) popular
There is no doubt in saying that computer, directly or indirectly, to a large degree, influences our life primarily owing to that (computer can make our work and study faster) computer can improve the efficiency of our work and study.
It is hard to understand that doing part-time job can, to a large extent, broaden our horizon in that we can understand more about the society by knowing a lot of people.
3.寫從句(讓句子變得漫長)
名詞性定語從句:that, who
時間狀語從句:before, when, after, during
地點狀語從句:where)
原因狀語從句:because, because of that..
primarily/mainly owing to that,
partly/partially due to that,
in that 例： I like you in that you are very kind.
假設狀語從句:if, on condition that… in case that…
拓展：關於大學聯考英語閱讀理解長難句的處理技巧
一個句子之所以難以理解，有許多原因，其中一個主要原因是句子太長或者句子結構複雜。句子過長或者複雜無非是該句除了主幹之外還包含了一些附加部分，如插入語、同位語、分隔現象、各種從句或較長的非謂語動詞短語等等。這些附屬成分常有逗號或分隔符號與句子隔開，且插在一個句子中間，使本來完整的句子被斷開，因而增加句意理解的難度。分析長難度的基本是：首先，判斷該句是簡單句、並列句還是複合句；然後，找出句子的核心成分，分清主語和謂語，再分清句子附屬成分。下面我們來談談幾種長難句的處理技巧。
一、處理長難句的原則方法
如果待處理的長難句為一個複雜的單句，可這樣處理：跳讀修飾成分，迅速找出主謂結構。這樣一來，我們便可以將長句化為短句，將難句化為易句。具體步驟是：先跳讀修飾成分或附加成分，找出句子的主幹並理解其意義；然後再分段理解修飾成分或附加成分。
如果待處理的長難句為一個複雜的並列句，可這樣處理：先找出其中的並列連詞，然後再根據並列連詞的意思理清句子前後是順連關係還是反連關係，是因果關係還是轉折關係等，最後再根據不同的語境關係正確理解句意。
如果待處理的長難句為一個複雜的主從複合句，可這樣處理：先分清主句與從句，然後弄清從句的性質，即弄清它是什麼從句——名詞性從句，還是狀語從句，或是定語從句。注意，弄清從句性質對於理解複合句的意思至關重要。
另外，有一點要提醒同學們，在處理長難句時，如果既能正確理解句意，又能將其準確地譯成中文，那是最好了。但是，對於有些長難句，要在較短時間內（如在參加時）將其譯成中文比較困難，此時只要能正確理解其意思就行了，如果硬要勉為其難地譯成中文，不僅會浪費時間，而且在許多情況也沒有必要。
二、經典真題例項分析
下面這篇文章共有194個單詞，卻只有9個句子，平均每個句子大約有22個單詞，是近幾年大學聯考英語閱讀理解中一篇比較典型的集中含有長難句的文章。文章內容如下：
Tristan da Cunha, a 38-square-mile island, is the farthest inhabited island in the world, according to the Guinness Book of Records. It is 1,510 miles southwest of its nearest neighbor St. Helena, and 1,950 miles west of Africa. Discovered by the Portuguese admiral(葡萄牙海軍上將) of the same name in 1506, and settled in 1810, the island belongs to Great Britain and has a population of a few hundred.
Coming in a close second——and often wrongly mentioned as the most distant island——is Easter Island, which lies 1,260 miles east of its nearest neighbour, Pitcairn Island, and 2,300 miles west of South America.
The mountainous 64-square-mile island was settled around the 5th century, supposedly by people who were lost at sea. They had no connection with the outside world for more than a thousand years, giving them plenty of time to build more than 1,000 huge stone figures, called moai, for which the island is most famous.
On Easter Sunday, 1722, however, settlers from Holland moved in and gave the island its name. Today, 2,000 people live on the Chilean territory(智利領土). They share one street, a small airport and a few hours of television per day.
【解題分析】
1. 跳讀插入語：請看文章第一段的第一句。第一步跳過插入語找出句子主幹：Tristan da Cunha is the farthest inhabited island in the world (Tristan da Cunha 是世界上無人居住的最偏僻的島嶼）；第二步理解附加的插入語部分：a 38-square-mile island（該島面積為38平方英里，而且這是吉尼斯記錄之一），這樣該句話的意思就弄明白了。
2. 跳讀非謂語動詞短語：我們來看第一段第三句。首先跳過前面的非謂語動詞短語，找出主幹：the island belongs to Great Britain and has a population of a few hundred (該島是英國領土，人口大約幾千)。然後再來理解前面的非謂語動詞短語：Discovered by the Portuguese admiral of the same name in 1506, and settled in 1810（這個島嶼是在1506年被一個名叫Tristan da Cunha的葡萄牙海軍上將發現的，1810年開始有人居住）。通過這樣分解難度，我們讀得輕鬆，理解得準確。
3. 跳讀分隔現象：請看文章第二段，這一段有35個單詞，卻只有一句話。因為該段既包括了分隔現象，又包含了定語從句，又有一個同位語，而且該句還是一個倒裝句。如果從前到後按照順序來理解，未免有點繁雜，抓不住重點。所以首先要跳過兩個分隔符號之間的內容，同時也要暫時擱置後面的非限制性定語從句，找出主幹並把主幹重新倒置過來變成正常語序：Easter Island is coming in a close second（Easter Island是緊跟第二的最偏僻的島嶼）；然後再理解分隔符號之間的內容和後面的定語從句等附加成分：Easter Island 常常被誤認為是最偏僻的島嶼，它在最臨近的島嶼(Pitcairn Island)東面1,260英里，在南美西面2,300英里。
4. 跳讀定語從句：定語從句在閱讀理解中是很常見的，有限制性和非限制性兩種。限制性定語從句用來限定所修飾的詞，與之關係非常密切，閱讀時要特別注意兩者的密切聯絡，跳過限制性定語從句找到主句後要馬上回頭理解它的含義，確定它與先行詞的修飾關係。如文章第三段的第一個句子裡就有一個限制性定語從句：who were lost at sea. 閱讀時一定要注意它與people的密切聯絡：不是別人而是在大海里迷路的人五世紀左右在那裡定居。
而非限制性定語從句與所修飾的詞關係不是很密切，主要起補充說明作用，它可能出現在主句中間，也可能出現在句尾。如果它出現在句中，閱讀時可以跳過去然後再來理解，也可以一起順便讀過去。如果非限制性定語從句出現在句尾，那閱讀時很方便，看完主句後附帶著看一下就可以了，因為它只是對先行詞的補充說明。如這一段的最後一句：for which the island is most famous. 看完主句我們得知該島與外界隔絕了一千多年，使得島上的人們有充足的時間來修建一千多具巨大的石雕。然後再附帶得知該島以這些石雕而聞名。
三、針對性訓練題
以下段落均選自近幾年的大學聯考英語閱讀理解文章，均有一定難度，請你用以上方法試一試：
1. Decision thinking is not unlike poker — it often matters not only what you think, but also what others think you think and what you think they think you think. （NMET2000. C 篇）
2. Dad, in a hurry to get home before dark so he could go for a run, had forgotten to wear his safety belt—a mistake 75% of the US population make every day.（NMET1999. D篇）
3. First put forward by the French mathematician Pierre de Format in the seventeenth century, the theorem had baffled and beaten the finest mathematical minds, including a French woman scientist who made a major advance in working out the problem, and who had to dress like a man in order to be able to study at the Ecolab poly technique.（NMET2003.C篇）
4. It is difficult to measure the quantity of paper used as a result of use of Internet-connected computers, although just about anyone who works in an office can tell you that when e-mail is introduced, the printers start working overtime. That is, the growing demand for paper in recent years is largely due to the increased use of the Internet.（NMET2003.E篇）
5. Whereas a woman’s closest female friend might be the first to tell her to leave a failing marriage, it wasn’t unusual to hear a man say he didn’t know his friend’s marriage was in serious trouble until he appeared one night asking if he could sleep on the sofa.（NMET2001. E篇）
【分析示範】
1. 先看破折號前面的Decision thinking is not unlike poker，這個句子雖不長，但有點難度，尤其是其中的not unlike這個雙重否定的結構，其實它的意思就是like，句意為“做決策其實就像(like)打撲克牌”。破折號後面的內容包括有一個not also... 結構，且句中反覆出現k這樣的詞語，就像是繞口令似的，對於語感不是很好，而且又不會分析句子同學來說很有點難度，這句話的意思是：起作用的不但是你怎麼想的，而且還包括別人對你的想法是怎麼看的以及你對別人的看法是如何考慮的。
2. 句子的主幹部分為Dad had forgotten...，其中的in a hurry to get...為介詞短語，在此說明had forgotten的原因；破折號後的內容a mistake...為解釋其前內容的同位語。全句大意為：爸爸急匆匆地在天黑之前趕回家，以便他能出去跑步，但卻忘記系安全帶——這是75%的美國人每天犯的一個錯誤。
3. 這個句子的主幹部分是the theorem had baffled and beaten the finest mathematical minds。句首的過去分詞短語first put forward by…用作狀語，表示時間；主句後的including…為介詞短語，用以補充說明the finest mathematical minds；而including…短語中又包括有兩個由who引導的定語從句，修飾名詞短語a French woman scientist。此句句意為：這個定理最先由17世紀法國家皮爾法特提出，它曾使一批極其優秀的大師為難，其中包括一位法國女科學家，她在解決這個難題方面取得了重大進展，她曾女扮男裝為了能夠在伊科爾理工學院。
4. 句子的主幹部分為it is difficult to measure...，其中句首的it為形式主語，其後的不定式為真正的主語；句中although引導的為讓步狀語從句，並且這個狀語從句中又包括有一個who引導的定語從句，而正是在這個定語從句中又內含一個when引導的時間狀語從句，其中的the printers start working overtime為其前時間狀語從句的主句——你看這個句子有多複雜；句子最後一部分由that is引出，用以對前面的內容起解釋和說明作用。全句大意為：由於因特網的使用，要計算所使用紙張的數量不是很容易的，儘管幾乎任何在辦公室的人能告訴你，當引進電子郵件後，印表機就開始超時。也就是說，近年來人們對於紙張的日益需求主要是由於因特網越來越多的使用。
5. 句子的主幹部分為it wasn’t unusual to hear…。句首的whereas為從屬連詞，意為“儘管”，在此引導一個讓步狀語從句。其中主句當中有四個語言難點尤其值得注意：一是句首的it為形式主語，句子真正的主語是其後的不定式to hear…；二是not unusual這一雙重否定結構，其實它的意思是就是usual；三是not…until….結構，其中的not不是句中的第一個not而不是第二個 not（即didn’t know中的not）；四是until後的現在分詞短語asking…，它在此用作狀語，表示伴隨情況。句意為：儘管一個女人最親密的女性朋友可能是第一個告訴她離開一次失敗婚姻的人，然而聽見一個男人說，直到他的朋友一天晚上問他是否可以睡在他家的沙發上，他才知道他朋友的婚姻已非常糟糕，這卻是很平常的。
