一、問題形式
被考的文章中有一個詞或片語被加亮，這個詞通常是一個代詞或名詞。指代題的形式如下：
The word (or phrase) X in the passage refers to
二、解題步驟
1． 根據解題技巧確定答案
2． 代入原文驗證，看語義、邏輯和語法上是否通順
三、基本原則
1． 就近指代
所謂就近指代，就是被指代物件通常在指代詞前不遠處，如本句或上一句中。有時也出現在更前面的一句中。例如，
Large wind farms might also interfere with the flight patterns of migratory birds in certain areas, and they have killed large birds of prey (especially hawks, falcons, and eagles) that prefer to hunt along the same ridge lines that are ideal for wind turbines. The killing of birds of prey by wind turbines has pitted environmentalists who champion wildlife protection against environmentalists who promote renewable wind energy. Researchers are evaluating how serious this problem is and hope to find ways to eliminate or sharply reduce this problem.
The phrase this problem in the passage refers to interference with the flight patterns of migrating birds in certain areas building ridge lines that are ideal for wind turbines the killing of birds of prey by wind turbines meeting the demands of environmentalists who promote renewable wind energy.
