前面應屆畢業生小編已經給諸位2016年托福考試的考生分享了五種閱讀題型的解題策略，今天小編要給大家講另外五種題型的解題策略，希望同學們掌握這些方法，在考試的時候運用，幫你拿到托福考試閱讀高分。
否定資訊題
Negative Factual Information questions (0 to 2 questions per set )
首先我們來介紹一下否定資訊題，Negative Factual Information questions。這種題型的提問方式一般為：
l According to the passage,which of the following is NOT true of X?
l The author’s description of X mentions all of the following EXCEPT ?
在解答這種題目的時候首先要注意的是避免慣性思維的影響。在前面講過的所有題目當中，或者是平時大家的做題習慣當中，我們都是看到與原文相符或者和原文一樣的選項就選，但是到了這個題目，需要選擇不屬於題幹內容或者與原文相反的選項，這是需要注意的一點。
一般這種題目的定位範圍都在原文的某一個或者兩個自然段，所以第一步需要的就是根據題目大定位到某個自然段，然後根據選項特徵對應原文進行選題。我們來看一個例題：
Paragraph 7: The Cognitive Approach. Cognitive psychologists assert that our behavior is influenced by our values, by the ways in which we interpret our situations and by choice. For example, people who believe that aggression is necessary and justified-as during wartime-are likely to act aggressively, whereas people who believe that a particular war or act of aggression is unjust, or who think that aggression is never justified, are less likely to behave aggressively.
Paragraph 8: One cognitive theory suggests that aggravating and painful events trigger unpleasant feelings. These feelings, in turn, can lead to aggressive action, but not automatically. Cognitive factors intervene. People decide whether they will act aggressively or not on the basis of factors such as their experiences with aggression and their interpretation of other people’s motives. Supporting evidence comes from research showing that aggressive people oftendistort other people’s motives. For example, they assume that other people mean them harm when they do not.
9. According to the cognitive approach described in paragraphs 7 and 8, all of the following may influence the decision whether to act aggressively EXCEPT a person’s
○Moral values
○Previous experiences with aggression
○Instinct to avoid aggression
○Beliefs about other people’s intentions
這道題目的定位範圍是兩個自然段，四個選項中有三個會influence the decision whether to act aggressively，有一個選項不會“影響一個人決定是否要表現的具有侵略性”，我們要選擇這個選項。首先，在第七自然段的第二句“Cognitive psychologists assert that our behavior is influenced by our values, by the ways in which we interpret our situations and by choice.”中就提到moral values，對應A 選項。其次，在第八自然段中，第四句“People decide whether they will act aggressively or not on the basis of factors such as their experiences with aggression and their interpretation of other people’s motives.”中提到兩個選項，一個是“their experiences with aggression”對應B選項，另外一個是“interpretation of other people’s motives”對應D選項。只有C選項的instinct沒有提到，這道題目選擇C選項。
Inference questions ( 0 to 2 questions per set )
Inference questions 推理題
推理題的標誌是在題幹中出現infer/imply/suggest/indicate/most likely 這樣的詞彙，它和細節題屬於同源題目，都需要定位並且根據文中資訊來選擇答案。與細節題不同的是，推理題在找到原文中定位點之後考察的是學生對於文中資訊的總結概括，或者反向推理的能力。我們來看一道例題，
It should be obvious that cetaceans-whales, porpoises, and dolphins-are mammals. They breathe through lungs, not through gills, and give birth to live young. Their streamlined bodies, the absence of hind legs, and the presence of a fluke3 and blowhole4 cannot disguise their affinities with land-dwelling mammals. However, unlike the cases of sea otters and pinnipeds (seals, sea lions, and walruses, whose limbs are functional both on land and at sea), it is not easy to envision what the first whales looked like. Extinct but, already fully marine cetaceans are known from the fossil record. How was the gap between a walking mammal and a swimming whale bridged? Missing until recently were fossils clearly intermediate, or transitional, between land mammals and cetaceans.
Which of the following can be inferred from paragraph 1 about early sea otters?
○It is not difficult to imagine what they looked like
○There were great numbers of them.
○They lived in the sea only.
○They did not leave many fossil remains.
首先我們來對題目的出題範圍進行定位，題乾的blowhole可以作為定位詞彙，定位到原文的第四句話：“However, unlike the cases of sea otters and pinnipeds (seals, sea lions, and walruses, whose limbs are functional both on land and at sea), it is not easy to envision what the first whales looked like.”在這句話裡交代了“unlike the casess of sea otters”，即與sea otters不一樣的是，whales的陳述是：it is not easy to envision what the first whales looked like.即，不容易看出第一頭鯨長什麼樣子。而sea ottter是和鯨魚相反，所以選擇A選項，即不難看出第一頭sea otter長什麼樣子。所以實際上，這種題目雖然叫做推理題，但是並不需要同學們在做題的時候推的過遠，基本考察的還是對原文資訊概括和總結的能力。
