發音,語言學名詞,是指人通過控制咽喉部的氣流強弱、聲帶振動所發出的聲音(多指語言和音樂)。以下是小編整理的關於英語字母組合發音技巧,希望大家認真閱讀!
一、母音字母在重讀音節中的讀音
母音字母 讀 音 例 詞
a 在開音節中 [ei] name plane Jane baby cake
在閉音節中 [] bag dad hat map black back
e 在開音節中 [i:] he these me Chinese
在閉音節中 [e] bed let pen desk yes egg
i 在開音節中 [ai] bike fly drive time nice kite
在閉音節中 fish big drink sit milk swim
o 在開音節中 [Eu] those close go hoe home no
在閉音節中 [E] clock not box shop sock
u 在開音節中 [ju:] student excuse duty Tuesday,但u在子音字母j l r s後面時讀[u:]音,例如:June blue ruler super。但u在閉音節中 [∧] bus cup jump much lunch
二、母音字母在重讀音節中的特殊讀音
母音字母讀音例詞
a在[w]音後面 [C] want what watch wash quality
a在f n sk ph sp ss st th前 [α:] after plant graph ask grasp glass fast father
i在-nd -ld和gh前 [ai] find child light high
o在-st -ld前 [ou] most postcard old cold
o在m n v th前 [∧] come monkey love mother
三、母音字母在非重讀音節中的讀音
母音字母讀音例詞
a [E] China another woman breakfast
[i ] orange comrade village cabbage
e [E] hundred student open weekend
[i ] chicken pocket begin children
i [E]/[i] holiday beautiful family animal
[ai] exercise satellite
o [E] second tonight somebody welcome
[Eu] also zero photo
u [E] autumn difficult
[ju(:)] popular congratulation January
動詞中的a如果處在開音節位置,a讀[ei]音,例如:operate
u處在開音節位置,又在子音字母j l r s後面時,讀[u(:) ]音,例如:July influence February issue
在非重讀音節中,許多單詞中的母音字母a e i 即可以讀作[E]音,也可以讀作音。
四、-r音節母音字母組合
1、在重讀音節中的讀音母音字母組合讀音例詞
⑴、ar 一般發音
[α:] car farm dark sharpener
在[w]音後面 [c:] warm quarter towards
⑵、or 一般發音
[c:] forty morning short
在[w]音後面[E:] word worker worse
⑶、er ir ur
[E:] certainly bird Thursday
⑷、子音字母r雙寫時,前面的母音字母不能與r構成-r音節,而是按重讀閉音節的拼讀規則發音。例如: carry sorry hurry
2、在非重讀音節中通常讀[E]音,例如:dollar teacher martyr forget Saturday
五、-re音節母音字母組合
1、在重讀音節中的讀音
are [εE] care dare hare
ere [iE] here mere
ire [aiE] fire hire wire
ore [c:] more score before
ure [juE] pure cure
2、在非重讀音節中are ere ire ore很少出現,ure在非重讀音節中讀[E]音。
例如:picture pleasure
3、重讀母音字母+r+非重讀母音字母組時,重讀母音字母應按a(e,i,o,u)re音節拼讀規則拼讀,字母r讀[r]音。例如:parent zero story during inspiring
4、某些常用詞及多音節詞經常出現長音短化現象。例如:orange very American paragraph
六、母音字母組合在重讀音節中的讀音
母音字母組合讀音例詞
ai/ay [ei] rain wait day play
air [εE] air hair chair pair repair
al 在f,m,s前後
[c:] small ball talk wall all
[ c: l ] always also salt almost
[α:] half calm
au/aw [c:] autumn daughter draw
ea的發音
[i:] teach easy cheap please
[e] heavy bread sweater weather
[ei] break great
ear
[iE] hear dear near clear year
[εE] bear pear wear swear
[E:] earth learn early
ee [i:] jeep week green three
eer[iE] pioneer deer beer
ei/ey
[ei] eight neighbour they
[i:] either key
eu/ew在j l r s後
[ju:] new few newspaper
[u:] flew brew jewelry
ie/ei[s]音之後 [i:] piece field receive
oa [ou] coat Joan boat goal
oar/oor roar board door floor
oi/oy noise point boy toilet
oo
1.重讀音節詞尾的字母組合oo發音素[u:]的音。如:too(太;也),zoo(動物園),
2.在子音字母f, l, m, n, p,s,t前的字母組合oo也發音素[u:]的.音。如:roof(屋頂),school(學校),room(房間),soon(不久),loop(圈,環),goose(鵝)boot(靴子),tooth(牙齒)等.有二個特例詞要特別注意,它就是:wool[u](羊毛);:foot[u](腳);
3.字母組合oo在字母d和k前發音素[u]的音。如:good(好),book(書),look(看),特例詞:food[u:](食物);
4.在複合詞的非重讀音節中的字母組合oo發音素[u]的音。如:bedroom(臥室),classroom(教室)等;
5.在字母l和d之間的字母組合oo發音素[∧]的音。如:blood(血),flood(洪水)等.
6.後接r時字母組合oo發音素 door,floor
ou/ow
[au] flower house count down
[ou] know row throw though
[∧] young country enough
[u:] group you soup
our
course your four
[auE] our hour ours
[E:] journey
ui在j l r s後
[ju:i] fluid suicide tuition
[u ] juice fruit suit
七、非重讀音節中母音字母組合和字群的讀音
母音字母組合或字群讀音例詞
ai/ay , ei/ey [i] Sunday foreign monkey
ow [ou] yellow sparrow tomorrow
母音字組在非重讀音節中讀[E]音。
例如:neighbour serious famous biscuit coffee
-sion -tion [Fn] impression nation
-sion在母音字母后 [Vn] vision decision occasion
-tion在s後 [t∫En] question suggestion
-sten [sn] listen
-stle [sl] whistle
-sure [VE] pleasure measure
-ture [t∫E] picture culture
八、母音字母組合在複合詞非重讀音節中的讀音
複合詞中的第二部分不標註重音符號,但其中的母音字母或母音字母組合仍按重讀音節拼讀規則拼讀。例如: everyday[ei] handbag[] blackboard[C:]
有些詞隨著語言的發展,前後兩部分已失去其單獨存在的意義,融合成為一個詞。其中的非重讀部分要按非重讀音節的讀音規則發音。
例如: sun太陽 + day[ei]日子 > Sunday 星期天 holy神聖 + day[ei]日子 > holiday 假日 break中斷 + fast[α:]齋戒 > breakfast[E] 早餐 cup茶杯 + board木板[C:] > cupboard[E] 碗櫃
九、子音字母組合的讀音
子音字母組合 讀 音 例 詞
b [b] bike bus bag
[/] bomb tomb
c
(1)後跟母音字母a,o,u時,字母c發[k],例如:cat,come,cut,cake picture coat music;後跟e,i,y時,字母c發[s],例如:nice,decide,Lucy,face decide cinema。
(2)後跟子音字母k,r,s,t,以及位於單詞最後時,字母c發[k],例如:black,crossing,politics,dictate,picnic。
(3)單詞中有雙寫字母c,後跟母音字母e或i時第一個c發[k],第二個c發[s],例如:successful,accident;後跟其它母音字母或字母組合時,兩個c合發一個[k],例如:account。
(4)後跟字母組合ei,er,ie或與詞尾的字母e組合時,c發[s],例如:receive,certainly,society;後跟字母組合ia時,c發[∫],例如:especially。
ch
一般讀作 [t∫] much chick rich teacher
[k] chemist(化學家),chem-istry(化學),chemical(化學的),Christmas(聖誕節), headache(頭痛),school(學校)等6個單詞中讀[k]
[∫] machine
-ck [k] cock pocket black knock
d [d] doctor bread hand day
-dge [dV] bridge fridge
dr- [dr] children driver drink
f [f] five four breakfast
g在e i/y前 [g] bag garden go
[dV] orange large German
gh字母組合的讀音在英語課本中歸納起來主要有“發音”和“不發音”兩種情況。
一、gh在下列三種情況下發音
在詞首時,讀作/g/。例:ghost/geust/
2.詞首為字母1,且後跟字母組合augh時,gh讀作/f/。例:laugh/la:f/,laughter/'la:f/,cough ,enough
3.詞尾為字母組合ough時,gh讀作/f/。例:enough /i'nf/,cough/kf/,rough/rf/,tough/tf/
二、gh在下列五種情況下不發音
在母音字母i後不發音。例:bright/brait/,fight/fait/,frighten/'fraitn/,high/hai/,light/lait/,might/mait/,night/nait/,right/rait/,sight/sait/,slight/slait/
在母音字母組合ei和ai後不發音。例:eight/eit/,eighth/eitθ/,neighbor/'neib/,straight/streit/,weigh/wei/,weight/weit/
在字母組合ought中不發音。例:bought/b:t/,brought/br:t/,fought/f:t/,thought/θ:t/
4.字母組合augh前面不是1時,gh不發音。caught/k:t/,daughter/'d:t/,naught/n:t/,naughty/'n:ti/,taught/t:t/
5.詞尾為ough的詞,如以上所述,有的發/f/,但有時也不發音。例:although/:l'/,plough/plau/,through/θru:/,though/u/,thorough/'θrf/
注意:若gh不是字母組合,而是分屬於前後兩個不同的音節時,不適合以上規則。例:dininghall/'dainih:l/
gu-
-guegu在非重讀音節中 [g] guess league dialogue
[gw] language anguish
h
[h] hot head house hand
[/] hour honest
j [dV] jeep jar joke join July
k [k] kind bike skate make week
kn- [n] knife know knock
l [l] life milk school tall
m [m] monkey come autumn
-mn [m] autumn column solemn
n在[k] [g]音前 [n] not shine ten note
[N] uncle thank hungry
-ng [N] morning young wrong
p [p] paper plane pig ship pen
ph [f] elephant photo telephone
q [k] Iraq
qu- [kw] quality quite
r [r] red rubber ruler
s在詞首或清子音前母音字母間或濁子音前 [s] sit sleep desk
[z] music husband
sc- [sk] scarlet
[s] muscle science
sh [∫] she fish shirt wash
t [t] ten letter meet
在通常情況下在弱讀字母ia ie io前 [∫] patient nation
tch [t∫] watch
th有清與濁兩種讀音:
1 當位於詞首時,可以從詞性上判別其應有的讀音。請看:
第一類:在以下 4種 詞類 th 讀 清音,即國際音標的 θ :
a. Noun 名詞:thing, theatre, thumb大拇指, thunder雷,thermos熱水瓶, Thursday, theory, theme, throat喉嚨, thread線
b. Verb 動詞:think, thank, throw, thrive, thicken,
ral 數詞:three, thirteen, thirty, third, thousand
ctive 形容詞:thin, thick, thirsty, thoughtful, thorough徹底的
第二類:在以下 兩種 詞類 th 讀 濁音:
a. Pronoun 代詞:they, them, their, theirs, this, these,that, those, there
b. Functional terms 功能詞:the, than, then, though, thus,therefore
2 當位於詞尾(或音節之尾)時,其讀音多數是清音,如:bath, breath, both, cloth, tooth, health, wealth, arithmetic 等。只有在少數單詞中,如:with, smooth 中讀濁音。
3 當位於兩個母音之間時,其讀音多數是濁音。如:other, mother, brother, another, father, weather, feather, leather, further, breathe。 但是,也有讀清音的,如在單詞 method, nothing, anything, sympathy, sympathetic, mathematics, healthy, wealthy, Luther, Marathon(馬拉松)等。
tr- [tr] tree train country truck
v [v] very voice love leave
w
[w] week win wake sweet wait
[/] Answer two
wh-
wh-在字母o前 [w] what when white why
[h] who whose whole
x
在重讀母音前 [ks] box text exercise
[gz] example exist exact
wr- [r] write
y- [j] yes yard yellow young
z [z] puzzle zero zoo