轉眼2017下半年英語四級考試即將來臨，不少同學也正在準備2017下半年英語四級考試，但也有不少同學表示在網上買的沒有歷年真題，下面yjbys網小編將英語四級考試的歷年真題都進行彙總。以下是2015年6月英語四級真題及答案(第一套)，提前助大家順利備考、複習。
作文：
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay based on the picture should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then comment on the kid's understanding of going to should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
“Why am I going to school if my phone already knows everything?”
Section A——聽力選擇題
Directions : In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long the end ofeach conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was theconversation and the questions will be spoken only r each question there will bea ng the pause, you must read the four choices marked A., B), D),and decide which is the best mark the corresponding letter on AnswerSheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
will give the woman some tips on the game.
woman has good reason to quit the game.
is willing to play chess with the woman.
woman should go on playing chess.
man can forward the mail to Mary.
can call Mary to take care of the mail.
probably knows Sally's new address.
would like to resume contact with Sally.
handwriting has a unique style.
notes are not easy to read.
did not attend today's class.
is very pleased to be able to help.
man had better choose another restaurant.
new restaurant is a perfect place for dating.
new restaurant caught her fancy immediately.
man has good taste in choosing the restaurant.
has been looking forward to spring.
has been waiting for the winter sale.
will clean the woman's boots for spring.
will help the woman put things away.
woman is rather forgetful.
man appreciates the woman's help.
man often lends books to the woman.
woman often works overtime at weekends.
to work on foot.
a sightseeing trip.
t work earlier than usual.
a walk when the weather is nice.
plane is going to land at another airport.
flights have been delayed due to bad weather.
orary closing has disturbed the airport's operation.
airport's management is in real need of improvement.
Questions 9 to 12 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
specializes in safety from leaks.
is headquartered in London.
has a partnership with LCP.
has a chemical processing plant.
is d's friend.
is a safety inspector.
is a salesman.
is a chemist.
ctor of the safety department.
d's personal assistant.
of the personnel department.
public relations officer.
for d to call back.
e a message for d.
ide details of their products and services.
a comprehensive description of their work.
Questions 13 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
learned playing the violin from a famous French musician.
dreamed of working and living in a European country.
read a lot about European musicians and their music.
listened to recordings of many European orchestras.
began taking violin lessons as a small child.
was a pupil of a famous European violinist.
gave her first performance with her father.
became a professional violinist at fifteen.
gave her a chance to explore the city.
was the chance of a lifetime.
was a great challenge to her.
helped her learn classical French music.
Section B
Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short the end of each passage, you will hearsome the passage and the questions will be spoken only r youhear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A., B), D ) mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single linethrough the centre.
Passage One
Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.
e are mysterious stories behind his works.
e are many misunderstandings about him.
works have no match worldwide.
personal history is little known.
moved to Stratford-on-Avon in his childhood.
failed to go beyond grammar school.
was a member of the town council.
once worked in a well-known acting company.
ers of his time had no means to protect their works.
ible sources of clues about him were lost in a fire.
works were adapted beyond recognition.
le of his time had little interest in him.
Passage Two
Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.
t.
ting.
crash.
accidents.
n the local customs.
hotel reservations.
tickets well in advance.
the right documents.
act your agent.
a lift if possible.
official transport.
a friend meet you.
Passage Three
Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.
down production cost.
inexpensive products.
ialise in gold ornaments.
ne the taste of his goods.
a national press conference.
ng a live television interview.
ng a local sales promotion campaign.
a meeting of top British businesspeople.
lted.
led.
ressed.
ouraged.
words of some businesspeople are just rubbish.
who never learns from the past is bound to fail.
e should be a limit to one's sense of humour.
is not laughed at, that laughs at himself first.
Section C——聽力填空題
Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three the passage is read for the firsttime, you should listen carefully for its general the passage is read for thesecond time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have lly, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what youhave written.
Looking at the basic biological systems, the world is not doing very economic indicators show the world is (26) Despite a slow start at the beginning of the eighties, global economic output increased by more than a fifth during the (27) The economy grew, trade increased, and millions of new jobs were can biological indicators show the 28 of economic indicators?
The answer is that the economic indicators have a basic fault: they show no difference between resource uses that( 29) progress and those uses that will hurt main measure of economic progress is the gross national product (GNP). (30) , this totals the value of all goods and services produced and subtracts loss in value of factories and loped a half-century ago, GNP helped (31) a common way among countries of measuring change in economic some time, this seemed to work (32 )well, but serious weaknesses are now indicated earlier, GNP includes loss in value of factories and equipment, but it does not( 33 )the loss of natural resources, including nonrenewable resources such as oil or renewable resources such as forests.
This basic fault can produce a( 34 )sense of national economic rding to GNP, for example, countries that overcut forests actually do better than those that preserve their trees cut down are counted as income but no subtraction is made for (35 )the forests.
Section A：選詞填空
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the the passage through carefully before making your choice in the bank is identified by a se mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet2 with a single line through the may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.
The rtment of Education is making efforts to ensure that all students have equal access to a quality y it is(36) the launch of the Excellent Educators for All initiative will help states and school districts support great educators for the students who need them most.
"All children are(37 )to a high-quality education regardless of their race, zip code or family is (38 )important that we provide teachers and principals the support they need to help students reach their full (39) ," etary of Education Arne Duncan said." Despite the excellent work and deep( 40 )of our nation's teachers and principals, students in high-poverty, high- minority schools are unfairly treated across our have to do l leaders and educators will (41 )their own creative solutions, but we must work together to (42) our focus on how to better recruit, support and(43) effective teachers and principals for all students, especially the kids who need them most."
Today's announcement is another important step forward in improving access to a quality education, a (44 )of President Obama's year of r today, Secretary Duncan will lead a roundtable discussion with principals and school teachers from across the country about the (45 )of working in high-need schools and how to adopt promising practices for supporting great educators in these schools.
A.Announcing
B.beneficial
C.challenges
D.commitment
E.component
F.contests
G.critically
H.develop
I.distributing
J.enhance
K.entitled
L.potential
erly
ified
in
Section B——長篇閱讀
Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to statement contains information given in one of the tify the paragraph from which the information is may choose a paragraph more than paragraph is marked with a er the questions by marking thecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.
The Changes Facing Fast Food
A)Fast-food firms have to be a thick-skinned th experts regularly criticise them severelyfor selling food that makes people ics even complain that McDonald's, whose logosymbolises calorie excess, should not have been allowed to sponsor the World e arethings fast-food firms have learnt to cope not perhaps for much burgerbusiness faces more pressure from regulators at a time when it is already adapting strategies inresponse to shifts in the global economy.
B)Fast food was once thought to be consumers need to cut spending, the logicgoes, cheap meals like Big Macs and Whoppers become even more "trading down"proved true for much of the latest recession, when fast-food companies picked up customers who could no longer afford to eat at casual fic was boosted in America, the home of fast food, with discounts and promotions, such as $1 menus and cheap combination meals.
C)As a result, fast-food chains have weathered the recession better than their more expensive 2009 sales at full-service restaurants in America fell by more than 6% , but total sales remained about the same at fast-food some markets, such as Japan, France and Britain, total spending on fast food -store sales in America at McDonald's, the world's largest fast-food company, did not decline throughout the ra Bread, an American fast-food chain known for its fresh ingredients, performed well, too, because it offers higher-quality food at lower prices than restaurants.
D)But not all fast-food companies have been as , such as Burger King, have seen sales a severe recession, while some people trade down to fast food, many others eat at home more frequently to save d Palmer, an analyst at UBS, a bank, says smaller fast- food chains in America, such as Jack in the Box and Carl's Jr., have been hit particularly hard in this downturn because they are competing with the global giant McDonald's, which increased spending on advertising by more than 7% last year as others cut back.
E)Some fast-food companies also sacrificed their own profits by trying to give customers better ng the recession companies set prices low, hoping that once they had tempted customers through the door they would be persuaded to order more expensive in many cases that strategy did not year Burger King franchisees (特許經營人)sued (起訴)the company over its double-cheeseburger promotion, claiming it was unfair for them to be repuired to sell these for $1 when they cost$1.10 to May a judge ruled in favour of Burger rtheless, the company may still be cursing its decision to promote cheap choices over more expensive ones because items on its "value menu" now account for around 20% of all sales, upfrom 12% last October.
F)Analysts expect the fast-food industry to grow modestly this the downturn is makingcompanies rethink their are now introducing higher-priced items to entice (引誘)consumers away from $1 , a division of Yum! Brands, which also owns Taco Belland Pizza Hut, has launched a chicken sandwich that costs around $ in May Burger Kingintroduced barbecue (燒烤)pork ribs at $7 for eight.
G)Companies are also trying to get customers to buy new and more items, including nald's started selling better coffee as a challenge to " McCafe" line nowaccounts for an estimated 6% of sales in bucks has sold rights to its Seattle's Bestcoffee brand to Burger King, which will start selling it later this year.
H)As fast-food companies shift from "super size" to "more buys", they need to keep customer traffichigh throughout the see breakfast as a big opporttmity, and not just for fatty nald's will start selling porridge (粥)in America next kfast has the potential to bevery profitable, says Sara Senatore of Bernstein, a research firm, because the margins can be -food companies are also adding midday and late-night snacks, such as blended drinks idea is that by having a greater range of things on the menu, "we can sell to consumersproducts they want all day," says Rick Carucci., the f financial officer of Yum ! Brands.
I)But what about those growing waistlines? So far, fast-food firms have cleverly avoided providing healthy options, like salads and low-calorie sandwiches, they have at leastgiven the impression of doing something about helping to fight obesity (肥胖症)e offeringsare not necessarily loss-leaders, as they broaden the appeal of outlets to groups of diners thatinclude some people who don't want to eat a customers cannot be forced to ordersalads instead of fries.
J)In the future, simply offering a healthy option may not be good enough."Every packaged-food and restaurant company I know is concerned about regulation right now," says er of ica's health-reform bill, which Congress passed this year, requires restaurant chains with 20 ormore outlets to put the calorie-content of items they serve on the menu.A study by the NationalBureau of Economic Research, which tracked the effects on Starbucks of a similar calorie-postinglaw in New York City in 2007, found that the average calorie-count per transaction fell 6% andrevenue increased 3% at Starbucks stores where a Dunldn Donuts outlet was nearby--a sign, it issaid, that menu-labelling could favour chains that have more healthy offerings.
K)In order to avoid other legislation in America and elsewhere, fast-food companies will have tocontinue innovating (創新) Riker of McDonald's claims the change it has made in its menumeans it offers more healthy items than it did a few years ago."We probably sell more vegetables,more milk, more salads, more apples than any restaurant business in the world," he therecent proposal by a county in California to ban McDonald's from including toys in its high-calorie"Happy Meals", because legislators believe it attracts children to unhealthy food, suggests there isa lot more left to do.
people propose laws be made to stop McDonald's from attaching toys to its food specials for children.
-food finns may not be able to cope with pressures from food regulation in the near future.
er King will start to sell Seattle's Best coffee to increase sales.
fast-food firms provide healthy food to give the impression they are helping to tackle the obesity problem.
ng the recession, many customers turned to fast food to save money.
people eat out less often to save money in times of recession.
ng the recession, Burger King's promotional strategy of offering low-priced items often proved ineffective.
-food restaurants can make a lot of money by selling breakfast.
fast-food companies now expect to increase their revenue by introducing higher-priced items.
55.A newly-passed law asks big fast-food chains to specify the calorie count of what they serve on the menu.
Section C
Directions: There are 2 passages in this passage is followed by some questions orunfinished each of them there are four choices marked A., B), ) should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on AnswerSheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.
If you think a high-factor sunscreen (防晒霜)keeps you safe from harmful rays, you may be arch in this week's Nature shows that while factor 50 reduces the number of melanomas(黑瘤)and delays their occurrence, it can't prevent nomas are the most aggressive skin have a higher risk if you have red or blond hair, fair skin, blue or green eyes, or sunburn easily, or if a close relative has had nomas are more common if you have periodic intense exposure to the r skin cancers are increasingly likely with long-term exposure.
There is continuing debate as to how effective sunscreen is in reducing melanomas the evidence is weaker than it is for preventing other types of skin cancer.A 2011 Australian study of 1,621 people found that people randomly selected to apply sunscreen daily had half the rate of melanomas of people who used cream as needed.A second study, comparing 1,167 people with melanomas to 1,101 who didn't have the cancer, found that using sunscreen routinely, alongside other protection such as hats,long sleeves or staying in the shade, did give some study said other forms of sun protection not sunscreen seemed most study relied on people remembering what they had done over each decade of their lives, so it's not entirely it seems reasonable to think sunscreen gives people a false sense of security in the sun.
Many people also don't use sunscreen properly applying insufficient amounts, failing to reapply after a couple of hours and staying in the sun too is sunburn that is most worrying recent research shows five episodes of sunburn in the teenage years increases the risk of all skin cancers.
The good news is that a combination of sunscreen and covering up can reduce melanoma rates, as shown by Australian figures from their slip-slop-slap if there is a heat wave this summer, it would be best for us, too, to slip on a shirt, slop on (抹上)sunscreen and slap on a hat.
is people's common expectation of a high-factor sunscreen?
will delay the occurrence of skin cancer.
will protect them from sunburn.
will keep their skin smooth and fair.
will work for people of any skin color.
does the research in Nature say about a high-factor sunscreen?
is ineffective in preventing melanomas.
is ineffective in case of intense sunlight.
is ineffective with long-term exposure.
is ineffective for people with fair skin.
do we learn from the 2011 Australian study of 1,621 people?
creen should be applied alongside other protection measures.
-risk people benefit the most from the application of sunscreen.
gular application of sunscreen does women more harm than good.
y application of sunscreen helps reduce the incidence of melanomas.
does the author say about the second Australian study?
misleads people to rely on sunscreen for protection.
helps people to select the most effective sunscreen.
is not based on direct observation of the subjects.
confirms the results of the first Australian study.
does the author suggest to reduce melanoma rates?
g both covering up and sunscreen.
ing in the shade whenever possible.
g covering up instead of sunscreen.
ying the right amount of sunscreen.
Passage Two——仔細閱讀
Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.
Across the rich world, well-educated people increasingly work longer than the 65% of American men aged 62 -74 with a professional degree are in the workforce, compared with32% of men with only a high-school gap is part of a deepening divide between the well-educated well-off and the unskilled d technological advance has raised the incomes of the highly skilled while squeezing those of the consequences, for individuals and society, are profound.
The world is facing an astonishing rise in the number of old people, and they will live longer than ever the next 20 years the global population of those aged 65 or more will almost double, from 600 million to 1.1 experience of the 20th century, when greater longevity (長壽)translated into more years in retirement rather than more years at work, has persuaded many observers that this shift will lead to slower economic growth, while the swelling ranks of pensioners will create government budget problems.
But the notion of a sharp division between the working young and the idle old misses a new trend, the growing gap between the skilled and the oyment rates are falling among younger unskilled people, whereas older skilled folk are working divide is most extreme in America, where well-educated baby-boomers (二戰後生育高峰期出生的美國人)are putting off retirement while many less-skilled younger people have dropped out of the workforce.
Policy is partly European governments have abandoned policies that used to encourage people to retire ng life expectancy (預期壽命), combined with the replacement of generous defmed-benefit pension plans with less generous defined-contribution ones, means that even the better-off must work longer to have a comfortable the changing nature of work also plays a big has risen sharply for the highly educated, and those people continue to reap rich rewards into old age because these days the educated elderly are more productive than the preceding nological change may well reinforce that shift: the skills that complement computers, from management knowhow to creativity, do not necessarily decline with age.
is happening in the workforce in rich countries?
ger people are replacing the elderly.
-educated people tend to work longer.
ployment rates are rising year after year.
le with no college degree do not easily find work.
has helped deepen the divide between the well-off and the poor?
er life expectancies.
B.A rapid technological advance.
ound changes in the workforce.
D.A growing number of the well-educated.
do many observers predict in view of the experience of the 20th century?
omic growth will slow down.
rnment budgets will increase.
people will try to pursue higher education.
e will be more competition in the job market.
is the result of policy changes in European countries?
illed workers may choose to retire early.
people have to receive in-service training.
wealthy people must work longer to live comfortably in retirement.
le may be able to enjoy generous defined-benefits from pension plans.
is characteristic of work in the 21st century?
uters will do more complicated work.
will be taken by the educated young.
jobs to be done will be the creative ones.
ls are highly valued regardless of age.
翻譯： Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.
中國是世界上最古老的文明之一。構成現代世界基礎的許多元素都起源於中國。中國現在擁有世界上發展最快的經濟，並正經歷著一次新的工業革命。中國還啟動了雄心勃勃的太空探索計劃，其中包括到2020年建成一個太空站。目前，中國是世界最大的出口國之一，並正在吸引大量外國投資。同時，它也在海外投資數十億美元。2011年，中國超越日本成為世界第二大經濟體。
答案解析：
1.D)。選項中多次出現game和play chess，可以推測對話內容與下象棋有關。另外，從四個選項的內容審可以椎測，對話講的府該縣女士想放棄下象棋，男士給出建議或指導。
本題的關鍵在於聽懂反問句和反問的語調。女士說因為今天又輸了，所以打算放棄下象棋。男士沒有正面迴應，而是反問了兩句：Just because you lost?Is that any reaSon to quit?”僅僅是因為輸了嗎?那能算是放棄的理由嗎?”言外之意就是不該放棄。換句話說就是，男士建議女士繼續下棋。故本題答案為D)。
2.C)。選項中出現了mail，address和contact等詞，可以推測對話內容和郵件有關：由選項中的瑪麗和薩利兩個人名可知對話的內容涉及另外兩個人，人物較多，聽錄音時應注意區分人物之間的關係，做好標記;另外，選項A)以the mail作主語，選項B)和D)以she作主語，可以推測該題會從女士的角度提問，女士的話為聽音重點。
本題的關鍵在於聽到細節“Mary should know it.”男士想把薩利的郵件轉寄給她，問女士是否知道她的地址。女士說自己很久沒跟薩利聯絡了，但是結尾補充了一句：“瑪麗應該知道地址。”故本題答案為C)。
3.B)。選項中出現了handwriting，notes和class等詞，可以推測對話內容應該與上課做筆記有關。另外，四個選項中，A)和B)以his開頭，C)和D)以he為主語，可以推測該題會從男士的角度提問，男士的話為聽音重點。
解題的關鍵是聽懂反意疑問句。女士想要借男士的筆記看，男士沒有正面回答，而是反問道：You've never seen my handwriting，have you?“你沒看過我的筆跡，對嗎?”言外之意就是自己的筆跡難以辨認，不易讀懂。故本題答案為B)。
4.A)。四個選項中反覆出現了choose和restaurant等詞，由此推測對話內容與選擇飯店有關。另外，選項A)和D)均是講男士選擇飯店，而選項B)和C)則出現了dating和her，故可推測該題可能是從女士的角度看待男士所選擇的飯店，女士的話為聽音重點。男士說今晚要帶女朋友去新開的飯店過生日。女士說她上週去過，太讓她失望了。從rather disaDpointing可以聽出女士話語中強烈的否定意味，言外之意就是建議男士不要去這家飯店了，應該另選一家。故本題答案為A)。
5.A)。四個選項中三個都提到了季節，由此推測對話內容可能與季節有關。另外，四個選項都是以he開頭，故可判斷該題會從男士的角度進行提問，男士的話為聽音重點。
女士說，冬天終於結束了，可以把手套和靴子收起來了。男士迴應說為此他已經等了好幾個月了。顯然男士和女士一樣非常期待冬天的結束，也就是盼望春天的到來。故本題答案為A)。
6.B).四個選項中，A)和D)以the woman為主語，B)和C)以the man為主語，選項在內容上較分散，可以推測該題並非針對男士或女士個人的話提問，而是考查對整個對話的理解，聽音時應注意從全域性把握對話內容。
對話開頭，女士對男士說，謝謝他把書送回來，由此可知應該是男士借了女士的書，故首先排除C)項：男士說，他認為女士週末會用到，而且感謝女士讓他使用這些書，故本題選擇B)。
7.A)。選項中涉及work，on foot，trip和walk等詞，可推測對話和步行上班或旅行相關。四個選項均為動詞短語，由此可推斷該題會對建議或計劃進行提問，應特別注意和建議或計劃相關的表述。
女士問男士的工作時間是否可以變通，男士回答說，不能。但今天天氣很好，他決定步行去上班。所以必須比平常早一個小時出發。男士話語中有明顯的表示計劃的動詞decided，其後的內容就是本題的答案，故答案為A)。
8.C)。四個選項均涉及飛機和機場，而且都和機場存在的問題有關，故聽音的重點為機場在哪方面出現了問題。
9.D)。由對話開頭可知，男士在給女士打電話，女士問男士有什麼事情，男士在說明來電目的前說，自己瞭解到女士的公司有家化學加工廠，故D)為答案。
10.C)。對話中，男士先表明自己的身份，介紹了自己公司，說明了來電目的是想和格蘭德先生討論如何幫助TGC公司防止洩漏，同時節省開支的問題，實際上就是要推薦自己公司的產品，由此可推斷男士是一名銷售員，故C)為答案。
11.B)。對話中，女士告知男士格蘭德先生非常忙，沒空與男士說話，男士想找其他人商談，女士告訴他，他正和格蘭德先生的私人助理說話，即女士就是格蘭德先生的私人助理，故B)為答案。
12.C)。對話中，女士說let me suggest Something，由此可知，其後就是女士對男士的建議，即為該題的答案。對話中，女士建議男士將其公司產品和服務的詳情以及其他公司的推薦信一併寄送過來，之後會和男士聯絡，故C)為答案。
13.D)。男士問女士是否想過會在西方世界生活和工作，女士回答說沒有，但是自己一直都聽歐洲大型管絃樂隊的唱片，由此可知女士在到歐洲之前聽過很多歐洲管絃樂隊的唱片，故D)是答案。
14.A)。男士問女士是否很小就喜歡古典音樂，女士給出肯定回答，並說自己六歲就開始在學校學習小提琴，故A)為答案。
15.B)。對話末尾，女士提到自己十五歲獲得獎學金到巴黎留學，男士詢問女士父母對此有何感受，女士說她父母喜憂參半，因為這既是個千載難逢的機會，也意味著她要遠離故鄉。四個選項中只有B)與原文相符，故為答案。
16.D)。短文中作者先提出“有多少人瞭解莎士比亞本人”的問題，接著指出學者們經過幾個世紀的研究之後，仍然在不斷探索他的個人史。由此可知，莎士比亞的個人史很少有人知道，故D)為答案。
17.C)。本題考查對莎士比亞父親的瞭解，由於使用的人稱代詞都是he，會對聽前預測造成一定的干擾，在聽錄音時應注意將選項和短文內容進行匹配區別。文章中提到莎士比亞的父親受人尊敬，是埃文河畔斯特拉特福鎮議會的一名成員，故C)為答案。
18.B)。文章中提到1666年倫敦的一場大火把很多重要檔案燒燬了，而這些本來可能是瞭解莎士比亞的線索，因此莎士比亞的一部分生活將永遠不為人所知，故B)為答案。
19.A)。短文開頭部分提到，人們在外出旅遊時遇到的大部分人都是既友好又熱情的，但也會遇到很多危險，而其中最為常見的就是盜竊，故A)為答案。
20.D)。文中提到，在準備出國旅遊時，一定要確保檔案正確，誰都不想到了目的地卻發現簽證錯誤、護照過期等情況。選項D)中的documents與文中的paperwork是同義轉述，故D)為答案。
21.C)。文章最後給出建議：到達目的地後要選擇乘坐正規的交通工具，故C)為答案。
22.B)。短文提到，拉特納在1984年接管了父親的珠寶連鎖店後，決定以最低的價格賣出低檔產品，選項B)中sell inexpensive products是原文sell downmarket products的同義轉述，故B)為答案。
23.D)。短文明確提到，在一次英國上層商人會議上，拉特納出席並解釋了自己成功的祕密，故D)為答案。
24.A)。短文提到，聽到拉特納的評論後，人們覺得受到了侮辱並遠離拉特納的商店，故A)為答案。
25.C)。短文開頭就點明瞭主題，提到英國人以自嘲聞名，但即使是對他們來說，幽默也應該有限度，接著短文以拉特納的故事為例說明這個主題，文末再次強調“這個玩笑的代價太大了”，以此首尾呼應，告訴我們開玩笑要有度，故C)為答案。
pering。此處應該填人一個現在分詞或形容詞，作is的表語。prospering意為“繁榮的”。
de。此處應該填入表示時間的名詞，與前面的介詞during搭配。decade意為“十年”。
site。此處應該填入名詞。opposite意為“對立面”。
ain。此處應該填入動詞原形作從句謂語，上文的先行詞reSource uses充當其主語。sustain意為“保持，維持”。
simple terms。此處應該填入副詞或介詞短語作狀語。in simple terms意為“簡言之”。
blish。此處應該填入動詞原形，與其前面的help搭配，並且能和後面的way搭配。estabfish意為“建立，設立”。
onably。此處應該填入副詞修飾well。reaSonably意為“尚可，還可以”。
into account。此處應該填入動詞原形或動詞短語。take into account意為“考慮，重視”。
eading。此處應該填入形容詞來修飾sense。misleading意為“令人誤解的”。
g up。此處應該填人動名詞或動名詞短語來作介詞for的賓語，並和forests進行搭配。usingup意為“耗盡，用光”。
36.A)announcing。動詞辨析題。句首出現時間狀語today，空格位於系動詞is和名詞短語thelaunch of…之間，因此空格處需要填人動詞的現在分詞形式，構成現在進行時。前一句提到，美國教育部正在努力確保所有學生享有接受高質量教育的平等權利。因此，空格處需要填人一個能夠與名詞launch構成動賓搭配的動詞，表示“宣佈開始實施一項方案或活動”。由此確定announcing為本題答案，意思是“宣佈”。備選詞中，distributing意思是“分發，散佈”，與此處文意不符，且無法與launch構成動賓搭配，故排除。
37.K)entitled。動詞辨析題。空格前面是系動詞are，後面是介詞to及其賓語，因此空格處需要填入形容詞作表語或者動詞的被動語態，並與介詞to搭配。上文提到，美國教育部今天宣佈開始實施為所有學生提供優秀教育工作者的活動方案，本句解釋了實施此方案的原因，即所有孩子都應有權利接受高質量的教育。因此，空格處需要填人一個表示“有權利”或“有資格”的形容詞，且能夠與介詞to搭配，備選形容詞中只有entitled同時符合這兩項要求，由此確定其為本題答案。be entitled to意思是“有……資格”。備選詞中，beneficial意思是“有利的，有益的”，與此處文意不符，排除;qualified意思是“有資格的”，但不能與介詞to
搭配使用，因此也可以排除。
38.G)critically。副詞辨析題。空格前面是系動詞is，後面是形容詞important，因此空格處需要填入一個副詞，用來修飾形容詞important。上句提到，所有的孩子，不分種族、居住地及家庭收入，都應有權利接受高質量的教育，本句承接上句，表明為教師和校長們提供幫助學生髮揮全部潛力所需支援的重要性。因此，空格處需要填入一個表示“非常，相當，很”的副詞，與important表達“至關重要”的意義，由此確定副詞critically為本題答案，意思是“很大程度上，極為重要地”。備選詞中，properly意思是“合理地，正確地”，與此處文意不符，因此可以排除。
39.L)potential。名詞辨析題。空格前面為形容詞性物主代詞their及形容詞hill，因此空格處需要填人一個名詞。本句提到要為教師和校長們提供支援，而這些支援是為了幫助學生髮揮其全部潛力。因此，空格處需要填入一個能與動詞reach相搭配的名詞，且表達“潛力，能力”的意義，由此確定名詞potential為本題答案，意思是“潛力”。備選詞中，challenges意思是“挑戰”，commitment意思是“投入，承諾”，component意思是“組成部分，部件”，contests意思是“比賽”，均與此處文意不符，且不能與動詞reach搭配，可以排除。
40.D)commitment。名詞辨析題。空格前面為形容詞deep，後面為介詞of，因此空格處需要填人名詞。根據連詞and可以判斷，該名詞與and前面的excellentwork在意義上應該是並列的，且根據上下文，此處要表達的意義是教師和校長們工作出色且努力。因此，空格處的名詞表達的是“努力”或“投入”的意思，且為不可數的抽象名詞，備選詞中只有commitment一詞符合要求，由此確定其為本題答案。備選詞中的challenges和contests均為可數名詞複數形式，可以排除;component意思是“組成部分，部件”，與此處文意不符，且不能用deep進行修飾，可以排除;potential已經用過，直接排除。
41.H)develop。動詞辨析題。空格前面為助動詞will，後面為名詞短語their own creative Solutions，因此空格處需要填入動詞原形，與will構成一般將來時態，並與名詞Solutions構成動賓短語。Solutions意思是“解決方案”，因此填入的`動詞應該表達“想出，找到”或“研究出，制定出”的意義。由此可以確定，動詞develop為本題答案，意思是“形成”。備選詞中，enhance意思是“增強，提高”，retain意思是“留用”，均不能與Solutions搭配，且與此處文意不符，因此可以排除。
42.J)enhance。動詞辨析題。空格前面是動詞短語work together及動詞不定式符號to，後面是名詞短語our focus，因此空格處需要填入動詞原形，且與Our focus構成動賓搭配。根據上下文，教育部長認為我們必須共同努力增強對於某些問題的關注。因此，空格處填人的動詞應該表達“增強，增加”的意義，由此可以確定，動詞enhance為本題答案，意思是“增強，提高”。備選詞中，develop已經用過，直接排除;retain意思是“留用”，與此處文意不符，也可以排除。
43.O)retain。動詞辨析題。根據and前面的兩個動詞recruit和support及其形式可以判斷，空格處需要填入的是動詞原形，且與recruit和support構成並列關係，recruit意思是“招募”，support意思是“支援，配備”，賓語都是空格後的effective teachers and principals，由此可以確定，動詞retain為本題答案。
44.E)component。名詞辨析題。空格前面是不定冠詞a，後面是介詞of，因此空格處需要填入可數名詞的單數形式。前面講到，今天的公告是改善獲得高質量教育權利的又一重要步驟，而介詞of後面又提到了美國總統行動年，因此可以判斷今天的公告內容是總統行動年的行動內容之一，空格處應填入表示“內容，組成部分”的名詞。由此可以確定名詞component為本題答案，意思是“組成部分”。備選詞中，commitment和potential已經用過，直接排除;challenges和contests均為可數名詞的複數形式，也可以排除。
45.C)challenges。名詞辨析題。空格前面是定冠詞the，後面是介詞of，因此空格處應填入名詞形式。本句介紹的是鄧肯部長將帶領召開與來自全國各地的校長和學校教師展開的圓桌會議內容，根據上下文，在高需求的學校工作必將面臨更多的挑戰或困難。因此，空格處填入的名詞可能表達“困難，問題”或“挑戰”的意義，由此可以判斷，名詞challenges為本題答案，意思是“挑戰”。備選詞中，commitment，potential和component均用過，直接排除;contests意思是“比賽”，與此處文意不符，也可以排除。
46.K)由題幹中的propose laws和toys定位到文章K)段畫線處。
47.A)由題幹中的cope with，pressures和food regulation定位到文章A)段畫線處。
48.G)由題幹中的Burger rang和Seattle’sBest coffee定位到文章G)段畫線處。
49.I)由題幹中的healthy food，give the impression和obesity定位到文章I)段畫線處。
50.B)由題幹中的recession，customers和fast food定位到文章B)段畫線處。
51.D)由題於中的eat out，save money和recession定位到文章D)段西線處。
52.E)由題幹中的Burger King，strategy和low-priced items定位到文章E)段畫線處。
53.H)由題幹中的selling breakfast定位到文章H)段畫線處。
54.F)由題幹中的introducing higher-priced items定位到文章F)段畫線處。
55.J)由題幹中的a newlypassed law，specify the calorie count和menu定位到文章J)段畫線處。
56.B)推理判斷題。文章開篇即指出，如果你認為高指數的防晒霜能夠使你免遭有害射線的輻射，那你可能就錯了。由此可見，對於防晒霜能夠保護面板不受傷害的這種誤解是非常普遍的，因此，人們對於高指數防晒霜的普遍預期是它將保護人們不被太陽晒傷.故答案為B)。
57.A)事實細節題。文章首段第二句提到，本週《自然》雜誌的一項研究表明，儘管防晒指數為50的防晒霜能夠減少黑瘤的數量，並延緩其出現，但卻並不能阻止其發生。由此可見，此項研究表明高指數的防晒霜並不能有效阻止黑瘤的發生，故答案為 A)。
58.D)推理判斷題。文章第二段首句指出，對於防晒霜減少黑瘤的有效性一直存在爭議，第二句則舉例說明，提到2011年澳大利亞一項涉及1，621人的研究發現，隨機抽取的每天使用防晒霜的人群患黑瘤的機率是需要時才使用面霜的人群的一半。由此可知，根據此項研究，每天使用防晒霜的確能夠降低患黑瘤的機率，即堅持使用防晒霜是有一定效果的，故答案為D)。
59.C)推理判斷題。該段第三、四句承接上文，介紹了澳大利亞的第二項相關研究，第五句則是作者對研究過程與結果的主觀評論，指出，由於此研究基於人們對他們一生中每個十年所採取防晒措施的回憶，因此並不完全可靠。由此可見，此研究並不是基於對被研究物件的直接觀察，故答案為C)。
60.A)推理判斷題。文章第四段第一句提到，正如澳大利亞人“套上一塗上一扣上”運動的資料所顯示的，綜合使用防晒霜和面板遮蓋措施能夠降低黑瘤發病率，第二句據此提出作者自己的觀點和建議：如果今年夏天有熱浪，我們也最好套上T恤，抹上防晒霜，並且扣上帽子。也就是說，作者建議我們同時使用防晒霜和衣服、帽子等其他防護措施，故答案為A)。
61.B)事實細節題。文章開篇即指出，在發達國家，與技術水平較低的人相比，受教育程度較高的人工作年限越來越長。由此可見，目前在發達國家的勞動力大軍中，學歷較高的人工作時間更長，故答案為B)。
62.B)事實細節題。文章首段第三句承接上文指出，這一差距正是不斷加劇的高學歷高收入富人與無技術低收入窮人之間兩極分化的部分表現。第四句進一步分析了原因，即迅速發展的技術使高技術人群的收入增加，同時也壓縮了那些無技術人群的收入。由此可見，迅速發展的技術就是加劇貧富差距的主要原因，故答案為B)。
63.A)事實細節題。文章第二段第三句指出，20世紀，更加長壽造成了退休生活的年份更長而不是工作的年份更長，這一經歷使得觀察家們相信，這一變化將導致經濟增長減緩，同時，退休金申領人數的激增將產生政府預算問題。由此可知，根據20世紀的經歷，觀察家們預測到的問題之一是經濟增長將減緩，故答案為A)。
64.C)事實細節題。文章第四段第二句和第三句提到，許多歐洲國家政府已經摒棄了曾鼓勵人們儘早退休的政策。預期壽命的延長以及慷慨的固定養老金計劃被不再慷慨的固定繳費養老金計劃所替代，這些都意味著甚至有錢人也必須延長工作年限以獲得舒適的退休生活。由此可知，政策的變化帶來的後果是甚至有錢人也不得不為了在退休後過上舒適的生活而延長工作年限，故答案為C)。
65.D)推理判斷題。文章第四段第四句提到，工作性質的變化也起到了很大作用，第五句進而對工
作性質的變化進行了分析，指出對那些高學歷人士而言，工作報酬在大幅增加，這些人將繼續獲得較高的收入，直到老年，因為當今的老齡高學歷人群比上一代人工作更有成效，第六句對上文進行了總結，得出結論，技術革新可能將進一步增強這一轉變：作為計算機的補充的技能，從經營管理技巧到創新能力，都不會隨著年齡的增長而衰退。由此可見，21世紀的工作特點是，比起年齡問題，經營管理技巧、創新能力等技能將更加被看重，故答案為D)。
參考譯文：
China is one of the most ancient civilizations across the world, from which many elements that construct the foundation of the modem world are China has the world's fastest growing economy and is experiencing a new industrial has alSo launched an ambitious space exploration plan, including the building of a space station by ently, being one of the largest exporters in the world, China is attracting massive foreign while, it has invested billions of dollars overseas as 2011, China surpassed Japan, becoming the second largest economic entity in the world.
1.翻譯第一句時需要注意，“……之一”的表述中，名詞使用複數形式，“最古老的文明之一”剛譯為one of themost ancient civilizations或one of the oldest civilizations。
2.翻譯第二句時，需要注意句子的主幹為“元素起源於中國”，謂語動詞“起源於”可譯為be derived from或originate from;定語“構成現代世界基礎的”較長，可處理為定語從旬來修飾先行詞“元素”;“構成……基礎”可譯為-uct the foundation of或form the basis of。由於第一句和第二句均為簡單句，都出現了“中國”一詞，翻譯時既可以單獨成句，也可以合二為一。本譯文采用後者，將第一句作為主句，第二句處理為定語從句，用介詞+which來引導，修飾第一句中的China，從而使譯文更加簡潔連貫。
3.翻譯第三句時，需要注意該句主語為“中國”，旬中有兩個並列謂語“擁有”和“經歷”。“擁有”表示的是客觀事實，可採用一般現在時，“正經歷著”強調當前的情況，可採用現在進行時;“工業革命”可譯為industrialrevolution。
4.第四句中“太空探索計劃”可直譯為space exploration plan，也可意譯為plan for exploring the outer space;“啟動”可譯為launch或start。
5.第五句和第三句結構相似，該句有兩種譯法。可以翻譯為兩個並列的簡單句，也可以將“中國正在吸引大量外國投資’’譯為主句，時態為現在進行時;“是世界最大的出口國之一”採用非謂語結構，譯為being one of thelargest exporters in the world，避免單調和重複。
6.第六句為簡單句，“在海外投資”譯為invest overseas，“數十億”譯為billions of。
7.翻譯最後一句時應注意時態。該句表述的是過去的事實，應使用一般過去時。“超越”譯為surpass;“成為”這個短語有兩種譯法，可以將“超越”和“成為”處理為兩個並列的動作，譯為became the second largesteconomy in the world：也可以將“成為”處理為現在分詞作狀語，表示結果，譯為becoming the second largesteconomic entity in the world。
